Kab mob hauv

Txha caj qaum yog ib yam kab mob uas ua rau cov pob txha tsis zoo thiab yuav ua rau tawg tau yooj yim.

Txha caj ces yog hom kab mob pob txha feem ntau.

Txha caj ces tsub ntxiv kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha lov. Li ntawm ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo yuav tau ua pob txha lov ntawm lub duav, dab teg, los yog txha caj qaum (pob txha caj qaum) thaum lawv lub neej. Cov pob txha nqaj qaum feem ntau muaj.

Koj lub cev xav tau cov zaub mov calcium thiab phosphate ua thiab ua kom cov pob txha zoo.

• Thaum koj lub neej, koj lub cev txuas ntxiv rau ob leeg rov thim cov pob txha qub thiab tsim cov pob txha tshiab.
• Tsuav koj lub cev muaj qhov zoo tshuav cov pob txha tshiab thiab qub, koj cov pob txha nyob zoo thiab muaj zog.
• Cov pob txha tsis tau tshwm sim thaum muaj cov pob txha qub ntau dua reabsorbed dua li tsim cov pob txha tshiab.

Qee zaum, mob pob txha tshwm sim yam tsis paub meej. Lwm lub sijhawm, pob txha tsis tau thiab pob txha pob txha khiav hauv tsev neeg. Feem ntau, cov neeg tawv dawb, cov poj niam laus feem ntau yuav mob pob txha.

Txhab, cov pob txha tsis yooj yim tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm txhua yam uas ua rau koj lub cev puas ntau tus pob txha, lossis ua rau koj lub cev tsis tau ua cov pob txha tshiab. Thaum koj muaj hnub nyoog, koj lub cev yuav tshem cov calcium thiab phosphate los ntawm koj cov pob txha es tsis txhob khaws cov zaub mov no hauv koj cov pob txha. Qhov no ua rau koj cov pob txha tsis muaj zog.

Ib qho kev pheej hmoo loj yog tsis muaj cov calcium txaus los tsim cov pob txha nqaij tshiab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau noj / haus dej txaus cov calcium uas ntau. Koj kuj tseem xav tau cov vitamin D, vim tias nws pab koj lub cev nqus calcium. Koj cov pob txha yuav nkig thiab yuav tawg yog tias:

• Yog tias koj tsis noj zaub mov kom txaus nrog calcium thiab vitamin D
• Koj lub cev tsis nqus txaus calcium los ntawm koj cov zaub mov, xws li tom qab phais plab

Lwm yam ua rau pob txha tsis suav nrog:

• Ib qho kev poob qis hauv cov estrogen hauv cov poj niam thaum lub sijhawm lawm thiab muaj kev txo qis hauv testosterone rau cov txiv neej thaum lawv hnub nyoog
• Raug kaw hauv txaj vim muaj mob ntev (feem ntau cuam tshuam cov pob txha hauv menyuam yaus)
• Muaj qee yam mob uas ua rau mob ntau ntxiv hauv lub cev
• Noj qee yam tshuaj, xws li qee yam tshuaj qaug dab peg, kev kho tshuaj hormone rau prostate lossis mob cancer ntawm lub mis, thiab cov tshuaj steroid noj tau ntau dua 3 hlis

Lwm yam kev pheej hmoo muaj xws li:

• Qhaj lub sijhawm coj khaub ncaws mus ntev lub sijhawm
• Tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm txog osteoporosis
• Haus cawv kom ntau
• Lub cev tsis hnyav
• Haus Yeeb
• Muaj kev tsis haum noj haus, xws li lub cev tsis nco qab

Tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum ntxov ntawm osteoporosis. Ntau lub sijhawm, tib neeg yuav muaj pob txha lov ua ntej paub tias lawv muaj tus kabmob.

Kev ua pob txha qaum ntawm tus pob txha caj qaum tuaj yeem ua rau mob yuav luag txhua qhov chaw hauv nqaj qaum. Cov no yog hu ua cov pob txha nyem. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev raug mob. Qhov mob tshwm sim dheev lossis maj mam dhau sijhawm.

Nws tuaj yeem muaj qhov ploj ntawm qhov siab (ntau li 6 ntiv los yog 15 centimeters) thaum lub sijhawm. Lub cev tsis xwm yeem lossis lub zwj ceeb hu ua dowager's hump yuav pib loj tuaj.

