Lymphocytes: lawv yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas lawv tuaj yeem hloov kho

Zoo Siab

• Hloov chaw lymphocytes
• 1. Cov lymphocytes siab heev
• 2. Tsis tshua muaj lymphocytes
• Hom mob lymphocytes
• Atlamical lymphocytes yog dab tsi?

Lymphocytes yog ib hom kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev hauv lub cev, tseem hu ua cov qe ntshav dawb, uas ua kom muaj ntau dua thaum muaj tus mob, thiab vim li ntawd qhov qhia tau zoo ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev kev noj qab haus huv.

Feem ntau, cov naj npawb ntawm cov lymphocytes tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav, thiab thaum lawv nce ntxiv, feem ntau yog qhov qhia ntawm tus mob thiab, yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom sab laj ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb los txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem thiab pib kho qhov tsim nyog.

Hloov chaw lymphocytes

Qhov tseem ceeb siv qhov tseem ceeb rau lymphocytes yog li ntawm 1000 txog 5000 lymphocytes rau ib mm³ ntawm cov ntshav, uas sawv cev rau 20 txog 50% hauv cov ntsuas tus txheeb ze, thiab kuj yuav sib txawv raws li kev ntsuas hauv qhov kev sim ntsuas. Thaum cov txiaj ntsig tau siab dua lossis qis dua tus nqi siv, daim duab ntawm lymphocytosis lossis lymphopenia yog tus cwj pwm, feem.

1. Cov lymphocytes siab heev

Tus naj npawb ntawm lymphocytes saum toj no qhov siv qhov tseem ceeb yog hu ua lymphocytosis thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib kis. Yog li, qhov tseem ceeb ua rau cov lymphocytes siab yog:

• Piv txwv, mob ib ce, xws li mononucleosis, polio, qhua pias, rubella, ua npaws lossis hnoos txhaws txhaws, piv txwv;
• Kab mob sib kis, xws li mob ntsws, mob npaws;
• Kab mob siab;
• Hyperthyroidism;
• Pernicious anemia, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsis muaj cov folic acid thiab vitamin B12;
• Kev raug lom los ntawm benzene thiab cov hlau hnyav;
• Ntshav Qab Zib;
• Kev pham;
• Kev ua xua.

Ntxiv rau, qhov ntau ntxiv ntawm cov lymphocytes kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim lub cev tshwm sim, xws li cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov menyuam mos, ntxiv rau kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, xws li vitamin C, D lossis calcium tsis txaus.

2. Tsis tshua muaj lymphocytes

Cov naj npawb ntawm lymphocytes hauv qab no qhov tseem ceeb siv yog hu ua lymphopenia thiab feem ntau muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej ntsig txog cov pob txha pob txha, xws li mob ntshav qog ntshav lossis mob ntshav dawb, piv txwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lymphopenia kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua lub cim ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune, uas lub cev nws tus kheej ua tawm tsam cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li kab mob lupus erythematosus, piv txwv (SLE).

Lymphopenia tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim AIDS, kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los yog kev siv tshuaj kho mob lossis kev kho hluav taws xob, kev mob caj ces tsis tshua muaj, lossis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab, xws li kev mob tom qab thiab lub cev ntau dhau, piv txwv.

Hom mob lymphocytes

Muaj 2 lub ntsiab ntawm lymphocytes hauv lub cev, B lymphocytes, uas yog lub hlwb tsis txaus uas tsim nyob rau hauv cov leeg pob txha thiab tso tawm rau hauv cov hlab ntshav los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov kab mob, kab mob thiab fungi, thiab T lymphocytes, uas yog tsim tawm hauv cov leeg pob txha. tab sis cov uas tom qab ntawd tau tsim tawm hauv thymus kom txog rau thaum lawv muab faib ua 3 pawg:

• CD4 T lymphocytes: lawv pab B lymphocytes kom tshem tawm cov mob voos, ua thawj zaug ceeb toom ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov no feem ntau yog thawj cov cell yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob HIV, thiab hauv cov neeg mob kis cov ntshav kuaj tau tus nqi qis dua 100 / mm³.
• Ly8ho CD8 T: txo qis cov haujlwm ntawm lwm hom lymphocytes thiab, yog li ntawd, tau nce ntau ntxiv thaum muaj mob HIV;
• Cytotoxic T lymphocytes: ua kom puas cov hlwb tsis zoo thiab muaj kab mob los yog kab mob.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev kuaj mob hom lymphocytes, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hom CD4 lossis CD8, yuav tsum tau kws kho mob txhais lus tas li los soj ntsuam yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo muaj mob HIV, piv txwv li, vim lwm yam kab mob kuj tuaj yeem ua rau tib hom kev hloov.

Yog li, yog tias muaj kev ua xyem xyav txog kev kis tus kabmob HIV, nws raug nquahu kom kuaj lub chaw kuaj kab mob uas pom tus kabmob hauv lub cev. Kawm ntxiv txog kev kuaj HIV.

Atlamical lymphocytes yog dab tsi?

Atypical lymphocytes yog lymphocytes uas nthuav tawm ntau yam qauv thiab tshwm sim ib txwm muaj thaum muaj mob, feem ntau kis mob, xws li mononucleosis, herpes, AIDS, rubella thiab qhua pias. Ntxiv rau qhov tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob kis, atypical lymphocytes tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav suav thaum muaj kab mob kis, xws li mob ntsws thiab mob syphilis, kis mob los ntawm protozoa, xws li toxoplasmosis, thaum muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hypersensitivity rau cov tshuaj lossis hauv kab mob autoimmune, xws li tom lupus.

Feem ntau cov naj npawb ntawm cov lymphocytes no rov qab mus rau qhov qub (siv tus nqi rau atypical lymphocytes yog 0%) thaum tus neeg sawv cev ua rau kis tus mob.

Cov lymphocytes no yog txiav txim siab ua kom nkag siab T lymphocytes uas tsim tawm hauv kev teb rau cov kab mob B lymphocytes thiab ua lub luag haujlwm zoo li cov lymphocytes hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Atypical lymphocytes feem ntau loj dua li ib txwm lymphocytes thiab sib txawv ntawm cov duab.