Cov Kab Mob Ntshav: Cov Ntshav Dawb thiab Cov Ntshav Liab, Platelets thiab Plasma

Zoo Siab

• Cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav mob ua haujlwm li cas?
• Muaj mob ntshav liab rau cov ntshav
• Mob Kev Plab
• Thalassemia
• Polycythemia vera
• Muaj cov qe ntshav dawb tsis zoo
• Lymphoma
• Mob ntshav siab
• Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
• Platelet mob
• Von Willebrand mob
• Hemophilia
• Thawj thrombocythemia
• Nrhiav platelet muaj nuj nqi mob cuam tshuam
• Plasma cell cuam tshuam
• Ntshav cell myeloma
• Yuav kuaj li cas thiaj paub pom muaj kab mob ntshav hauv ntshav?
• Cov kev kho mob rau cov ntshav tsis zoo nyob rau hauv dab tsi?
• Cov tshuaj noj
• Kev phais mob
• Dab tsi yog qhov ntev ntawm kev saib xyuas?

Ntshav mob ntshav muaj dab tsi?

Kev mob ntshav rau cov ntshav yog qhov mob uas muaj teeb meem rau koj cov ntshav liab, ntshav dawb, lossis cov qe ntshav me me hu ua platelets, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntshav txhaws. Tag nrho peb lub xov tooj ntawm tes tsim hauv tus pob txha, uas yog cov nqaij mos hauv koj cov pob txha. Cov ntshav liab thauj cov pa mus rau koj lub cev thiab cov nqaij. Cov qe ntshav dawb pab koj lub cev tawm tsam kev sib kis. Platelets pab koj cov ntshav txhaws. Cov qe ntshav tsis zoo cuam tshuam txoj kev tsim thiab ua haujlwm ntawm ib lossis ntau ntawm cov qe ntshav no.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav mob ua haujlwm li cas?

Cov tsos mob yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb hom ntshav tsis muaj ntshav tsis txaus. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm cov mob ntshav liab yog:

• nkees
• txog siav
• teeb meem xav los ntawm tsis muaj oxygenated cov ntshav nyob rau hauv lub hlwb
• leeg tsis muaj zog
• lub plawv dhia ceev

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav dawb yog:

• muaj kab mob sib kis
• nkees
• piav tsis hnyav poob
• malaise, los yog ib tug kev xav ntawm tsis xis nyob

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm platelet ntau yog:

• qhov nqaij to lossis qhov mob uas tsis zoo lossis maj mam kho
• ntshav uas tsis tuaj yeem ntshav tom qab raug mob lossis txiav
• daim tawv uas doog yooj yim
• piav tsis tau qhov ntswg los yog los ntshav los ntawm cov pos hniav

Muaj ntau ntau hom kabmob ntshav ntawm cov ntshav uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam koj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.

Muaj mob ntshav liab rau cov ntshav

Cov ntshav liab tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau lub cev ntawm cov ntshav liab. Cov no yog cov cell hauv koj cov ntshav uas nqa oxygen los ntawm koj lub ntsws mus rau tas koj lub cev. Muaj ntau yam kev cuam tshuam no, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.

Mob Kev Plab

Anemia yog ib hom kev mob ntshav liab. Ib qho uas tsis muaj cov hlau ntxhia hauv koj cov ntshav feem ntau ua rau qhov kev tsis zoo no. Koj lub cev xav tau hlau los tsim cov protein hemoglobin, uas pab koj cov ntshav liab (RBCs) nqa oxygen los ntawm koj lub ntsws mus rau tas koj lub cev. Nws muaj ntau yam ua haujlwm hauv lub cev.

