Aspergillus fumigatus

Zoo Siab

• Txheej txheem cej luam
• Leej twg yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo?
• Cov mob los ntawm A. fumigatus
• Ua xua bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
• Mob ntsws qhuav
• Cuam tshuam rau aspergillosis
• Kho tus kab mob A. fumigatus
• Kev tiv thaiv mob
• Zam kev ua si uas ntxim yuav coj koj mus ntsib nrog Aspergillus hom.
• Noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tsis haum tshuaj
• Kev ntsuas rau Aspergillus hom
• Cov nqa mus

Txheej txheem cej luam

Aspergillus fumigatus yog ib hom tsiaj ntawm fungus. Nws tuaj yeem nrhiav thoob plaws ib puag ncig, suav nrog hauv av, cog nroj tsuag, thiab hmoov av hauv tsev. Cov kab mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov spores uas muaj huab cua hu ua conidia.

Cov neeg feem coob tuaj yeem nqus tau cov noob kab mob no txhua hnub. Hauv cov tib neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau tshem lawv ntawm lub cev tsis muaj teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, rau qee cov neeg, nqus tau A. fumigatus, cov noob kab ntsig tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kis mob hnyav.

Leej twg yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo?

Koj muaj feem ntau yuav pheej hmoo kis mob A. fumigatus yog tias koj:

• muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis muaj zog, uas tuaj yeem suav nrog yog tias koj tab tom noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, muaj qee yam mob qog ntshav, lossis nyob rau theem tom qab ntawm AIDS
• muaj mob ntsws, xws li hawb pob lossis cystic fibrosis
• muaj cov qe ntshav dawb tsawg, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias koj tau kho tshuaj kho mob, yog tias koj muaj mob ntshav nce ntshav, lossis yog tias koj muaj kev hloov khoom nruab nrog
• tau nyob nrog kev kho corticosteroid ntev
• tab tom zoo los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob khaub thuas tsis ntev los no

Cov mob los ntawm A. fumigatus

Muaj mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm tus Aspergillus hom ntawm fungus raug xa mus rau li aspergillosis.

A. fumigatus yog ib qho ua rau mob aspergillosis. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias lwm yam Aspergillus hom kab mob tuaj yeem kis rau tib neeg. Cov hom no tuaj yeem suav nrog A. flavus, A. niger, thiab A. terreus.

Muaj ob peb ntau yam mob aspergillosis, suav nrog:

Ua xua bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Tus mob no yog ua xua rau Aspergillus yub. Qhov kev tawm tsam no tuaj yeem ua rau hauv koj txoj hlab pa thiab ntsws. Feem ntau pom muaj hauv cov neeg muaj tus mob xws li hawb pob thiab cystic fibrosis.

Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• ua npaws
• tsis muaj zog
• qhov kev xav ntawm kev mob nkeeg lossis qhov tsis xis nyob
• hnoos tau cov xim hnoos qeev lossis cov hnoos qeev uas muaj ntshav

Cov neeg muaj mob hawb pob kuj yuav pom tias lawv tus mob hawb pob pib loj zuj zus tuaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog nce ntxiv hauv kev ua pa lossis hawb pob.

Mob ntsws qhuav

Mob ntsws txhaws nqig muaj ntau zuj zus. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg mob ntsws uas ua rau muaj qhov huab cua hu ua cov kab noj hniav ua rau hauv lub ntsws. Cov piv txwv ntawm cov mob no suav nrog tuberculosis thiab emphysema.

Kev mob ntsws qhuav rau neeg mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntau txoj hauv kev, uas tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• cov pob me me ntawm Aspergillus muaj tus kab mob hauv lub ntsws, hu ua nodules
• pob npuag ntawm cov kab mob hu ua fungus hauv lub ntsws kab noj hniav, hu ua aspergillomas (qee zaum qee zaum tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab xws li los ntshav hauv lub ntsws)
• ntau kis tau ntawm ntau cov kab mob ntsws, uas yuav los yog tsis muaj aspergillomas

Thaum tsis kho, kev kis kab mob loj tuaj yeem ua rau daim tawv nqaij tuab thiab txoj hlab ntsws, tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws tsis ua haujlwm.

Cov neeg muaj mob ntsws o qhuav yuav ua tau cov tsos mob li no:

• ua npaws
• hnoos, uas yuav suav nrog hnoos tau ntshav
• txog siav
• kev xav ua kom nkees nkees
• qhov kev xav ntawm kev mob nkeeg lossis qhov tsis xis nyob
• piav tsis hnyav poob
• tsaus ntuj tawm hws

Cuam tshuam rau aspergillosis

Tus mob aspergillosis zoo tshaj yog tus mob aspergillosis thiab yuav ua rau neeg tuag taus yog tias tsis kho. Nws tshwm sim thaum kis tus kab mob aspergillosis hauv lub ntsws thiab kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm koj lub cev, xws li koj cov tawv nqaij, lub hlwb, lossis lub raum. Tus mob aspergillosis no tsuas yog tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob aspergillosis zoo tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• ua npaws
• hnoos, uas tuaj yeem suav nrog kev hnoos tau ntshav
• txog siav
• mob hauv siab, uas tuaj yeem mob heev ntxiv thaum koj ua pa nqus

Thaum tus kab mob kis tawm sab nraud ntawm lub ntsws, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem nyob ntawm seb qhov twg hauv lub cev raug cuam tshuam, tab sis tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• mob taub hau
• o ob lub qhov muag
• los ntswg
• mob tej pob txha
• qhov txhab tawv nqaij
• teeb meem nrog kev hais lus
• tsis meej pem
• qaug dab peg

Kho tus kab mob A. fumigatus

Ib A. fumigatus kev kis tus kab mob tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob vim tias cov tsos mob feem ntau zoo li lwm yam kev mob ntsws xws li mob ntsws.

