Hniav - txawv xim

Kev kho hniav tsis zoo yog ib qho xim uas tsis yog xim dawb mus rau xim daj.

Ntau yam yuav ua rau cov hniav yuag. Qhov hloov xim yuav cuam tshuam rau tag nrho tus hniav, lossis nws yuav tshwm sim raws li me ntsis lossis kab hauv txha hniav laus. Txha hniav yog qhov nyuaj sab txheej ntawm cov hniav. Txoj kev tshem tawm tuaj yeem ua tau ib ntus lossis mus ib txhis. Tej zaum nws yuav tshwm sim rau ntau tus hniav lossis tsuas yog ib thaj chaw xwb.

Koj cov noob caj ces cuam tshuam rau koj cov xim hniav. Lwm yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov xim hniav suav nrog:

• Cov kab mob uas muaj nyob rau thaum yug los
• Ib puag ncig yam
• Kab mob

Cov kab mob Inherited tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam qhov tuab ntawm txha hniav laus lossis calcium lossis protein ntau ntawm cov txha hniav laus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov xim. Cov kab mob metabolic yuav ua rau hloov xim thiab cov duab.

Cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj coj los ntawm leej niam thaum cev xeeb tub lossis los ntawm menyuam thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho hniav tuaj yeem ua rau hloov xim thiab tawv tawv ntawm txha hniav laus.

Qee yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov kaus hniav ua kom tawg yog:

• Tshuaj tua kab mob tetracycline siv ua ntej hnub nyoog 8 xyoo
• Noj khoom los yog haus tej yam uas ua rau hniav mob ib ntus, xws li tshuaj yej, kas fes, cawv liab, lossis hlau muaj kua
• Haus luam yeeb thiab luam yeeb
• Tej yam muaj raws caj ces uas cuam tshuam rau tus hniav txha hniav laus, xws li dentinogenesis thiab amelogenesis
• Kub taub hau thaum muaj hnub nyoog thaum cov hniav tsim
• Kev saib xyuas qhov ncauj tsis zoo
• Hniav puas ntsoog
• Porphyria (ib pawg ntawm cov kev ntshawv siab uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj sia hauv lub cev)
• Mob taub hau heev txog cev nqaij daim tawv
• Muaj tshuaj fluoride ntau heev los ntawm cov chaw ib puag ncig (qib dej fluoride ntau heev) los yog haus fluoride dej, tshuaj txhuam hniav, thiab muaj tshuaj fluoride ntau heev.

Kev huv huv lub qhov ncauj yuav pab yog tias cov kaus hniav lo paug los ntawm cov khoom noj lossis kua dej, lossis yog tias lawv tawm vim tias qhov tsis huv.

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho hniav txog cov xim tsis huv. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov xim zoo li cuam tshuam nrog kev mob, koj yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ib yam nkaus.

Hu rau koj tus kws khomob yog:

• Koj cov hniav yog xim tsis pom qhov tsis pom yam tsis pom
• Cov hniav tsis zoo nws kav ntev li, txawm tias tom qab ntxuav koj cov hniav tas

Koj tus kws kho hniav yuav kuaj koj cov hniav thiab nug txog koj cov tsos mob. Cov lus nug yuav muaj:

• Thaum lub discoloration pib
• Cov khoom noj tau koj tau noj
• Cov tshuaj koj noj
• Tus kheej thiab tsev neeg keeb kwm kev noj qab haus huv
• Raug tshuaj fluoride tso
• Kev tu xyuas lub qhov ncauj xws li tsis txhuam hniav kom txaus lossis txhuam hniav heev
• Lwm yam tsos mob uas koj tuaj yeem muaj

Kev noj zaub mov ua kom muaj kev sib cais thiab kev pom zoo uas tsuas yog muaj nyob rau saum npoo av xwb tej zaum yuav raug tshem tawm nrog kev tu lub qhov ncauj lossis ntxuav hniav. Yuav tsum muaj daim npog ntsej muag ntau dua yog siv cov kev sau ntim sau, suav, lossis yas.

Kev sim ntau yuav tsis tsim nyog hauv ntau kis. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tus kws kho mob xav tias qhov kev tshem tawm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev mob, kev kuaj yuav tsim nyog kom paub meej kuaj mob.

Kev kuaj hniav duab hluav taws xob.

Kho cov hniav; Hniav discoloration; Hniav pigmentation; Hniav staining

Dhar V. Kev tsim kho thiab kev loj hlob tsis zoo ntawm cov hniav. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 333.

Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Chi AC. Qhov txawv txav ntawm cov hniav. Hauv: Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Chi AC, eds. Qhov ncauj thiab Maxillofacial PathologyCov. 4 tug ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2016: chap 2.

Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ, Jordan RCK. Qhov txawv txav ntawm cov hniav. Hauv: Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ, Jordan RCK, eds. Qhov ncauj PathologyCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 16.