Txhua Yam Koj Yuav Tsum Paub Txog Kev Xeem Kab Mob Coronavirus

Zoo Siab

• Hom kev kuaj mob COVID-19 feem ntau yog dab tsi?
• Yuav ua li cas txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob COVID-19?
• Lawv kuaj mob coronavirus li cas?
• Kev ntsuas COVID-19 muaj tseeb npaum li cas?
• Nws raug nqi npaum li cas los kuaj tus mob coronavirus?
• Nws siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas thiaj li tau txais cov qhab nia xeem COVID-19?
• Ntsuam xyuas rau

Raws li COVID-19 kis mus ntxiv, cov kws paub txog kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem tau hais ntau zaus txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sim tshuaj zoo hauv kev ua kom qeeb kis tus kabmob. Txawm hais tias koj tau hnov ​​txog kev kuaj tus kabmob coronavirus rau lub hlis, koj yuav tsis meej me ntsis ntawm cov ntsiab lus.

Ua ntej, paub qhov no: Muaj ntau qhov kev sim sib txawv xaiv nyob rau ntawd, thiab thaum qee qhov raug ntau dua li lwm qhov, tsis muaj ib qho twg zoo meej. Txhua hom kev kuaj mob coronavirus muaj nws tus kheej ~ yam ~ tab tom mus, tab sis muab tias koj yuav tsis mus kawm ntawv kho mob thiab tias muaj qhov hloov tshiab tshiab hauv kev sim txhua lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau taug qab txhua yam.

Txawm hais tias koj yuav tsum tau kuaj rau COVID-19 lossis tsuas yog xav nyeem txog qhov nkag thiab tawm ntawm kev kuaj mob coronavirus, ntawm no yog qhov koj yuav tsum paub. (Yog tias koj muaj tsos mob, kuj nyeem: Yuav Ua Li Cas Yog Koj Xav tias Koj Muaj Tus Mob Coronavirus)

Hom kev kuaj mob COVID-19 feem ntau yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, muaj ob hom kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb rau SARS-CoV-2, tus kab mob uas ua rau COVID-19. ("Diagnostic" txhais tau tias kev ntsuas tau siv los saib seb koj puas muaj tus kab mob tam sim no.)

Ob qhov kev sim no tuaj yeem kuaj pom tus kab mob COVID-19 nquag, tab sis lawv txawv, raws li Lub Chaw Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (FDA). FDA rhuav nws li no:

• PCR xeem: Kuj tseem hu ua kev sim tshuaj molecular, qhov kev sim no saib rau COVID-19 cov khoom siv caj ces. Feem ntau PCR kev xeem cuam tshuam nrog kev kuaj tus neeg mob tus qauv thiab xa nws mus rau chav kuaj ntshav rau kev tshuaj xyuas.
• Kev kuaj Antigen: Kuj tseem paub tias yog kev sim sai, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antigen nrhiav cov protein tshwj xeeb los ntawm tus kab mob. Lawv tau tso cai rau kev saib xyuas, txhais tau tias kev sim tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv kws kho mob lub chaw haujlwm, tsev kho mob, lossis chaw kuaj mob.

Yog tias koj mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob thawj zaug rau kev sim, koj yuav tau txais kev kuaj PCR, hais tias Amesh A. Adalja, MD, tus kws tshawb fawb laus ntawm Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. "Qee lub chaw ua haujlwm muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, txawm li cas los xij," nws hais ntxiv. Qhov kev sim koj tau muab feem ntau yog nyob ntawm seb koj tus kws kho mob muaj dab tsi hauv Tshuag, lawv tus kheej nyiam, thiab koj cov tsos mob (yog tias koj muaj). "Kev ntsuas antigen tsis tau pom zoo los ntawm FDA rau kev tshuaj xyuas asymptomatic tsis tau, thiab ntau tus kws kho mob yuav tsis xaj cov tshuaj antigen rau ib tus neeg yam tsis muaj tsos mob," piav qhia Dr. Adalja.

