Acid-Fast Bacillus (AFB) Kev Ntsuam Xyuas

Zoo Siab

• Kev ntsuam xyuas bacillus acid-fast bacillus (AFB) yog dab tsi?
• Lawv siv rau dab tsi?
• Vim li cas kuv thiaj li xav tau AFB kuaj?
• Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum kuaj AFB?
• Kuv puas yuav tau ua ib yam dab tsi txhawm rau npaj rau qhov kev xeem?
• Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev kuaj?
• Cov txiaj ntsig li cas?
• Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv xav paub txog kev xeem AFB?
• Ua tim khawv

Kev ntsuam xyuas bacillus acid-fast bacillus (AFB) yog dab tsi?

Acid-vas nthiv bacillus (AFB) yog ib hom kab mob uas ua rau mob ntsws thiab lwm yam mob. Tuberculosis, feem ntau hu ua TB, yog ib hom mob hnyav uas feem ntau mob ntsws. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lwm qhov ntawm lub cev, suav nrog lub hlwb, nqaj qaum, thiab lub raum. TB kis tau ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus los ntawm kev hnoos lossis txham.

TB tuaj yeem tsis txaus ntseeg lossis ua haujlwm nquag. Yog tias koj mob ntsws (latent TB), koj yuav muaj tus kab mob TB hauv koj lub cev tab sis yuav tsis hnov ​​mob thiab yuav tsis kis rau lwm tus. Yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob TB, koj yuav muaj tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob thiab yuav kis tau rau lwm tus.

Kev kuaj AFB ib txwm tso rau cov neeg muaj tus mob TB. Qhov kev kuaj yuav mus nrhiav pom muaj cov kab mob AFB hauv koj lub hnoos qeev. Hnoos qeev yog cov hnoos qeev tuab uas hnoos tau los ntawm lub ntsws. Nws txawv qhov nti lossis qaub ncaug.

Nws muaj ob hom kev xeem ntawm AFB xeem:

• AFB smear. Hauv qhov kev ntsuas no, koj qhov hnoos qeev yog "smeared" rau ntawm daim iav swb thiab ntsia hauv qab lub tshuab tsom. Nws tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig hauv 1-2 hnub. Cov txiaj ntsig no tuaj yeem pom qhov ua tau lossis ua rau muaj kev kis kabmob, tabsis tsis tuaj yeem muab cov kev kuaj mob tseeb.
• AFB kev coj noj coj ua. Hauv qhov kev ntsuas no, koj qhov qauv coj mus kuaj thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tshwj xeeb los txhawb qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. AFB kab lis kev cai tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm tus mob ntsws TB lossis lwm yam kev kis mob. Tab sis nws yuav siv 6-8 lub lis piam los ua kom cov kab mob loj txaus kom paub tias muaj mob.

Lwm lub npe: AFB smear thiab kab lis kev cai, TB kab lis kev cai thiab kev xav zoo, mycobacteria smear thiab kab lis kev cai

Lawv siv rau dab tsi?

Kev kuaj AFB feem ntau yog siv los kuaj xyuas tus mob ntsws qhuav (TB). Lawv kuj tseem siv tau los pab kuaj lwm yam mob ntawm AFB. Cov no suav nrog:

• Mob ruas, ib zaug ntshai, tab sis muaj tsawg thiab yooj yim kho kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov leeg, qhov muag, thiab tawv nqaij. Daim tawv nqaij feem ntau ua liab thiab flaky, nrog tsis hnov.
• Kev kis mob uas zoo ib yam li TB uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov neeg uas muaj HIV / AIDS thiab lwm tus lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob.

Kev kuaj AFB kuj tseem siv tau rau cov neeg uas twb tau kuaj pom tias muaj TB lawm. Cov kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem qhia tau yog tias kev kho mob ua haujlwm, thiab seb tus mob puas tuaj yeem kis mus rau lwm tus.

Vim li cas kuv thiaj li xav tau AFB kuaj?

Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj AFB yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob active TB. Cov no suav nrog:

• Hnoos hnoos uas ntev li peb lub lis piam lossis ntev dua
• Kev hnoos tau ntshav thiab / lossis hnoos qeev
• Kev mob hauv siab
• Ua npaws
• Nkees
• Hmo ntuj tawm hws
• Kev yuag yuag uas tsis yoo

Tus nquag ua mob TB tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev ntxiv rau ntawm lub ntsws. Cov tsos mob yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb ntu twg hauv lub cev raug cuam tshuam. Yog li koj yuav tsum tau kuaj yog tias koj muaj:

• Mob nraub qaum
• Cov ntshav hauv koj cov zis
• Mob taub hau
• Mob tej pob txha
• Neeg tsis muaj zog

Koj kuj tseem yuav tsum tau kuaj yog tias koj muaj qee yam phom sij. Yog koj:

• Tau nyob ze nrog ib tug neeg uas tau kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob TB
• Muaj tus kab mob HIV lossis lwm yam kab mob uas ua rau koj lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv
• Nyob lossis chaw ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw muaj tus mob TB siab. Cov no suav nrog cov tsev tsis muaj tsev nyob, tsev laus, thiab tsev loj cuj.

Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum kuaj AFB?

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav tau qhov hnoos qeev rau AFB pleev thiab AFB kab lis kev cai. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ob yog ib txwm ua tib lub sijhawm. Txhawm rau hnoos qeev:

• Koj yuav thov kom koj hnoos heev thiab nti qaub ncaug rau hauv cov thawv uas huv. Koj yuav tsum ua qhov no los ob lossis peb hnub sib law. Qhov no pab kom ntseeg tau tias koj qhov hnoos qeev muaj cov kab mob txaus rau kev kuaj.
• Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem hnoos txaus hnoos qeev, koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj ua pa nrog ib qho ntsev tsis muaj qab hau uas tuaj yeem pab koj hnoos tau ntau.
• Yog tias koj tseem tuaj yeem hnoos hnoos qeev txaus, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua tus txheej txheem hu ua bronchoscopy. Hauv txoj kev ua no, koj yuav xub tau txais tshuaj kom koj thiaj li yuav tsis hnov ​​mob dab tsi. Tom qab ntawd, ib txoj kab xia me me uas taws rau hauv koj lub qhov ncauj lossis qhov ntswg thiab tso rau hauv koj cov hlab cua. Qhov hnoos qeev yuav raug sau los ntawm nqus lossis xuas txhuam hniav.

Kuv puas yuav tau ua ib yam dab tsi txhawm rau npaj rau qhov kev xeem?

Koj tsis txhob npaj tshwj xeeb rau AFB smear lossis kab lis kev cai.

Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev kuaj?

Tsis muaj kev phom sij los muab cov hnoos qeev los ntawm hnoos rau hauv lub khob. Yog tias koj muaj mob caj dab, koj lub caj pas yuav hnov ​​mob tom qab qhov txheej txheem. Kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo me me ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab los ntshav ntawm qhov chaw uas coj cov qauv.

Cov txiaj ntsig li cas?

Yog tias koj cov qhabnias ntawm AFB tshuaj lom lossis kab lis kev cai tsis zoo, koj yuav tsis muaj tus mob TB. Tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem txhais tau tias tsis muaj cov kab mob txaus hauv tus qauv rau koj tus kws kho mob los ua kev kuaj mob.

Yog tias koj AFB smear tau zoo, nws txhais tau tias tej zaum koj muaj mob ntsws TB lossis lwm yam kev kis mob, tab sis AFB kab lis kev cai xav tau kev kuaj mob. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kab lis kev cai tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau lub lis piam, yog li koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab los kho koj tus kab mob nyob rau lub sijhawm no.

Yog koj AFB kab lis kev cai coj tau zoo, nws txhais tau tias koj muaj tus kab mob TB nquag lossis lwm hom kis mob AFB. Cov kab lis kev cai tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas hom mob uas koj muaj. Thaum lawv kuaj pom koj tus mob, koj tus kws khomob yuav xaj kom "kev sim ua qhov tsis zoo" rau ntawm koj qhov hnoos qeev. Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv raug siv yog siv los pab txiav txim siab seb hom tshuaj tua kab mob twg yuav pab kho tau zoo tshaj plaws.

