Phage Kho yog Dab Tsi?

Zoo Siab

• Ib txoj kev sib txawv los mus tua cov kab mob
• Txoj kev kho phage ua haujlwm li cas
• Phage kho thiab tshuaj tua kab mob
• 1. Tshuaj tua kab mob tua ntau tshaj ib hom kab mob
• 2. Tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau "superbugs"
• Cov txiaj ntsig kev pab kho Phage
• Phage kho qhov tsis zoo
• Kev siv Phage hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas
• Hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus
• Cov mob uas yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev kho phage
• Cov nqa mus

Ib txoj kev sib txawv los mus tua cov kab mob

Phage therapy (PT) tseem hu ua kev kho bacteriophage. Nws siv cov kab mob los kho cov kab mob. Cov kab mob hu ua kab mob hu ua phages lossis bacteriophages. Lawv tsuas yog tua cov kab mob; phages yog tsis ua mob rau tib neeg, tsiaj, thiab nroj tsuag.

Cov kab mob Bacteriophages yog cov yeeb ncuab ntawm tsiaj. Lo lus bacteriophage txhais tau tias “Noj cov kab mob.” Lawv tau pom hauv av, dej phwj tuaj, dej, thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj kab mob. Cov kab mob no pab ua kom cov kab mob loj hlob hauv kev tshawb xyuas qhov.

Phage kev kho mob yuav zoo li tshiab, tab sis nws tau siv rau xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob tsis tau paub zoo. Tseem muaj kev tshawb fawb ntxiv rau ntawm bacteriophages. Txoj kev kho rau cov kab mob ua rau muaj tus kab mob no tuaj yeem yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Txoj kev kho phage ua haujlwm li cas

Cov kab mob tua cov kab mob tua tau cov kab mob los ntawm kev ua rau lawv tawg lossis qe. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum tus kabmob khi rau cov kabmob. Tus kab mob kis tau cov kab mob los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj rau nws cov caj ces (DNA lossis RNA).

Tus kab mob phage theej nws tus kheej (luam tawm) hauv cov kab mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem tsim cov kab mob tshiab rau txhua tus kab mob. Thaum kawg, tus kab mob qhib cov kab mob, tso cov kab mob tshiab.

Cov kab mob muaj peev xwm tsuas ua kom ntau ntxiv thiab loj tuaj sab hauv tus kab mob.Thaum txhua tus kab mob lysed (tuag lawm), lawv yuav nres tu. Zoo li lwm yam kab mob, phages tuaj yeem pw (nyob rau hauv hibernation) kom txog thaum muaj ntau cov kab mob tshwm tuaj.

Phage kho thiab tshuaj tua kab mob

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob kuj tseem hu ua anti-bacterials. Lawv yog hom kev kho mob uas keev kho rau kab mob. Tshuaj tua kab mob yog tshuaj lom lossis tshuaj uas tua cov kab mob hauv koj lub cev.

Tshuaj tua kab mob cawm neeg txoj sia thiab tiv thaiv kab mob kev kis mob. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau ob lub ntsiab teeb meem:

1. Tshuaj tua kab mob tua ntau tshaj ib hom kab mob

Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem tua cov kab mob phem thiab cov kab mob zoo hauv koj lub cev. Koj lub cev xav tau qee hom kab mob los pab koj zom cov zaub mov, ua qee cov as-ham, thiab ua kom koj tsis muaj mob.

Cov kab mob zoo kuj tseem pab ua kom lwm cov kab mob, kab mob thiab fungal tsis txhob loj hlob tuaj hauv koj lub cev. Qhov no yog vim li cas cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev mob tshwm sim zoo li:

• mob plab
• xeev siab thiab ntuav
• tav
• tsam plab thiab gassiness
• zawv plab
• poov xab kis tau mob

2. Tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau "superbugs"

Qhov no txhais tau tias es tsis txhob tso tseg, qee cov kab mob ua rau tiv thaiv lossis tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev kho mob. Kev tawm tsam nws tshwm sim thaum cov kab mob hloov zuj zus lossis hloov pauv kom muaj zog dua li cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Lawv kuj tseem kis tau tus “superpower” no rau lwm cov kab mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob txaus ntshai uas tsis tuaj yeem kho. Cov kab mob tsis muaj kev phom sij tuaj yeem tsim kev tuag taus.

Siv tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug txhawm rau txhawm rau pab tiv thaiv cov kab mob tiv taus. Piv txwv li:

• Tsuas yog siv tshuaj tua kab mob rau kev tua kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav pab kho tsis tau kab mob xws li khaub thuas, flus, thiab mob ntsws.
• Tsis txhob siv tshuaj tua kab mob yog tias koj tsis tas siv.
• Tsis txhob yuam koj tus kws kho mob kom muab tshuaj rau koj lossis koj tus menyuam noj.
• Noj tag nrho cov tshuaj tua kab mob raws nraim li qhia tseg.
• Ua kom tag nrho cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, txawm tias koj xis neej dua lawm.
• Tsis txhob noj tshuaj tua kab mob tas sij hawm.
• Pov tseg cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas siv tas sij hawm los sis tsis siv lawm.