Kev kuaj mob coronavirus hauv tsev yog lwm qhov kev xaiv. Thaum ib nrab Lub Kaum Ib Hlis, FDA tau tso cai thawj qhov kev ntsuas COVID-19 hauv tsev, hu ua Lucira COVID-19 All-In-One Test Kit. Lucira zoo ib yam li kev kuaj PCR hauv ob qho tib si nrhiav cov khoom siv caj ces los ntawm tus kab mob (txawm hais tias Lucira txoj kev siv tshuaj molecular yog "feem ntau xav tias yuav tsis raug" dua li qhov kev sim PCR, raws li cov New York Times). Cov khoom siv yog muab los ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab tso cai rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 14 thiab laus dua los kuaj lawv tus kheej hauv tsev nrog lub qhov ntswg qhov ntswg. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, lub swab tau muab tso rau hauv lub vial (uas kuj tuaj nrog cov khoom siv), thiab koj tau txais txiaj ntsig hauv 30 feeb.

Yuav ua li cas txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob COVID-19?

Txog rau hnub no, FDA tau tso cai ntau dua 50 qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob coronavirus uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb koj puas tau kis tus kab mob COVID-19 yav dhau los los ntawm kev saib mus rau qhov muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob-uas yog, cov protein uas khi rau tus kab mob (hauv qhov no, COVID- 19). Txawm li cas los xij, FDA hais tias nws tsis meej tias puas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no txhais tau tias muaj kev pheej hmoo qis ntawm kev kis tus kab mob COVID-19 yav tom ntej. Kev txhais lus: Kev kuaj pom zoo rau kev khi cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau txhais tau tias koj tsis tuaj yeem rov kis tau tus kab mob COVID-19.

Tsis yog txhua qhov kev sim tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob coronavirus pom zoo ib yam hom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, txawm hais tias. Ib qho kev sim, hu ua cPass SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit, saib rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo es tsis yog khi cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Neutralizing antibodies yog cov protein uas khi rau ib feem tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kab mob, raws li FDA. Tsis zoo li kev khi cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo hauv qhov kev sim COVID no tau pom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kuaj mob kom txo tau tus kab mob SARS-CoV-2 cov kab mob ntawm cov hlwb. Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias koj muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo, nws tsis zoo li tias koj yuav kis tus kabmob COVID-19 dua lossis koj yuav tsim tus kabmob hnyav, tsuav yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem muaj nyob hauv koj lub cev, raws li lub FDA. Kev tshawb fawb luam tawm hauv phau ntawv kho mob Kev tiv thaiv qhia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub cev ntev li tsib mus rau xya lub hlis tom qab muaj tus kab mob COVID-19.

Qhov ntawd tau hais, FDA sau tseg tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm nruab nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm SARS-CoV-2 hauv tib neeg yog "tseem tab tom tshawb fawb." Lub ntsiab lus, ntsuas qhov zoo rau ib yam hom kab mob coronavirus tiv thaiv kab mob tsis tas yuav txhais tau tias koj pom meej. (Ntxiv ntawm no: Qhov Kev Ntsuas Tus Kab Mob Coronavirus Zoo Li Cas Tiag Tiag?)

Lawv kuaj mob coronavirus li cas?

Muaj qee qhov sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb hom kev xeem koj tau txais. Yog tias koj tau kuaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiav, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav. Tab sis txhua yam txawv me ntsis nrog kev kuaj mob PCR lossis kuaj antigen.

Kev kuaj PCR feem ntau yog sau los ntawm nasopharyngeal swab, uas siv cov qauv ntev, nyias, Q-ntsis zoo li cov qauv rau cov qauv cell los ntawm sab nraub qaum ntawm koj qhov ntswg, lossis lub qhov ntswg swab, uas zoo ib yam li nasopharyngeal swab tab sis tsis ' t rov qab mus deb. Txawm li cas los xij, FDA hais tias kev kuaj PCR tuaj yeem sau tau los ntawm kev siv lub pa nqus pa / lavage (piv txwv li kev ntxuav qhov ntswg) lossis qauv qaub ncaug, nyob ntawm qhov kev sim. Ib qho kev kuaj antigen, ntawm qhov tod tes, ib txwm coj nrog lub nasopharyngeal lossis qhov ntswg qhov ntswg.

Nyob rau txhua qhov xwm txheej, koj yuav tau sim los ntawm nasopharyngeal swab, hais tias Dr. Adalja. "Nws tsis xis nyob," nws lees. "Nws txawv ntau dua li muab koj tus ntiv tes tsa koj lub qhov ntswg lossis tso Q-ntsis tso rau hauv koj lub qhov ntswg." Tej zaum koj yuav tau txhaws ntswg me ntsis tom qab, thiab qee tus neeg tsis kam mus kuaj raws li qhov tsis xis nyob, hais tias Dr. Adalja. Tab sis qhov kev npau taws tam sim ntawd yog tus nqi me me los them rau lub tswv yim uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txo qis kev sib kis ntawm COVID-19, nws sau tseg.

