Retinoblastoma

Retinoblastoma yog ib qho mob qog qhov muag tsis tshua pom tshwm sim ua rau menyuam yaus. Nws yog qog hlav (ua rau qog) ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov muag hu ua tus retina.

Retinoblastoma tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib pauv hauv cov noob uas tswj hwm li cas cov cell sib faib. Vim li ntawd, cov noob zaub ua rau lub cev tswj tsis tau thiab ua rau neeg muaj mob.

Txog li ib nrab ntawm cov mob no, cov kev hloov tau loj zuj zus hauv tus menyuam yaus uas tsev neeg tsis tau mob dua li lub qhov muag. Lwm qhov xwm txheej, kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv ntau tsev neeg. Yog tias qhov sib hloov khiav hauv tsev neeg, muaj 50% qhov cuam tshuam uas tus neeg cuam tshuam ntawm cov menyuam yuav muaj kev hloov. Cov menyuam yaus no yog li yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim tus kab mob retinoblastoma lawv tus kheej.

Tus mob khees xaws feem ntau cuam tshuam cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 7 xyoo. Nws yog cov uas pom muaj ntau hauv cov menyuam yaus 1 txog 2 xyoos.

Ib qho lossis ob qhov muag yuav raug cuam tshuam.

Tus menyuam lub qhov muag yuav tshwm sim dawb lossis muaj pob dawb. Lub ntsej muag dawb nyob hauv qhov muag yog feem ntau pom hauv cov duab thaij nrog lub eeb. Hloov qhov xwm txheej "liab muag" ntawm lub eeb, tus menyuam tuaj yeem tshwm dawb lossis distorted.

Lwm cov tsos mob tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Hla ob lub qhov muag
• Ob lub zeem muag
• Ob lub qhov muag tsis sib haum
• Qhov muag mob thiab liab
• Lub zeem muag tsis zoo
• Txawv cov xim iris hauv txhua qhov muag

Yog tias tus kabmob tau ri mus, mob pob txha thiab lwm yam tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj ib ce kom tiav, suav nrog kev kuaj qhov muag. Cov kev xeem hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua:

• CT scan lossis MRI ntawm lub taub hau
• Qhov muag ntsuam xyuas nrog dilation ntawm tus tub ntxhais kawm
• Ultrasound ntawm lub qhov muag (lub taub hau thiab qhov muag echoencephalogram)

Cov kev kho mob xaiv nyob ntawm seb qhov loj thiab thaj chaw ntawm cov qog:

• Cov qog ntshav me me tuaj yeem kho los ntawm kev phais laser lossis kev pleev dej (ua kom khov).
• Kev siv hluav taws xob yog siv rau ob lub qog uas nyob hauv qhov muag thiab rau cov qog loj.
• Siv tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau yog tias lub qog nce dhau qhov muag.
• Qhov muag yuav xav tau tshem tawm (cov txheej txheem hu ua enucleation) yog tias cov qog ntshav tsis tuaj yeem kho lwm yam kev kho mob. Hauv qee kis, nws yuav yog thawj qhov kho mob.

Yog tus kabmob tsis tau kis mus dhau qhov muag, yuav luag txhua tus neeg tuaj yeem kho. Ib txoj kev kho kom zoo, txawm li cas los xij, yuav xav tau kev kho mob hnyav thiab txawm tias tshem tawm lub qhov muag txhawm rau kom ua tiav.

Yog tias mob qog tau kis dhau qhov muag, qhov feem ntau ntawm kev kho mob tsawg dua thiab nyob ntawm seb yuav ua li cas cov qog tau kis.

Qhov muag tsis pom kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv lub qhov muag cuam tshuam. Cov qog yuav kis mus rau lub qhov muag txuas tau los ntawm cov leeg kho qhov muag. Nws kuj yuav kis tau rau lub hlwb, ntsws, thiab pob txha.

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias pom muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob retinoblastoma tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj tus menyuam lub qhov muag tsis pom lossis txawv hauv cov duab.

Kev qhuab ntuas raws caj ces tuaj yeem pab cov tsev neeg to taub txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus mob retinoblastoma. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntau dua ib tus neeg hauv tsev neeg muaj tus kab mob, lossis yog tias tus mob retinoblastoma tshwm sim hauv ob lub qhov muag.

Tumour - retina; Cancer - retina; Qhov muag mob qog nqaij hlav - retinoblastoma

• Qhov muag

Cheng KP. Ophthalmology. Hauv: Zitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli thiab Davis 'Atlas Kev Kuaj Mob Rau Menyuam yausCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 20.

Kim JW, Mansfield NC, Murphree AL. Retinoblastoma. Hauv: Schachat AP, Sadda SR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Weidemann P, eds. Ryan's RetinaCov. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 132.

Tarek N, Herzog CE. Retinoblastoma. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 529.