Yog koj muaj lus nug txog koj cov txiaj ntsig, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham.

Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov kev sim hauv chaw soj ntsuam, cov chaw siv ntsuas, thiab nkag siab cov txiaj ntsig tau.

Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv xav paub txog kev xeem AFB?

Yog tias tsis kho, TB tuaj yeem tuag taus. Tab sis feem ntau tus mob TB tuaj yeem kho tau yog tias koj noj tshuaj tua kab mob raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia. Kho kab mob TB yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua li kev kho mob lwm yam kev kis mob. Tom qab ob peb lub lim piam ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, koj yuav tsis kis tau, tab sis koj tseem yuav muaj TB. Txhawm rau kho kab mob TB, koj yuav tsum noj tshuaj tua kab mob rau mus txog rau rau cuaj hlis. Lub sijhawm nyob ntawm koj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho, hnub nyoog, thiab lwm yam. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob kom ntev li ntev tau uas koj tus kws kho mob hais rau koj, txawm tias koj xis neej dua. Kev txiav ntxov yuav ua rau kis mob rov qab los.

Ua tim khawv

1. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Cov Lus Qhia Yooj Yim TB; [hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/default.htm
2. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; TB Tsis Huam Uas Muaj Lawm thiab Kab Mob TB; [hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/tbinfectiondisease.htm
3. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Koom Tes Yuav Mob TB; [hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/risk.htm
4. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Kho Tus Kab Mob TB; [hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/treatment/tbdisease.htm
5. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Hansen's Disease Yog Dab Tsi ?; [hais tawm 2019 Oct 21]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/leprosy/about/about.html
6. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas online [Internet]. Washington D.C .: Koom Haum Asmeskas Rau Chaw Kuaj Mob; c2001–2019. Kev Kuaj Acid-Fast Bacillus (AFB); [hloov tshiab 2019 Sep 23; hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/acid-fast-bacillus-afb-testing
7. Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education thiab Tshawb Fawb; c1998–2019. Tuberculosis: Cov tsos mob thiab ua rau; 2019 Jan 30 [qhia tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symcepts-causes/syc-20351250
8. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv UF: University of Florida Health [Is Taws Nem]. Gainesville (FL): University of Florida; c2019. Bronchoscopy: Txheej txheem cej luam; [kho tshiab 2019 Oct 4; hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://ufhealth.org/bronchoscopy
9. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv UF: University of Florida Health [Is Taws Nem]. Gainesville (FL): University of Florida; c2019. Cov pob txha caj dab rau mycobacteria: Txheej txheem cej luam; [kho tshiab 2019 Oct 4; hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://ufhealth.org/sputum-stain-mycobacteria
10. University of Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Tsev kawm qib siab Rochester Medical Center; c2019. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Phau Ntawv Txuj Ci: Kab Mob Acid-Kauj Kab Mob; [hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=acid_fast_bacteria_culture
11. University of Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Tsev kawm qib siab Rochester Medical Center; c2019. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Phau Ntawv Tshaj Tawm: Acid-vas nthiv kab mob muaj ntxhiab; [hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=acid_fast_bacteria_smear
12. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2019. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Kab Mob sai sai rau Ntshav Kab Mob (TB): Xai lus qhia; [kho tshiab 2019 Jun 9; hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/special/rapid-sputum-tests-for-tuberculosis-tb/abk7483.html
13. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2019. Ntshav Kev Lag Luam: Yuav Ua Li Cas; [kho tshiab 2019 Jun 9; hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 5 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/sputum-culture/hw5693.html#hw5711
14. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2019. Txuj Ci Kev Lag Luam: Cov Kev Phom Sij; [kho tshiab 2019 Jun 9; hais tawm 2019 Oct 4]; [txog 7 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/sputum-culture/hw5693.html#hw5721

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xaib no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los hloov chaw kho mob lossis tswv yim kho mob. Hu rau kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.