Kev ntsuas COVID-19 muaj tseeb npaum li cas?

Kev ntsuas tus mob Coronavirus yog nyob ntawm ntau ntawm ntau yam. Ua ntej, hom kev kuaj mob koj tau txais teeb meem. William Schaffner, MD, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab tus xibfwb ntawm Vanderbilt University School of Medicine hais tias "Kev kuaj PCR yog suav tias yog tus qauv kub," "Yog tias koj tau txais lub sijhawm thiab koj qhov zoo lossis qhov tsis zoo ntawm ib qho ntawm cov ntawd, koj yuav yog qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo."

Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigen nrawm yog qhov txawv me ntsis. "Lawv tau hais tsis zoo rau qhov muab cov txiaj ntsig tsis tseeb [lub ntsiab lus kev sim hais tias koj tsis muaj tus kab mob thaum koj ua tiag tiag]," Dr. Schaffner hais. Xav txog ntau npaum li 50 feem pua ​​ntawm txhua qhov kev tiv thaiv COVID antigen tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis raug qhov tsis zoo, "koj yuav tsum txhais lawv nrog kev ceev faj," piav qhia Dr. Schaffner. Yog li, yog tias koj tsis ntev los no tau ntsib ib tus neeg nrog COVID-19 thiab koj ntsuas tsis zoo nrog kev sim tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sai, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntseeg tag nrho tias koj tsis zoo tiag tiag, nws hais.

Lub sijhawm tseem ceeb heev, hais tias tus kws tshaj lij kis mob Debra Chew, MD, M.P.H., tus pab xibfwb qhia tshuaj ntawm Rutgers New Jersey Medical School. Nws tau hais tias "Yog tias koj ntxov ua rau koj muaj mob, koj yuav tsis qhia pom tus cim kab mob uas qhov kev ntsuas yuav zoo," "Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias koj nthuav tawm lig rau kev sim, koj kuj yuav tsis zoo, txawm tias koj muaj tus kabmob tiag."

Wondering dab tsi, raws nraim yog suav tias yog "thaum ntxov" lossis "late"? Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis ntev los no ntawm xya txoj kev tshawb fawb luam tawm hauv phau ntawv kho mob kev kawm Annals ntawm Internal Tshuaj tso lub sijhawm no hauv kev xav: Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis raug-tsis zoo PCR qhov ntsuas tau nce los ntawm 100 feem pua ​​ntawm hnub 1 tom qab kis mus rau 67 feem pua ​​ntawm hnub plaub. Thiab nyob rau hnub uas ib tus neeg tsim cov tsos mob (nruab nrab, tsib hnub tom qab kis tau), kev tshawb fawb pom tias lawv nyob txog 38 feem pua ​​yuav tau txais kev nyeem tsis raug. Qhov kev tshwm sim ntawd txo qis rau 20 feem pua ​​​​peb hnub tom qab pom cov tsos mob - txhais tau tias koj qhov kev kuaj mob coronavirus PCR feem ntau yuav muaj tseeb yog tias koj tau sim nyob ib ncig ntawm tsib mus rau yim hnub tom qab kis tau thiab txog peb hnub tom qab pom cov tsos mob, raws li kev soj ntsuam.

Yeej, qhov ntev koj tos, qhov zoo dua - hauv qhov laj thawj, hais tias Dr. Schaffner. Yog tias koj paub tias koj tau raug ib tus neeg nrog COVID-19, nws pom zoo tos txog rau rau hnub tom qab kis tau mus kuaj. "Cov neeg feem coob uas yuav tig mus rau qhov zoo yuav tig mus rau qhov zoo rau hnub rau, xya, lossis yim," nws piav qhia.

Nws raug nqi npaum li cas los kuaj tus mob coronavirus?

Nws nyob ntawm qhov chaw koj mus. Yog tias koj mus ntsib qhov chaw kuaj mob coronavirus, nws yuav tsum tau pub dawb, tsis hais seb koj puas muaj ntawv pov hwm kev noj qab haus huv, hais tias Dr. Adalja. Yog tias koj mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob thawj zaug lossis lwm tus kws kho mob, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau them nyiaj pov hwm (txawm tias koj tseem tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav tau them tus nqi sib koom ua ke), hais tias Richard Watkins, MD, tus kws kho mob kis kab mob hauv Akron, Ohio , thiab tus xibfwb qhia tshuaj sab hauv ntawm Northeast Ohio Medical University. "Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem hu rau tus lej tom qab ntawm koj daim npav pov hwm thiab paub meej," Dr. Watkins hais ntxiv. (Nov yog yuav ua li cas telemedicine tau hloov pauv thaum lub sij hawm COVID-19 muaj thoob qhov txhia chaw.)

