Protein electrophoresis - ntshav dej

Kev ntsuam xyuas ntshav no yog ntsuas yam protein nyob hauv cov kua dej (ntshav dej) ntawm cov ntshav kuaj. Cov kua dej no hu ua ntshiab dej.

Xav tau cov ntshav ntxiv.

Hauv tsev kuaj sim, tus kws sim tso ntshav tso rau ntawm daim ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Cov protein txav mus rau ntawm daim ntawv thiab qauv sib dhos uas qhia qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm txhua cov protein.

Lawv yuav hais kom koj tsis txhob noj lossis haus rau 12 teev ua ntej kev kuaj mob no.

Qee cov tshuaj yuav cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev ntsuas no. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia koj yog tias koj xav tau tsis noj tshuaj dab tsi ntxiv. Tsis txhob tsum tsis noj cov tshuaj ua ntej tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.

Thaum cov koob tau tso rau hauv cov ntshav, qee cov neeg hnov ​​mob me ntsis. Lwm tus ho hnov ​​tus mob lossis ceg tawv xwb. Tom qab ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj qee qhov thos lossis me me sib duav. Tsis ntev no ploj mus.

Cov protein ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov amino acids thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov protein hauv lub cev, thiab lawv muaj ntau lub zog. Piv txwv ntawm cov protein muaj xws li cov enzymes, qee cov tshuaj hormones, hemoglobin, lipoprotein tsawg (LDL, lossis cov cholesterol tsis zoo), thiab lwm yam.

Ntshav cov protein muaj dej num raws li albumin lossis globulins. Albumin yog qhov muaj protein ntau nyob hauv ntshav dej. Nws nqa ntau lub lwg me me. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ceev cov kua dej kom tawm ntawm cov hlab ntshav mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.

Globulins tau muab faib ua alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, thiab gamma globulins. Feem ntau, alpha thiab gamma globulin protein ntau nce ntxiv thaum muaj mob hauv lub cev.

Lipoprotein electrophoresis txiav txim siab cov protein ua los ntawm protein thiab roj, hu ua lipoproteins (xws li LDL cholesterol).

Tus nqi yog li qub yog:

• Tag nrho cov protein: 6.4 txog 8.3 grams tauj ib deciliter (g / dL) lossis 64 txog 83 grams tauj ib liter (g / L)
• Albumin: 3.5 rau 5.0 g / dL lossis 35 txog 50 g / L
• Alpha-1 globulin: 0.1 txog 0.3 g / dL lossis 1 txog 3 g / L
• Alpha-2 globulin: 0.6 txog 1.0 g / dL lossis 6 txog 10 g / L
• Beta globulin: 0.7 txog 1.2 g / dL lossis 7 txog 12 g / L
• Gamma globulin: 0.7 txog 1.6 g / dL lossis 7 txog 16 g / L

Cov piv txwv saum toj no yog kev ntsuas dav dav rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev ntsuas no. Cov kab ke tus nqi yuav txawv me ntsis ntawm ntau lub chaw soj nstuam. Qee qhov kuaj pom siv cov kev ntsuas sib txawv lossis kuaj cov qauv sib txawv. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj cov kev tshwm sim tshwj xeeb.

Txo cov protein ntau yuav qhia tias:

• Kev xiam tsis txaus ntawm cov protein los ntawm cov hnyuv lossis qhov ua tsis taus ntawm lub zom zaub mov kom nqus cov protein (protein-poob enteropathy)
• Khoom noj khoom haus tsis muaj zog
• Mob raum hu ua nephrotic syndrome
• Scarring ntawm daim siab thiab lub siab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm (ua haujlwm pob)

Ua kom cov alpha-1 globulin muaj protein ntau vim yog:

• Mob voos kab mob
• Mob Cancer
• Kab mob mob mus ntev (piv txwv li, mob rheumatoid, SLE)

Txo alpha-1 globulin protein ntau yuav yog lub cim ntawm:

• Alpha-1 antitrypsin tsis muaj peev xwm

Ua kom cov alpha-2 globulin muaj protein ntau tuaj yeem qhia tau tias a:

• Kev mob hnyav
• Mob o

Txo alpha-2 globulin protein yuav qhia tau tias:

• Tawg ntawm cov ntshav liab (hemolysis)

Txhawb cov beta globulin protein ntau yuav qhia tau tias:

• Ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv lub cev uas muaj teeb meem tsoo cov rog (piv txwv li, hyperlipoproteinemia, tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia)
• Kev kho mob estrogen

Txo cov beta globulin protein yuav qhia:

• Qib qis ntawm LDL cov roj (cholesterol) qis
• Khoom noj khoom haus tsis muaj zog

Nce gamma globulin protein ntau yuav qhia tias:

• Mob ntshav qog nqaij hlav, suav nrog ntau yam mob myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, lymphomas, thiab mob qog ua kom ntshav siab.
• Kab mob mob mus ntev (piv txwv li, mob rheumatoid)
• Mob yooj yim
• Kab mob siab

Txoj kev pheej hmoo me ntsis nrog kev coj koj cov ntshav mus. Cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha sib txawv raws li ib tug neeg mus rau lwm tus, thiab los ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev mus rau lwm qhov. Noj ntshav los ntawm qee tus neeg yuav nyuaj dua li lwm tus.

Lwm yam kev phom sij los cuam tshuam nrog kev kos ntshav me ntsis, tab sis yuav suav nrog:

• Los ntshav ntau
• Tsaus muag lossis hnov ​​nkaus lub teeb
• Ntau cov punctures los nrhiav cov leeg ntshav
  
• Hematoma (ntshav buildup hauv qab daim tawv nqaij)
• Kev kis tus kab mob (muaj kev pheej hmoo me me txhua lub sijhawm ntawm daim tawv tawg)

SPEP

• Kuaj ntshav

Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Protein electrophoresis - ntshav dej. Hauv: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Kev kuaj thiab kuaj mobCov. 6 tus ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; Xyoo 2013: 917-920.

Munshi NC, Jagannath S. Plasma cell neoplasms. Hauv: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, li al, eds. Hematology: Qhov Ntsiab Cai thiab Kev Coj UaCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 86.

Warner EA, Herold AH. Txhais lus rau kev sim ntsuas lub zog. Hauv: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Tshuaj Tsev NeegCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 14.