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Updates on AL Amyloidosis Treatment: What is New in 2022: Giada Bianchi, MD
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Mob plawv amyloidosis yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tso nyiaj ntawm cov protein tsis txaus (amyloid) hauv lub plawv. Cov nyiaj tso no ua rau nws ua haujlwm nyuaj rau lub plawv.

Amyloidosis yog ib hom kab mob uas pawg ntawm cov protein hu ua amyloids tsim tawm hauv cov nqaij. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov roj ntsha no hloov cov ntaub so ntswg uas ib txwm ua, ua rau tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom nruab nrog cev. Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm amyloidosis.

Mob amyloidosis ("mob plawv txhav txhav") tshwm sim thaum amyloid tso qhov chaw ntawm cov leeg plawv. Nws yog hom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev txwv kev mob plawv. Kab mob amyloidosis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txoj kev hluav taws xob teeb mus ntawm lub plawv (kev sib cais). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv dhia tsis zoo (lub plawv nres) thiab lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm (lub plawv thaiv).

Tus mob muaj peev xwm tau txais kev coj ua. Qhov no yog hu ua kev mob plawv mob amyloidosis. Nws kuj tuaj yeem tsim tau los ntawm lwm qhov mob xws li ib hom mob pob txha thiab mob ntshav ntshav, lossis los ntawm lwm qhov teeb meem kev kho mob ua rau mob o. Mob amyloidosis tshwm sim rau txiv neej ntau dua li poj niam. Tus kab mob no muaj tsawg rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 40 xyoo.


Qee tus neeg yuav tsis muaj tsos mob. Thaum qhia tam sim no, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem suav nrog:

  • Kev tso zis ntau dhau rau hmo ntuj
  • Qaug zog, txo qoj ib ce muaj peev xwm
  • Palpitations (qhov nov ntawm lub siab lub plawv)
  • Ua tsis taus pa nrog kev ua ub no
  • O kev mob ntawm lub plab, ob txhais ceg, qij taws, lossis lwm qhov ntawm lub cev
  • Teeb meem ua pa thaum pw

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob amyloidosis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ntau tus mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua qhov teeb meem nyuaj rau kev txheeb xyuas.

Cov cim tej zaum yuav muaj:

  • Lub suab tsis xws luag hauv lub ntsws (ntsws tawg) lossis lub plawv yws
  • Ntshav siab uas poob qis los yog poob thaum koj sawv ntsug
  • Tshaj caj dab leeg
  • Cov mob qog

Cov kev xeem hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua:

  • Hauv siab lossis hauv plab CT scan (suav tias yog "tus qauv kub" los pab ntsuas tus mob no)
  • Coronary angiography
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • Echocardiogram
  • Magnetic resonance duab (MRI)
  • Lub siab mob ntsws rau qaij (MUGA, RNV)
  • Positron emission tomography (Tsiaj)

Qhov ECG yuav qhia teeb meem nrog lub plawv dhia lossis lub plawv nres. Tej zaum nws tseem yuav qhia cov cim qis (hu ua "hluav taws xob qis").


Kev ntsuam xyuas lub plawv yog siv los ua pov thawj kev kuaj mob. Txoj kev siv xyoob ntoo ntawm lwm qhov chaw, xws li lub plab, raum, lossis pob txha, yog feem ntau ua tiav.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj hloov pauv koj qhov kev noj zaub mov, suav nrog kev txwv ntsev thiab dej haus.

Koj yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj dej (tshuaj tua kab mob) pab koj lub cev tshem cov kua dej ntau dhau. Tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj luj koj tus kheej txhua hnub. Qhov hnyav los ntawm 3 lossis ntau dua phaus (1 phaus lossis ntau dua) dhau 1 mus rau 2 hnub tuaj yeem txhais tau tias muaj dej nyob hauv lub cev ntau dhau.

Cov tshuaj noj suav nrog digoxin, calcium-channel blockers, thiab beta-blockers yuav siv rau hauv cov neeg uas muaj atrial fibrillation. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj yuav tsum siv nrog ceev faj, thiab kev tsuas tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Cov neeg muaj tus mob amyloidosis yuav zam tau tej kev phiv los ntawm cov tshuaj no.

Lwm yam kev kho mob suav nrog:


  • Kws khomob
  • Kev cog lus cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD)
  • Pacemaker, yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub plawv dhia
  • Prednisone, yog yam tshuaj tiv thaiv

Kev txiav txim siab rau lub plawv yuav raug txiav txim siab rau cov neeg uas muaj qee yam amyloidosis uas muaj lub plawv tsis zoo. Cov neeg muaj kab mob amyloidosis mob ntxiv yuav xav tau lub siab hloov ntshav.

Yav dhau los, mob amyloidosis tau xav tias yog ib qho tsis muaj peev xwm ua tsis taus thiab ua rau neeg tuag taus. Txawm li cas los xij, thaj chaw tau hloov pauv sai. Qhov sib txawv ntawm amyloidosis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub plawv ntawm txoj kev sib txawv. Qee hom hnyav dua li lwm tus. Coob tus neeg tam sim no tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav muaj sia nyob thiab muaj lub neej zoo nyob rau ntau xyoo tom qab kev kuaj mob.

Teeb meem yuav suav nrog:

  • Atrial fibrillation lossis ventricular arrhythmias
  • Congestive lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm
  • Kev haus dej hauv lub plab (ascites)
  • Ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv rau digoxin
  • Tsis tshua muaj ntshav siab thiab kiv taub hau los ntawm kev tso zis ntau dhau (vim yog tshuaj)
  • Mob sinus syndrome
  • Cov tsos mob ntawm lub plawv mob conduction (arrhythmias cuam tshuam txog kev txawv txav ntawm impulses los ntawm lub plawv mob)

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj tus mob no thiab tsim cov tsos mob tshiab xws li:

  • Kiv taub hau thaum koj hloov chaw
  • Ntau dhau qhov nyhav dhau (kua) nce
  • Ntau dhau qhov ceeb thawj poob
  • Poob ntsej muag
  • Cov teeb meem ua pa hnyav

Amyloidosis - mob plawv; Thawj tus mob amyloidosis - AL hom; Secondary mob amyloidosis - AA hom; Lub plawv mob txhav; Senile amyloidosis

  • Lub Plawv - seem ntawm ntu nruab nrab
  • Xas cardiomyopathy
  • Siv lub raj xa hluav taws xob

Falk RH, Hershberger RE. Daim tawv nqaij txhaws, txwv thiab infiltrative cardiomyopathies. Hauv: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Plawv Lub Plawv: Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Tshuaj Mob plawvCov. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 77.

McKenna WJ, Elliott PM. Cov kab mob ntawm myocardium thiab endocardium. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 54.

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