Kab mob ntsws hauv cov menyuam yaus - zej zog nrhiav

Kev mob ntsws yog mob ntsws los ntawm kab mob, kab mob, lossis hu ua fungi.

Kab lus no piav txog zej zog kev kis mob ntsws (CAP) rau cov menyuam yaus. Hom mob ntsws no tau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus noj qab nyob zoo uas tsis ntev dhau los nyob hauv tsev kho mob lossis lwm lub chaw saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv.

Kev mob ntsws uas cuam tshuam rau tib neeg hauv tsev kho mob, xws li tsev kho mob, feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob uas nyuaj rau kev kho.

Cov kab mob yog cov ua mob ntsws rau cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam yaus.

Cov kev koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem txais CAP nrog:

• Cov kab mob thiab kab mob nyob hauv lub qhov ntswg, hlab ntshav, lossis qhov ncauj yuav kis tau mus rau lub ntsws.
• Koj tus me nyuam yuav nqus tau cov kab mob no ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub ntsws.
• Koj tus minyuam nqus pa ntawm zaub mov, kua los yog ntuav tawm ntawm lub qhov ncauj mus rau hauv nws lub ntsws.

Tej yam txaus ntshai uas ua rau me nyuam muaj feem tau txais CAP muaj xws li:

• Yog hnub nyoog qis dua 6 lub hlis
• Tau yug los ntxov ntxov
• Cov kev muaj mob thaum yug los, xws li daim tawv nqaij nti
• Tej leeg muaj teeb meem rau lub cev, xws li mob chua leeg lossis mob hlwb
• Plawv lossis mob ntsws tam sim no thaum yug los
• Lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob (qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog kev kho mob cancer lossis kab mob xws li HIV / AIDS)
• Tsis ntev los no phais lossis mob

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob ntsws rau cov menyuam yaus muaj xws li:

• Pawv lossis los ntswg, mob taub hau
• Suab hnoos
• Kub taub hau, uas tej zaum yuav mob sib khuav lossis siab, nrog ua daus no thiab tawm hws
• Nqus ua pa, nrog rau lub qhov ntswg nthuav thiab txoj leeg ntawm cov leeg ntawm tus tav
• Hawb pob
• Ntse lossis chij mob hauv siab uas mob heev dua thaum ua pa lossis hnoos
• Tsis tshua muaj zog thiab malaise (tsis hnov ​​zoo)
• Ntuav lossis tsis qab los noj mov

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob hnyav nrog:

• Daim di ncauj xiav thiab cov rau tes vim yog cov pa oxygen tsis txaus rau hauv cov ntshav
• Tsis meej pem lossis ib qho nyuaj rau arouse

Tus kws kho mob yuav mloog koj tus menyuam lub hauv siab nrog lub ntsej muag tsom qhov muag. Tus kws zov me nyuam yuav mloog cov suab nrov nrov los yog ua pa txawv txawv. Kev khawm tes rau lub hauv siab (percussion) pab tus kws kho mob mloog thiab mloog zoo rau lub suab tsis txawv txav.

Yog xav tias mob ntsws yog xav tau kev pab, lub chaw zov me nyuam yuav xoo hluav taws xob xoo lub hauv siab.

Lwm yam kev ntsuam xyuas yuav suav nrog:

• Cov leeg ntshav muaj roj seb cov pa oxygen puas tau nkag rau hauv koj tus menyuam cov ntshav los ntawm lub ntsws
• Cov ntshav kab thiab hnoos qeev cov kab lis kev cai los saib rau tus kab mob uas yuav ua rau mob ntsws dej
• CBC txhawm rau kuaj cov qe ntshav dawb
• Xoo hluav taws xob xoo lub hauv siab lossis CT scan ntawm lub hauv siab
• Bronchoscopy - lub raj xa tau yooj yim nrog lub koob yees duab lub teeb nyob rau thaum kawg muab tso rau hauv lub ntsws (hauv cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj)
• Tshem tawm cov kua dej ntawm qhov chaw ntawm sab nrauv kab mob ntsws thiab lub hauv siab phab ntsa (hauv qee qhov tsis tshua muaj)

Tus kws khomob yuav tsum txiav txim siab ua ntej thaum koj tus menyuam yuav tsum tau pw hauv tsev khomob.

Yog tias mus kho mob hauv tsev khomob, koj tus menyuam yuav tau txais:

• Ua kua, electrolytes, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm cov leeg lossis qhov ncauj
• Kev kho mob oxygen
• Kev kho mob los ntawm kev ua pa kom pab qhib txoj pa

Koj tus menyuam yuav raug mus pw hauv tsev kho mob yog tias lawv:

• Muaj lwm qhov teeb meem kev kho mob hnyav, suav nrog kev mob mus ntev (mob ntev) xws li mob cystic fibrosis lossis ntshav qab zib mellitus
• Muaj cov tsos mob hnyav
• Tsis muaj peev xwm noj lossis haus
• Puas muaj tsawg dua 3 txog 6 hlis
• Muaj mob ntsws vim muaj kab mob txaus ntshai
• Tau siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv tsev, tab sis nws tsis zoo dua li

Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj CAP los ntawm cov kab mob, cov tshuaj tua kabmob yuav muab rau. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis muab rau kev mob ntsws uas tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov no vim tias tshuaj tua kab mob tua tsis tau tus kab mob. Lwm cov tshuaj, xws li tshuaj tua kab mob los tiv thaiv kab mob, tej zaum yuav muab tau yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj mob npaws.

