Mononeuropathy

Mononeuropathy yog kev puas tsuaj rau ib qho ntawm ib qho hlab, uas ua rau poob ntawm kev txav mus los, hnov ​​los yog lwm txoj haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb ntawd.

Mononeuropathy yog ib hom kev puas tsuaj rau lub paj hlwb hlau sab nraud ntawm lub hlwb thiab tus txha nqaj qaum (puas hlwb).

Mononeuropathy feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob. Cov kab mob cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub cev (lub cev tsis sib xws) tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha sib cais.

Ntev siab ntawm lub paj hlwb vim o o los yog raug mob tuaj yeem ua rau mob mononeuropathy. Cov npog ntawm cov hlab ntsha (myelin sheath) lossis ib feem ntawm lub paj hlwb (lub axon) yuav raug puas ntsoog. Qhov kev puas tsuaj no maj mam thaiv lossis tiv thaiv cov cim taw kev los ntawm kev puas ntsoog.

Mononeuropathy muaj feem xyuam nrog qee ntu ntawm lub cev. Qee hom mob mononeuropathy muaj xws li:

• Axillary hlab ntsha ua haujlwm tsis zoo (tsis tuaj yeem txav lossis hnov ​​hnov ​​hauv lub xub pwg)
• Feem ntau cov kab mob puas ib leeg ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm (tsis muaj zog txav los yog hnov ​​hauv taw thiab ceg)
• Carpal tunnel syndrome (cov hlab ntsha hauv lub nruab nrab ua tsis xws luag - suav nrog ua kom loog, tingling, tsis muaj zog, lossis mob hauv tes thiab ntiv tes)
• Cranial mononeuropathy III, IV, zaws lossis hom ntshav qab zib
• Cranial mononeuropathy VI (ob lub zeem muag)
• Cranial mononeuropathy VII (lub ntsej muag tuag tes tuag taw)
• Txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus pojniam nkees nkees ua haujlwm (ploj ntawm qhov txav lossis qhov hnov ​​ntawm ib feem ntawm txhais ceg)
• Kab mob radial ua haujlwm tsis zoo (teeb meem nrog txav ntawm caj npab thiab dab teg thiab nrog kev hnov ​​ntawm sab caj npab lossis tes)
• Sciatic hlab ntsha tsis ua hauj lwm (muaj teeb meem nrog cov leeg ntawm nraub qaum hauv caug thiab sab ceg qis, thiab hnov ​​ntawm sab nraub qaum, ib feem ntawm txhais taw qis, thiab ib leeg ntawm ko taw)
• Ulnar hlab ntsha tsis ua haujlwm (cubital tunnel syndrome - suav nrog rau loog, tingling, tsis muaj zog ntawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv tsis muaj caj npab, xibtes, ntiv nplhaib thiab ntiv tes me)

Cov tsos mob nyob ntawm lub hlwb cuam tshuam nrog, thiab tej zaum yuav suav nrog:

• Tsis hnov
• Tuag tes tuag taw
• Qov caj dab, hlawv, mob, tsis hnov ​​mob
• Neeg tsis muaj zog

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas lub cev thiab tsom mus rau thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Cov keeb kwm kho mob kom ntxaws yog xav tau los txiav txim qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem.

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav ua tau muaj xws li:

• Electromyogram (EMG) txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas qhov hluav taws xob hauv cov leeg
• Kev soj ntsuam kab mob hauv paj (NCV) txhawm rau kuaj xyuas qhov nrawm ntawm hluav taws xob kev ua haujlwm hauv qab haus huv
• Tsom ultrasound los saib cov qab haus huv
• Xoo hluav taws xob, MRI lossis CT scan kom pom kev pom ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev cuam tshuam
• Kuaj ntshav
• Kev tseb tawm ntawm ib ce (thaum mononeuropathy vim yog vasculitis)
• CSF tshuaj xyuas
• Nqaij xyoob tawv nqaij

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob yog cia koj siv lub cev muaj feem rau ntau li ntau tau.

Qee yam mob ua rau txoj hlab ntshav sib tw haj yam raug mob. Piv txwv, ntshav siab thiab ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg ntshav, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ib qho hlab ntshav. Yog li, qhov pib mob yuav tsum kho tau.

Cov kev kho mob yuav suav nrog ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:

• Ntawm lub txee rau tshuaj pleev xim, xws li tshuaj siv los tiv thaiv rau qhov mob me
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov tshuaj zoo sib xws rau mob mob ntev
• Kev hno tshuaj steroid kom txo qhov o thiab siab ntawm cov hlab ntsha
• Kev phais txhawm rau daws lub siab ntawm txoj hlab ntaws
• Kev tawm dag zog lub cev ua kom lub cev muaj zog
• Kev zaws hniav, pob ntsej muag, lossis lwm yam khoom siv los pab nrog txav
• Transcutaneous hluav taws xob cov leeg kev loj hlob (TENS) txhawm rau txhim kho qhov mob hlab ntsha cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib

Mononeuropathy yuav ua rau muaj kev xiam thiab mob. Yog hais tias qhov ua rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem pom thiab kho tau zoo, yuav tsum tau rov qab los tag nrho hauv qee kis.

Kev hnov ​​mob hauv plab yuav tsis xis nyob thiab nyob ntev mus.

Teeb meem yuav suav nrog:

• Kev puas tsuaj, ploj hauv cov nqaij mos
• Tshuaj muaj phiv
• Rov ua dua lossis tsis raug ceeb txog qhov raug mob rau thaj chaw muaj vim tsis hnov

Zam kev ua rau siab los yog mob ntab ntaws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv ntau hom kev mob mononeuropathy. Kho cov mob xws li ntshav siab lossis ntshav qab zib kuj txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim tus mob.

Neuropathy; Raug rho tawm mononeuritis

• Nruab nrab hauv lub paj hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb peripheral

Lub koom haum National of Neurological Disorders thiab Stroke lub vev xaib. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia qhov tseeb feem ntau. www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver- Education-Fact-Sheets/Peripheral-Neuropathy-Fact-Sheet. Hloov kho Lub Peb Hlis 16, 2020. Nkag mus Lub Yim Hli 20, 2020.

Smith G, txaj muag ME. Sab Sij Huam Rau Nruab Nrab. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Tshuaj. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 392.

Daus DC, Bunney EB. Peripheral hlab ntsha cuam tshuam. Hauv: Phab Ntsa RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Cov Tshuaj Siv Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Cov Ntsiab Lus thiab Kev Siv Tshuaj. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 97.