Txuas ntxiv, kuaj cov hnoos qeev los yog cov hnoos qeev qauv tuaj yeem tsis txaus ntseeg vim tias Aspergillus hom tuaj yeem tshwm sim zoo ib yam li lwm hom kab mob fungal thaum saib hauv lub tshuab tsom.

Kev kuaj mob rau Aspergillus tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• kab lis kev cai ntawm qhov hnoos qeev coj mus kuaj Aspergillus kev loj hlob
• Xoo fais fab ntawm lub hauv siab kom saib cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, xws li aspergillomas
• kuaj ntshav rau saib seb puas muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv Aspergillus nyob hauv koj cov hlab ntshav
• polymerase saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (PCR), uas yog hom kev qhia uas yuav siv los ntsuas kom paub Aspergillus hom los ntawm hnoos qeev los yog cov hnoos qeev coj
• cov kev ntsuam xyuas kom pom ib qho kev tivthaiv ntawm fungal cell phab ntsa ntawm Aspergillus thiab lwm hom kab mob fungal (cov kuaj galactomannan antigen thiab qhov tshuaj ntsuam beta-d-glucan)
• kuaj ntshav tawv nqaij lossis ntshav kom paub meej tias cov ua xua rau Aspergillus yub

Kev ua xua rau tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws ua paug tuaj yeem kho nrog ncauj corticosteroids. Qee zaum koj yuav noj cov tshuaj corticosteroids nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua kom puas tsuaj xws li itraconazole.

Mob ntsws ntsws ntev uas tsis muaj mob taub hau lossis ib qho kev ua si kom zoo li qub yuav tsis tas muaj kev kho mob. Qhov no muaj tseeb yog tias koj tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi. Yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov neeg nodules tsis tu ncua kom lawv tsis txhob vam meej.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm yog siv los kho mob hnyav dua ntawm mob ntsws qhuav, raws li tus mob aspergillosis zoo. Piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj uas yuav ua tau zoo yog voriconazole, itraconazole, thiab amphotericin B.

Tsis ntev los no, cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias muaj kev tawm tsam hauv A. fumigatus rau azole tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov no suav nrog tshuaj xws li voriconazole thiab intraconazole. Thaum muaj mob yuav tiv taus azole antifungals, lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob xws li amphotericin B yuav tsum siv tshuaj kho mob.

Embolization lossis phais kev tshem tawm kuj yog ib qho kev xaiv yog tias aspergillomas ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li los ntshav hauv lub ntsws.

Kev tiv thaiv mob

A. fumigatus thiab lwm yam Aspergillus hom muaj nyob thoob plaws ib puag ncig. Vim li no, nws tuaj yeem nyuaj los tiv thaiv kev raug. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj nyob hauv pawg neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo, nws muaj qee cov kauj ruam koj tuaj yeem ua kom ua rau kis qis dua.

Zam kev ua si uas ntxim yuav coj koj mus ntsib nrog Aspergillus hom.

Piv txwv li suav kev ua vaj, vaj tsev ua haujlwm, lossis mus saib chaw tsim khoom. Yog tias koj yuav tsum nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam no, nco ntsoov hnav cov ris ntev thiab tsho ntev. Looj hnab looj tes yog tias koj yuav kov av lossis quav. Tus N95 nqus pa tuaj yeem pab yog tias koj yuav mus ncig nrog qhov chaw muaj plua plav heev.

Noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tsis haum tshuaj

Yog tias koj nyuam qhuav tau txais kev kho mob xws li hloov khoom nruab nrog cev, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj noj tshuaj tua kab mob tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob.

Kev ntsuas rau Aspergillus hom

Yog tias koj nyob hauv pab pawg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo, kev soj ntsuam ib ntus rau Aspergillus tej zaum yuav pab txhawm rau kuaj pom tus mob ua ntu thaum ntxov. Yog pom muaj tus kab mob, koj thiab koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke tsim kho phiaj xwm.

Cov nqa mus

Aspergillus fumigatus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hnyav rau cov neeg uas lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob los yog mob ntsws. Muaj mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm A. fumigatus thiab lwm yam Aspergillus hom hu ua aspergillosis.

Lub zeem muag rau tus mob aspergillosis nyob ntawm ntau yam, nrog rau:

• hom kev kis mob
• qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus kab mob
• koj tag nrho kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub xeev

Kev nrhiav kom paub sai thiab kho kab mob aspergillosis tuaj yeem pab txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau.

Yog tias koj nyob rau hauv pab pawg uas muaj qhov pheej hmoo tias yuav muaj kab mob aspergillosis, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham. Lawv tuaj yeem qhia koj cov kev uas koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev kis mob.