Cov txiaj ntsig kev pab kho Phage

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm phage txoj kev kho nyob rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Tib yam li muaj ntau hom kab mob, muaj ob peb hom bacteriophages. Tab sis txhua hom phage yuav tua tus kab mob xwb. Nws yuav tsis kis rau lwm hom kab mob.

Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib qho phage tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau cov kab mob uas ua rau cov kab mob. Piv txwv, tus kab mob strep tsuas yog tua cov kab mob uas ua rau mob qa.

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb 2011 tau teev qee cov txiaj ntsig ntawm bacteriophages:

• Phase ua haujlwm tawm tsam ob qho tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
• Lawv tuaj yeem siv ib leeg lossis nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lwm yam tshuaj.
• Phase nce thiab nce nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb los ntawm lawv tus kheej thaum kho (tsuas yog xav tau ib koob tshuaj xwb).
• Lawv tsuas cuam tshuam me me li ib txwm “muaj” tus kab mob hauv lub cev.
• Phages yog lub ntuj thiab nrhiav tau yooj yim.
• Lawv tsis muaj teeb meem (mob lom) rau hauv lub cev.
• Lawv tsis ua mob rau tsiaj, nroj tsuag, thiab ib puag ncig.

Phage kho qhov tsis zoo

Cov kab mob tseem tsis tau siv dav. Qhov kev kho mob no xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv kom paub seb nws ua haujlwm zoo li cas. Nws tsis paub yog tias phages tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg lossis tsiaj cov hauv kev uas tsis cuam tshuam txog kev siv tshuaj lom lom.

Ib qho ntxiv, nws tseem tsis tau paub yog tias txoj kev kho phage tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob ua rau muaj zog dua li cov bacteriophage, uas ua rau phage tsis kam.

Cons ntawm phage kev kho mob suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• Phages tam sim no nyuaj los npaj rau siv hauv neeg thiab tsiaj.
• Nws tseem tsis tau paub meej tias koob tshuaj lossis pes tsawg phages yuav tsum siv.
• Nws tseem tsis tau paub meej tias kev kho phage yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas ua haujlwm.
• Nws yuav tsis yooj yim nrhiav qhov tseeb phage xav tau los kho tus kab mob.
• Phase yuav ua rau lub nruab zog tiv thaiv tsis dhau lossis ua rau lub cev tsis txaus.
• Qee hom phages tsis ua haujlwm zoo li lwm yam los kho cov kab mob.
• Nws kuj yuav tsis muaj cov hom phages txaus los kho txhua tus kab mob.
• Ib co phages yuav ua rau cov kab mob tiv taus.

Kev siv Phage hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas

Phage kho tsis tau pom zoo rau tib neeg hauv Tebchaws Meskas lossis hauv Europe. Muaj kev sim phage sim siv qee qhov teeb meem tsawg tsawg xwb.

Ib qho laj thawj rau qhov no yog vim tias tshuaj tua kab mob yooj yim dua thiab pom tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb dua los siv. Muaj kev tshawb nrhiav tsis tu ncua txog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov kab mob bacteriophages hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm phage txoj kev kho kuj tseem xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.

Hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus

Txoj kev kho Phage tau siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, txawm li cas los xij. Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (FDA) tau pom zoo rau qee cov phage sib xyaw los pab txiav cov kab mob tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv cov zaub mov. Phage kho hauv cov zaub mov tiv thaiv cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom noj lom, xws li:

• Salmonella
• Listeria
• E. coli
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Campylobacter
• Pseudomonas

Lub phages ntxiv ntxiv rau qee cov zaub mov ua tiav los pab tiv thaiv cov kab mob loj hlob tuaj.

Lwm qhov kev siv rau phage txoj kev kho mob uas tau sim muaj feem xyuam ntxiv cov kab mob bacteriophages rau kev ntxuav cov khoom kom rhuav tshem cov kab mob ntawm cov nplaim taws. Qhov no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv tsev kho mob, tsev noj mov, thiab lwm qhov chaw.

Cov mob uas yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev kho phage

Phage kho tej zaum yuav tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho kab mob uas tsis teb tshuaj tua kab mob. Piv txwv li, nws yuav siv tawm tsam tus muaj zog Dab Tsi Staphylococcus(staph) kab mob hu ua MRSA.

Muaj tau muaj cov kev ua tiav zoo ntawm kev siv phage kho mob. Ib qho xov xwm vam meej tau koom nrog ib tus txiv neej 68 xyoo nyob rau San Diego, California, uas tau kho rau tus kab mob hu ua resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Tom qab ntau tshaj peb lub hlis ntawm kev sim tshuaj tua kab mob, nws cov kws kho mob muaj peev xwm txwv kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab mob bacteriophages.

Cov nqa mus

Phage kho tsis yog qhov tshiab, tab sis nws siv rau hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj kuj tsis tau tshawb nrhiav zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb tam sim no thiab qee qhov kev vam meej tuaj yeem txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua ntau dua. Raws li phage kev kho yog pom tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab pom zoo siv rau hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, qhov no yuav ua tau sai sai no.

Phage kho yog qhov "tshuaj tua kab mob" thiab tej zaum yuav muaj lwm txoj kev kho tau zoo. Nws kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lwm qhov kev siv xws li kev phais mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob hauv tsev kho mob. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau ua ntej nws siv yog pom zoo rau tib neeg.