Yog tias koj tsis muaj ntawv pov hwm kev noj qab haus huv tab sis koj mus rau kws kho mob lub chaw haujlwm lossis tsev kho mob rau kuaj kab mob coronavirus, koj yuav feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm them tus nqi ntawm kev mus ntsib tag nrho, hais tias Dr. Schaffner. Uas tau zoo kim nyob ntawm seb koj mus qhov twg (xav tias: nyob qhov twg ntawm $ 20 thiab $ 850 rau ib qho kev xeem, thiab qhov ntawd tsis suav nrog lwm cov nqi uas yuav yog ib feem ntawm kev mus ntsib).

Raws li qhov twg los kuaj tus mob coronavirus, dua, cov chaw kuaj kab mob coronavirus (piv txwv li cov chaw saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv koj lub zej zog) yog koj thawj koom ruam zoo tshaj plaws txij li lawv tau pub dawb. CVS, Walgreens, thiab Rite Aid kuj tseem ua haujlwm pop-up COVID-19 qhov chaw ntsuas (uas yuav lossis tsis tuaj nrog tus nqi tawm ntawm lub hnab, nyob ntawm koj li kev pov hwm xwm txheej). Nco ntsoov saib koj lub xeev thiab lub chaw saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv nroog cov vev xaib kom paub meej txog kev kuaj mob coronavirus nyob ze koj.

Nws siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas thiaj li tau txais cov qhab nia xeem COVID-19?

Ib zaug ntxiv, nws nyob. Nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li ob peb teev lossis ob peb hnub (qee zaus hauv ib lub lis piam lossis ntau dua) kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm koj qhov kev kuaj PCR, nyob ntawm seb koj lub chaw kuaj mob hauv zos li cas, Dr. Schaffner hais. Kev tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv ob peb hnub mus rau lub asthiv kom tau txais koj cov txiaj ntsig - ntxiv, nyob ntawm qhov chaw kuaj ntshav nws tau xa mus rau.

Kev ntsuas Antigen, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig rau koj hauv tsawg dua ib teev, raws li FDA. Tab sis dua, txoj kev no, thaum nrawm, tsis suav tias yog qhov tseeb raws li kev sim PCR.

Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom coj koj cov txiaj ntsig kuaj mob coronavirus nrog cov ntsev ntsev. Dr. Watkins piav qhia tias "Ua tsis zoo txhais tau tias koj tsis kis tus kabmob nyob rau lub sijhawm uas qhov ntsuas tau ua tiav," piav qhia Dr. "Koj tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob nyob rau ib ntus."

Yog tias koj kuaj pom tus kab mob tsis zoo tab sis koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm COVID-19, Dr. Chew hais qhia kom mus cuag koj tus kws kho mob xub thawj seb koj puas yuav tsum tau kuaj dua. (Muaj feem cuam tshuam: Thaum Twg, Koj Puas Yuav Tsum Yuam Tus Kheej Yog Koj Xav Tias Koj Muaj Tus Mob Coronavirus?)

Thaum kuaj pom zoo dua li nws tau pib muaj kev kis thoob qhov txhia chaw thiab muaj ntau txoj hauv kev xaiv tam sim no, tsuas yog nco ntsoov tias nws tseem tsis yog txheej txheem zoo meej. "Tib neeg tab tom nrhiav cov lus teb tiag [hauv qhov kev sib kis no]," hais tias Dr. Schaffner. "Thiab peb tsis tuaj yeem muab qhov ntawd rau lawv nrog kev sim COVID-19."

Cov ntaub ntawv hauv zaj dab neeg no muaj tseeb raws li lub sijhawm nias. Raws li kev hloov tshiab hais txog tus mob coronavirus COVID-19 txuas ntxiv mus, nws muaj peev xwm hais tias qee cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov lus pom zoo hauv zaj dab neeg no tau hloov pauv txij li kev tshaj tawm thawj zaug. Peb txhawb kom koj mus xyuas tsis tu ncua nrog cov peev txheej xws li CDC, WHO, thiab koj lub chaw saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv zos kom paub cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab cov lus pom zoo.

Ntsuam xyuas rau