• Anemia tsis muaj zog: Kev txhab ntshav tsis muaj hlau txaus tshwm sim thaum koj lub cev tsis muaj cov hlau txaus. Koj yuav hnov ​​zoo li nkees thiab ua pa luv vim tias koj RBCs tsis nqa pa oxygen txaus rau koj lub ntsws. Kev noj tshuaj ntxiv rau cov hlau feem ntau kho ua kom ntshav khov tsis zoo.
• Pernicious anemia: Pernicious anemia yog qhov kev tiv thaiv kabmob uas koj lub cev tsis tuaj yeem nqus tau cov tshuaj B-12 txaus. Qhov no ua rau muaj tsawg tus RBCs. Nws yog hu ua "kev puas tsuaj," lub ntsiab lus txaus ntshai, vim nws siv los ua tsis tau thiab feem ntau ua rau neeg tuag taus. Tam sim no, B-12 txhaj tshuaj feem ntau kho tau hom mob ntshav qab zib no.
• Aplastic anemia: Aplastic anemia yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj tab sis mob hnyav nyob rau hauv uas koj cov hlwb pob txha nres ua cov ntshav tshiab txaus. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai lossis qeeb, thiab lub hnub nyoog twg los tau. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau koj nkees nkees thiab tsis muaj peev xwm tawm tsam kev kis kab mob lossis tsis los ntshav.
• Kab mob autoimmune anmoemia (AHA): Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AHA) ua rau koj muaj zog tiv thaiv koj cov ntshav liab sai dua koj lub cev tuaj yeem hloov tau. Qhov no ua rau koj muaj tsawg dhau RBCs.
• Sickle cell anemia: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) yog ib yam uas ua rau cov ntshav liab khiav tsis zoo uas ua rau nws lub npe txawv ntawm cov ntshav muaj ntshav liab uas tsis zoo. Vim tias kev hloov caj ces, cov ntshav liab ntawm cov neeg muaj ntshav txaus los ntshav muaj cov hemoglobin lwg me me, uas ua rau lawv tsis yeem thiab nkhaus. Cov ntshav liab uas muaj ntshav liab tsis tuaj yeem coj cov pa oxygen mus rau koj cov ntaub so ntswg li cov ntshav liab. Lawv kuj yuav lo rau hauv koj cov hlab ntshav, thaiv kev ntshav rau koj cov nruab nrog cev.

Thalassemia

Thalassemia yog ib pawg kev mob ntshav muaj ntshav. Cov kev tsis zoo no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov caj ces uas tiv thaiv hemoglobin ib txwm ua. Thaum cov ntshav liab tsis muaj ntshav txaus txaus, oxygen tsis kis rau txhua qhov hauv lub cev. Organs ces tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Cov kev tsis zoo no tuaj yeem ua rau:

• cov pob txha deformities
• tsam tus po loj
• teeb meem hauv lub plawv
• kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob qeeb ntawm menyuam yaus

Polycythemia vera

Polycythemia yog cov mob ntshav los ntawm kev hloov noob caj noob ces. Yog tias koj muaj polycythemia, koj cov hlwb pob txha ua rau cov qe ntshav liab ntau dhau. Qhov no ua rau koj cov ntshav tuab thiab ntws qeeb qeeb, ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv lossis hlab ntsha tawg. Tsis muaj ib yam tshuaj kho tau. Kev kho mob cuam tshuam nrog phlebotomy, lossis tshem tawm ntshav ntawm koj cov leeg ntshav, thiab noj tshuaj.

Muaj cov qe ntshav dawb tsis zoo

Cov qe ntshav dawb (leukocytes) pab tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kev sib kis thiab cov tshuaj txawv teb chaws. Ntshav dawb cov ntshav muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau koj lub cev kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab koj lub cev muaj peev xwm tawm tsam kev kis mob. Cov kev tsis zoo no yuav cuam tshuam rau cov laus thiab menyuam.

Lymphoma

Lymphoma yog cancer mob ntshav uas tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob lymphatic lub cev. Koj cov ntshav dawb hloov thiab loj hlob tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau. Hodgkin's lymphoma thiab tsis-Hodgkin's lymphoma yog ob hom loj ntawm cov qog ntshav.

