Tus Sau: Clyde Lopez
Hnub Kev Tsim: 20 Lub Xya Hli Ntuj 2021
Hloov Hnub: 18 Lub Kaum Ib Hli Ntuj 2024
Anonim
History of the Opioid Crisis: How We Got Here
Daim Duab: History of the Opioid Crisis: How We Got Here

Opioid-based tshuaj muaj xws li morphine, oxygencodone, thiab hluavtaws (tib neeg) opioid tshuaj yeeb, xws li fentanyl. Lawv raug kho kom kho mob tom qab kev phais lossis cov txheej txheem kho hniav. Qee zaum, lawv tau siv los kho tus mob hnyav hnoos lossis raws plab. Tus yeeb tshuaj txhaum cai kev sib daj sib deev tseem yog opioid. Thaum raug tsim txom, opioids ua rau ib tus neeg lub siab tus thiab so zoo siab (zoo siab). Hauv ntej, cov tshuaj siv los ua kom siab.

Opioid intoxication yog qhov mob uas koj tsis yog tsuas yog siv cov tshuaj xwb, tab sis koj tseem muaj cov tsos mob thoob plaws lub cev uas tuaj yeem ua rau koj mob thiab ua kom tsis zoo.

Opioid intoxication yuav tshwm sim thaum kws kho mob muab tshuaj opioid, tab sis:

  • Tus kws kho mob tsis paub tus neeg ntawd noj lwm opioid nyob tom tsev.
  • Tus neeg muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, xws li teeb meem mob siab lossis mob raum, uas yuav yooj yim ua rau qaug cawv.
  • Tus kws kho mob muab tshuaj rau pw tsaug zog tshuaj (tsaug zog) ntxiv rau opioid.
  • Tus kws kho mob tsis paub tias lwm tus kws kho mob twb xaj tshuaj noj opioid.

Hauv cov neeg uas siv cov tshuaj opioids kom tau siab, intoxication yuav tshwm sim los ntawm:


  • Siv cov tshuaj ntau dhau
  • Siv tshuaj opioid nrog lwm yam tshuaj, xws li tshuaj tsaug zog lossis dej cawv
  • Kev noj opioid ntau txoj hauv kev tsis siv, xws li haus luam yeeb lossis nqus pa ntawm qhov ntswg (nqus tau)

Cov tsos mob nyob ntawm seb qhov tshuaj npaum li cas.

Cov tsos mob ntawm opioid intoxication tuaj yeem suav nrog:

  • Hloov kho cov xwm txheej ntawm lub hlwb, xws li kev tsis meej pem, delirium, lossis txo qis kev paub lossis lub luag haujlwm
  • Cov teeb meem ua pa (ua pa tawm yuav qeeb thiab thaum kawg nres)
  • Kev tsaug zog dhau los yog ua kom tsaug zog
  • Xeev siab thiab ntuav
  • Cov menyuam me

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas tau txiav txim siab nyob ntawm tus kws zov me nyuam qhov kev txhawj xeeb txog teeb meem kho mob ntxiv. Kev ntsuam xyuas yuav muaj xws li:

  • Kuaj ntshav
  • CT scan ntawm lub paj hlwb, yog tias tus neeg muaj mob chua leeg lossis tej zaum yuav raug mob taub hau
  • ECG (electrocardiogram) ntsuas kev ntsuas hluav taws xob hauv plawv
  • Xoo hluav taws xob xoo txhawm rau kuaj mob ntsws
  • Kev soj ntsuam txog Toxicology (tshuaj lom)

Tus kws kho mob yuav ntsuas thiab ntsuas tus neeg cov cim tseem ceeb, suav nrog kev ntsuas kub, tus mem tes, tus pa ua pa, thiab ntshav siab. Cov tsos mob yuav raug kho raws li qhov tsim nyog. Tus neeg ntawd yuav tau txais:


  • Ua tsis taus pa pab, suav nrog pa oxygen, lossis lub raj uas nkag ntawm lub qhov ncauj mus rau lub ntsws thiab txuas mus rau lub tshuab ua pa
  • IV dej ua kua
  • Cov tshuaj hu ua naloxone (Evzio, Narcan) los thaiv cov nyhuv ntawm opioid rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab
  • Lwm yam tshuaj raws li xav tau

Txij li thaum cov nyhuv ntawm naloxone feem ntau luv, pawg kho mob yuav soj ntsuam tus neeg mob li 4 rau 6 teev hauv chav kho mob ceev. Cov neeg muaj mob me mus rau mob nyhav yuav raug mus pw hauv tsev kho mob 24 mus rau 48 teev.

Yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuam xyuas mob hlwb yog tias tus neeg xav tua tus kheej.

Ntau yam ua rau pom kev txiav txim siab luv luv thiab ntev ntev tom qab kev siv tshuaj opioid. Ib txhia ntawm cov no yog:

  • Qeb kev lom, piv txwv li, yog tus neeg nres tso pa, thiab ntev npaum li cas
  • Yuav siv ntau npaum li cas cov tshuaj
  • Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua kom tsis haum nrog cov khoom tsis raug cai
  • Kev raug mob uas tshwm sim vim yog los ntawm kev siv tshuaj
  • Caw lwm yam mob

Cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv uas yuav tshwm sim suav nrog cov hauv qab no:


  • Kev mob ntsws tas mus li
  • Mob qaug dab peg, tshee tshee
  • Tsis tshua muaj peev xwm xav kom meej meej
  • Tsis khov thiab taug kev nyuaj
  • Kev kis kab mob lossis txawm ua kev puas tsuaj rau lub nruab nrog cev yog los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj siv cov tshuaj

Intoxication - opioids; Opioid kev tsim txom - intoxication; Opioid siv - intoxication

Aronson JK. Opioid receptor agonists. Hauv: Aronson JK, ed. Meyler Qhov tshwm sim los ntawm Cov TshuajCov. 16th ed. Waltham, MA: Elsevier; 2016: 348-380.

Koom haum National ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj lub vev xaib. Kev Siv Opioids. www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/opioids. Nkag mus rau Lub Plaub Hlis 29, 2019.

Koom haum National ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj lub vev xaib. Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb muaj sia ntev npaum li cas? www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/heroin/what-are-medical-complications-chronic-heroin-use. Hloov tshiab Lub Rau Hli 2018. Mus txog Hnub Tim 29, 2019.

Nikolaides JK, Thompson TM. Kev Siv Opioids. Hauv: Phab Ntsa RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Cov Tshuaj Siv Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Cov Ntsiab Lus thiab Kev Siv TshuajCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 156.

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