Coob leej me nyuam tuaj yeem kho nyob hauv tsev. Yog li, koj tus menyuam yuav tsum noj tshuaj xws li tshuaj tua kab mob los tiv thaiv kab mob.

Thaum muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau koj tus menyuam:

• Nco ntsoov tias koj tus menyuam tsis nco lub sijhawm nco.
• Nco ntsoov tias koj tus menyuam noj txhua yam tshuaj raws li qhia. Tsis txhob tsum tsis txhob muab tshuaj rau koj tus menyuam, txawm tias koj tus menyuam pib zoo zuj zus.

Tsis txhob muab tshuaj rau koj tus menyuam hnoos lossis tshuaj txias tshwj tsis yog koj tus kws khomob hais tias TSIS TAU. Kev hnoos yuav pab lub cev tshem cov hnoos qeev tawm ntawm lub ntsws.

Lwm yam kev saib xyuas hauv tsev suav nrog:

• Txhawm rau muab cov hnoos qeev tawm ntawm lub ntsws, coj koj tus menyuam lub hauv siab maj mam siv ob peb zaug hauv ib hnub. Yuav ua tau li no thaum koj tus menyuam pw.
• Kom koj tus menyuam tso pa sib ntau txog li 2 lossis 3 zaug toj ib xuab moos. Kev sib sib zog nqus pa pab qhib koj tus menyuam lub ntsws.
• Nco ntsoov tias koj tus menyuam haus dej kom ntau. Nug koj tus kws khomob saib koj tus menyuam yuav tsum haus dej npaum licas nyob rau ib hnub.
• Kom koj tus menyuam tau so kom txaus, suav nrog kev mus pw ib hnub yog xav tau.

Feem ntau cov menyuam yaus txhim kho hauv 7 txog 10 hnub nrog kev kho mob. Cov menyuam yaus uas mob ntsws hnyav nrog mob nyhav tuaj yeem xav tau kev kho mob 2 rau 3 lub lim tiam. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj feem yuav mob ntsws ntsws hnyav muaj xws li:

• Cov menyuam yaus lub cev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm zoo
• Cov menyuam yaus mob ntsws lossis mob ntsws

Qee qhov xwm txheej, teeb meem loj dua tuaj yeem tsim muaj, suav nrog:

• Lub neej pauv hloov hauv lub ntsws uas xav kom siv lub tshuab ua pa (tshuab ua pa)
• Ua kua ib ncig ntawm lub ntsws, uas tuaj yeem kis tau
• Lub ntsws ua qog ntshav
• Cov kab mob hauv cov ntshav (bacteremia)

Tus kws kho mob yuav yuam xaj hluav taws xob ntxiv. Qhov no yog xav kom koj tus menyuam mob ntsws tau pom tseeb. Tej zaum nws yuav siv ntau lub lis piam rau kev xoo hluav taws xob kom pom zoo. Koj tus me nyuam yuav zoo nyob ib pliag ua ntej xoo hluav taws xob tas.

Hu rau tus kws khomob yog koj tus menyuam muaj mob li nram no:

• Cov hnoos tsis zoo
• Ua pa nyuaj (hawb pob, txhoj puab heev, ua pa sai)
• Ntuav
• Tsis qab los noj mov
• Ua npaws thiab ua daus no
• Ua tsis taus pa (ua pa) cov tsos mob uas heev dua
• Kev mob hauv siab uas mob heev ntxiv thaum hnoos lossis ua pa nkag
• Cov cim ntawm mob ntsws thiab lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob (xws li mob HIV lossis kev siv tshuaj kho mob)
• Cov kev mob nkees tom qab pib ua kom zoo dua

Qhia cov menyuam hlob kom lawv ntxuav tes txhua zaus:

• Ua ntej noj zaub mov
• Tom qab lawv tshuab ntswg
• Tom qab mus siv chav dej
• Tom qab ua si nrog cov phooj ywg
• Tom qab tau ntsib nrog cov neeg muaj mob

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv qee yam mob ntsws. Nco ntsoov txhaj koj cov menyuam txhaj tshuaj nrog:

• Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws o
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv khaub thuas
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob hnoos qhuav thiab Hib txhaj tshuaj

Thaum cov menyuam mos hnub nyoog tseem tsis tau txhawm tshuaj, cov niam txiv lossis cov neeg saib xyuas tuaj yeem coj lawv tus kheej mus txhaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau.

Kab mob ntsws - cov menyuam yaus; Kev mob ntsws thoob zej zog - cov menyuam yaus; CAP - menyuam yaus

• Mob ntsws o

Bradley JS, Byington CL, Shah SS, li al. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov thawj coj: kev tswj hwm hauv zej zog muaj mob ntsws nyob hauv cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 3 hlis: muaj kev kho mob cov lus qhia los ntawm Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Kab Mob Tsis ZooCov. 2011; 53 (7): 617-630. PMID: 21890766 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21890766/.

Kelly MS, Sandora TJ. Kev mob ntsws los ntawm zej zog. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 428.

Shah SS, Bradley JS. Kev kho mob hauv zej zog muaj cov kab mob ntsws dej. Hauv: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ. Feigin thiab Cherry Cov Ntawv Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Kab Mob Kis MenyuamCov. 8 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 22.