Mob ntshav siab

Kab mob ntshav yog ntshav qog ntshav uas ntshav qias neeg nyob rau hauv cov hlwb pob txha mob hauv koj lub cev ntau dua. Ntshav mob tuaj yeem yog ob leeg mob lossis mob nyhav. Mob ntsws mob mus ntev yuav luag qeeb.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) yog ib yam mob cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav dawb hauv koj txoj hlab hlwb. Lub cev tsim tawm ntau cov qe hlwb tsis txaus, hu ua blasts. Lub tshuab tawg ua kom ntau thiab pab pawg neeg tawm ntawm cov hlwb kom zoo thiab noj qab haus huv. Tus mob Myelodysplastic syndrome kuj yuav tshwm sim qeeb los yog nrawm heev. Nws qee zaum ua rau kab mob ntshav siab.

Platelet mob

Cov ntshav platelets yog thawj cov neeg teb thaum koj txiav lossis raug mob lwm yam. Lawv sib sau ua ke rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev raug mob, tsim cov ntsaws ib ntus kom nres ntshav. Yog tias koj muaj platelet tsis meej, koj cov ntshav muaj ib qho ntawm peb qhov txawv txav:

• Tsis muaj cov platelets. Muaj qe ntshav ntau dhau yog qhov txaus ntshai heev vim tias txawm raug mob me me tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav tsis tau.
• Ntau dhau platelets. Yog tias koj muaj ntshav ntau dhau nyob rau hauv koj cov ntshav, cov ntshav khov tuaj yeem tsim thiab thaiv cov hlab ntsha loj, ua rau mob stroke lossis lub plawv nres.
• Platelets tsis txhob ntim cov ntshav kom raug. Qee zaum, cov platelets uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lwm cov qe ntshav lossis phab ntsa ntawm koj cov hlab ntshav, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem tuaj yeem hnav tau zoo. Qhov no tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav.

Platelet ntshawv siab yog feem ntau caj ces, txhais tau tias lawv tau txais los. Qee qhov tsis zoo no suav nrog:

Von Willebrand mob

Von Willebrand tus kab mob yog cov kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas lus tsis sib thooj. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj protein ntau uas pab koj cov ntshav txhaws, hu ua von Willebrand factor (VWF).

Hemophilia

Hemophilia yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws-paub ntshav txhaws. Nws tshwm sim feem ntau hauv cov txiv neej. Qhov tshwm sim hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm hemophilia yog dhau los thiab lub caij nyoog los ntshav. Qhov ntshav no tuaj yeem ua tau sab hauv lossis sab nraud koj lub cev. Qhov los ntshav tuaj yeem pib yam tsis pom tseeb. Kev kho mob cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj hormone hu ua desmopressin rau mob loj hom A, uas tuaj yeem txhawb kev tso tawm ntau ntawm cov feem los txhaws, thiab infusions ntawm cov ntshav lossis ntshav ntshav rau hom B thiab C.

Thawj thrombocythemia

Thawj qhov mob pob txha taub hau yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau kom ntshav nce ntxiv. Qhov no ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm hlab ntsha tawg lossis plawv nres. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim thaum koj txoj hlab ntsha pob txha tsim ntau cov qe ntshav.

Nrhiav platelet muaj nuj nqi mob cuam tshuam

Qee yam tshuaj thiab kev kho mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav ntshav. Nco ntsoov koom ua ke tag nrho koj cov tshuaj nrog koj tus kws kho mob, txawm tias cov tshuaj tsis ntau hauv koj xaiv koj tus kheej.Lub Koomhaum Canadian Hemophilia (CHA) ceeb toom tias cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj hauv qab no yuav cuam tshuam rau cov platelets, tshwj xeeb yog siv sijhawm ntev.

• tshuaj aspirin
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs)
• ib co tshuaj tua kab mob
• tshuaj mob plawv
• ntshav thinners
• tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
• Tshuaj loog
• antihistamines

Plasma cell cuam tshuam

Muaj ntau yam kev cuam tshuam loj heev uas cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav ntshav, hom ntshav dawb hauv koj lub cev ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov hlwb no tseem ceeb heev rau koj lub cev kev muaj peev xwm tawm ntawm kev kis mob thiab kab mob.

