Toxicology npo

Tshuaj ntsuam toxicology yog hais txog ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas uas txiav txim seb hom thiab kwv yees li ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj txhaum cai uas ib tug neeg tau ua.

Kev kuaj mob toxicology feem ntau yog siv cov ntshav lossis tso zis kuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav ua tau sai sai tom qab tus neeg nqos cov tshuaj, siv cov khoom noj hauv lub plab coj los ntawm kev mob plab (tso tawm hauv lub plab) lossis tom qab ntuav.

Tsis muaj kev npaj tshwj xeeb yog xav tau. Yog koj muaj peev xwm, qhia koj tus kws kho mob tias koj tau siv cov tshuaj twg (suav nrog cov tshuaj uas yuav tom kiab khw) uas koj tau noj, suav nrog thaum koj noj lawv thiab koj tau haus ntau npaum li cas.

Qhov kev ntsuas no qee zaum yog ib feem ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav txog kev siv tshuaj lossis tsim txom. Kev pom zoo tshwj xeeb, tswj hwm thiab sau npe ntawm cov hnoos qeev, lossis lwm cov txheej txheem yuav tau ua.

Kuaj ntshav:

Thaum cov koob tau tso rau hauv cov ntshav, qee cov neeg hnov ​​mob me ntsis, hos lwm tus hnov ​​zoo li qhov txhab lossis qhov khoob. Tom qab ntawd, yuav muaj qee qhov throbbing.

Kuaj Ntsuas:

Txoj kev kuaj zis puas yog tso zis ib txwm muaj. Tsis muaj qhov tsis xis nyob.

Qhov kev kuaj no feem ntau ua rau thaum muaj mob kub ceev. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov ua tau npaj tsis tau lossis kev txhob txwm haus tshuaj lom lossis haus luam yeeb. Nws yuav pab txiav txim qhov ua rau muaj mob tshuaj lom, saib xyuas kev quav yeeb tshuaj, thiab txiav txim seb puas muaj cov tshuaj nyob hauv lub cev rau kev kho mob lossis kev cai lij choj.

Lwm cov laj thawj uas tej zaum yuav muaj xws li:

• Kev quav cawv
• Cawv kev tshem tawm lub xeev
• Hloov kev puas siab puas ntsws lub xeev
• Analgesic nephropathy (mob raum lom)
• Kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj tsis quav tshuaj (delirium tremens)
• Ncuav Qab Zib
• Kev nyuaj siab
• Soj ntsuam kev quav yeeb tshuaj
• Mob lub cev muaj cawv haus cawv
• Txhob txwm noj ntau dhau
• Qaug dab peg
• Stroke tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv yeeb dawb
• Xav tias yog kev raug yuam deev
• Kev tsis nco qab

Yog tias kev kuaj pom tau siv los ua tshuaj ntsuam tshuaj, nws yuav tsum ua nyob rau hauv qee lub sijhawm tom qab siv tshuaj, lossis thaum lub sijhawm cov tshuaj tseem tuaj yeem tshawb pom hauv lub cev. Piv txwv hauv qab no:

• Cawv: 3 txog 10 teev
• Amphetamines: 24 txog 48 teev
• Barbiturates: txog 6 lub lis piam
• Benzodiazepines: txog li 6 lub lis piam nrog kev siv qib siab
• Kab yeeb: 2 txog 4 hnub; txog li 10 txog 22 hnub nrog kev siv hnyav
• Codeine: 1 txog 2 hnub
• Tshuaj Ruam: 1 txog 2 hnub
• Hydromorphone: 1 txog 2 hnub
• Tshuaj txiav yeeb: 2 txog 3 hnub
• Morphine: 1 txog 2 hnub
• Phencyclidine (PCP): 1 txog 8 hnub
• Propoxyphene: 6 txog 48 teev
• Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): 6 txog 11 asthiv nrog kev siv hnyav

Cov nqe ib txwm muaj rau cov tshuaj yuav tom khw lossis tshuaj noj yuav txawv me ntsis ntawm ntau lub chaw soj nstuam. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj cov kev kuaj sim.

Qhov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo feem ntau txhais tau tias haus dej cawv, tshuaj noj uas tsis tau teev tseg, thiab cov tshuaj tsis raug cai tsis tau kuaj xyuas.

Kuaj ntshav toxicology yuav txiav txim tau qhov muaj thiab theem (npaum li cas) ntawm cov tshuaj hauv koj lub cev.

Cov zis hauv cov zis feem ntau qhia txog qhov zoo (pom muaj tshuaj) lossis tsis zoo (tsis muaj tshuaj pom).

Txhawb kom ntau ntau hauv cov cawv lossis cov tshuaj yuav yog cov cim ntawm txhob txwm los yog yuam kev haus cawv lossis haus cawv ntau dhau.

Muaj cov yeeb tshuaj txhaum cai lossis tshuaj tsis raug cai rau tus neeg qhia txog kev siv tshuaj txhaum cai.

Qee cov tshuaj muaj cai thiab cov tshuaj yuav tom khw tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj ntsuas thiab qhov ntsuas tsis raug nyob hauv kev kuaj zis. Koj tus kws khomob yuav faj seeb txog qhov ua tau no.

Kev phom sij cuam tshuam nrog kev tso ntshav tawm muaj me ntsis tab sis yuav suav nrog:

• Los ntshav ntau
• Tsaus muag lossis hnov ​​nkaus lub teeb
• Hematoma (ntshav ntau nyob hauv qab daim tawv nqaij)
• Kev kis tus kab mob (muaj kev pheej hmoo me me txhua lub sijhawm ntawm daim tawv tawg)

Cov tshuaj uas tej zaum yuav kuaj pom ntawm tus mob toxicology muaj xws li:

• Cawv (ethanol) - "haus cawv" cawv
• Amphetamines
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
• Barbiturates thiab hypnotics
• Benzodiazepines
• Kab yeeb
• Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
• Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
• Tshuaj maj
• Narcotics
• Cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj kev puas siab ntsws, nrog rau cov tshuaj acetaminophen thiab tshuaj los tiv thaiv
• Phencyclidine (PCP)
• Phenothiazines (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab los yog tshuaj tua kab mob)
• Cov tshuaj kws kho mob muab, yam twg

Barbiturates - tshuaj ntsuam; Benzodiazepines - tshuaj ntsuam; Amphetamines - npo; Kev tso tshuaj pleev ib ce - npo; Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ntsuam Xyuas - screen; Narcotics - tshuaj ntsuam; Phenothiazines - npo; Tshuaj ntsuam kev quav yeeb tshuaj; Ntshav cawv ntsuas

• Kuaj ntshav

Langman LJ, Bechtel LK, Meier BM, Holstege C. Cov tshuaj lom toxicology. Hauv: Rifai N, ed. Tietz Phau Ntawv Sau Txog Kev Siv Science Thiab Kev Kuaj Mob MolecularCov. 6 tus ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: chap 41.

Minns AB, Clark RF. Raug yeeb tshuaj. Hauv: Phab Ntsa RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Cov Tshuaj Siv Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Cov Ntsiab Lus thiab Kev Siv TshuajCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 140.

Mofenson HC, Caraccio TR, McGuigan M, Greensher J. Kev mob toxicology. Hauv: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn's Suab Nkauj Kho Siab Tawm Tshiab 2019Cov. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019; 1273-1325.

Pincus MR, Bluth MH, Abraham NZ. Toxicology thiab tshuaj kho mob. Hauv: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Kev Kuaj Mob thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas los ntawm Laboratory Txoj KevCov. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: cha 23.