Ntshav cell myeloma

Plasma cell myeloma yog ib qho mob ntshav hlwb tsawg uas tsim muaj cov ntshav ntshav hauv hlwb pob txha. Malignant ntshav ntshav hlav hauv cov pob txha pob txha thiab cov qog hu ua plasmacytomas, feem ntau hauv cov pob txha xws li tus nqaj qaum, duav, lossis tav. Lub plasma ntshav qias neeg tsis zoo tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob hu ua monoclonal (M) proteins. Cov protein ua pob txha caj qaum, txhawm rau muab cov protein ua kom zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav tuab thiab lub raum puas. Qhov ua rau ntshav ntshav myeloma tsis paub meej.

Yuav kuaj li cas thiaj paub pom muaj kab mob ntshav hauv ntshav?

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kuaj ntau yam, suav nrog ua kom tiav cov ntshav (CBC) saib seb koj muaj pes tsawg hom ntshav koj muaj. Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem txiav cov hlwb pob txha los saib seb puas muaj qee cov qog hlwb tsis zoo hauv koj txoj hlwb pob txha. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm cov pob txha pob txha me me rau kev sim.

Cov kev kho mob rau cov ntshav tsis zoo nyob rau hauv dab tsi?

Koj cov phiaj xwm kho mob yog nyob ntawm qhov ua rau koj mob, koj hnub nyoog, thiab koj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav siv ntau hom kev kho mob los kho koj cov ntshav puas tsuaj.

Cov tshuaj noj

Qee qhov kev xaiv tshuaj kho mob suav nrog kev siv tshuaj xws li Nuj Nqis (romiplostim) txhawm rau txhawb cov leeg pob txha los ua cov platelets ntau hauv cov platelet tsis meej. Txog kab mob ntshav dawb, tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem pab tua kab mob sib kis. Noj zaub mov noj xws li hlau thiab vitamin B-9 lossis B-12 tuaj yeem kho kho ntshav liab tau vim tsis txaus. Vitamin B-9 tseem hu ua folate, thiab vitamin B-12 kuj tseem hu ua cobalamin.

Kev phais mob

Kev hloov hlwb pob txha tuaj yeem kho lossis hloov cov hlwb pob txha puas. Qhov no suav nrog hloov cov qia hlwb, feem ntau los ntawm tus neeg pub ntshav, rau koj lub cev los pab koj cov pob txha pob txha pib tsim cov qe ntshav li qub. Qhov ntshav ntxiv yog lwm txoj kev xaiv los pab koj hloov cov qe ntshav uas ploj thiab puas lawm. Thaum lub sijhawm ntxiv ntshav, koj tau txais ib qho ntshav ntawm kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm tus neeg pub ntshav.

Ob tus txheej txheem yuav tsum muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb los ua tiav. Pob txha pub hloov khoom plig yuav tsum sib phim los yog ze li sai tau rau koj caj ces. Cov ntshav ntxiv yuav tsum muaj tus pub nrog cov ntshav sib thooj.

Dab tsi yog qhov ntev ntawm kev saib xyuas?

Qhov ntau yam ntawm cov ntshav tsis zoo txhais tau tias koj cov kev paub ntawm nyob nrog ib ntawm cov xwm txheej no yuav txawv heev ntawm lwm tus neeg. Kev kuaj mob thaum ntxov thiab kev kho mob yog txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los xyuas kom koj lub neej muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj lub neej muaj kab mob hauv cov ntshav tsis zoo.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim sib txawv ntawm cov kev kho muaj txawv nyob ntawm tus neeg. Tshawb nrhiav koj cov kev xaiv, thiab tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txhawm rau txhawm rau nrhiav txoj kev kho mob rau koj.

Nrhiav pab neeg txhawb zog lossis tus kws sab laj tswv yim los pab koj daws txhua yam kev ntxhov siab hais txog kev muaj mob ntawm cov ntshav tsis zoo yog qhov zoo.