Daim duab thaij duab DEXA yog txoj kev xoo hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg uas ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm cov zaub mov me me hauv koj cov pob txha. Feem ntau, nws ntsuas qhov ntom ntawm tus txha nraub qaum thiab lub duav. Koj tus kws kho mob siv qhov kev ntsuas no rau:

• Kev kuaj mob pob txha txha thiab txha.
• Kev kwv yees koj cov kev pheej hmoo rau cov pob txha ntawm lub cev puas yav tom ntej.
• Saib seb cov tshuaj kho pob txha ua haujlwm zoo npaum li cas. (DEXA feem ntau rov ua txhua 2 xyoo.)

Ib qho yooj yim qaum los yog lub ntsej muag xoo hluav taws xob tuaj yeem qhia pob txha lossis pob zeb pob txha pob txha lov. Txawm li cas los xij, xoo hluav taws xob yooj yim ntawm lwm cov pob txha tsis muaj tseeb heev hauv kev twv ua ntej seb koj puas yuav muaj kab mob hauv. Kev xoo hluav taws xob tsawg luv tshiab hu ua xoo hluav taws xob xoo hu ua kev soj ntsuam pob txha caj qaum (VFA) tam sim no feem ntau ua nrog DEXA kom paub cov pob txha tawg uas tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi

Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav thiab tso zis yog tias koj tus kws kho mob xav tias qhov ua rau koj pob txha ntshav yog mob, es tsis ua rau cov pob txha qeeb uas tshwm sim nrog kev laus.

DEXA scan cov qhab nia piv rau koj cov pob txha ceev cov pob txha nrog ob tus neeg hluas uas tsis muaj pob txha thiab nrog cov neeg koj hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej. Qhov no txhais tau tias thaum muaj hnub nyoog 80, yuav luag li ib feem peb ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog tsis muaj pob txha yuav muaj osteoporosis, raws li lawv cov qhab nia DEXA.

Kev kho cov kab mob pob txha yuav koom nrog:

• Hloov kev ua neej hloov, xws li hloov pauv koj kev noj haus thiab qoj ib ce
• Noj tshuaj calcium thiab vitamin D pab
• Siv tshuaj

Cov tshuaj tau siv los ua kom cov pob txha muaj zog thaum:

• Txha caj qaum pob txha txha soj ntsuam tau los ntawm kev tshawb pob txha txog pob txha, seb koj puas muaj qhov pob txha lov, thiab koj qhov pob txha lov muaj feem.
• Koj tau mob pob txha lov, thiab kev ntsuam xyuas pob txha ceev qhia pom tias koj muaj cov pob txha nyias, tab sis tsis yog txha txha.

Cov tshuaj siv los kho txha txhawm rau suav nrog:

• Bisphosphonates - cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas siv los tiv thaiv thiab kho cov mob txha caj qaum hauv cov poj niam postmenopausal. Lawv tuaj yeem muab los ntawm qhov ncauj lossis IV.
• Denusomab - tsawg dua cov pob txha poob thiab nce pob txha ceev. Muab los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj hauv qab daim tawv nqaij.
• Teriparatide los yog abaloparatide - cov tshuaj uas ua los ntawm lub cev koj lub cev ua rau cov pob txha ua kom muaj zog ntxiv.
• Romosozumab - ib qho tshuaj tshiab dua rau mob pob txha ntau dua.
  Estrogen receptor modulators.
  Calcitonin - hom uas ua los ntawm ib yam tshuaj hormones koj lub cev ua rau cov pob txha nce ntxiv. Feem ntau yog siv los kho mob sai sai los ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum

Lub sijhawm nyob ntev li cas tus poj niam xav tau cov tshuaj no nyob ntawm nws qib kev pheej hmoo. Cov lus pom zoo suav nrog:

• Kev pheej hmoo txhaws qis - 5 xyoos ntawm qhov ncauj tshuaj lossis 3 xyoos ntawm kev kho IV
• Muaj kev pheej hmoo loj - 10 xyoo ntawm qhov ncauj tshuaj kho lossis 6 xyoo ntawm kev kho IV

Kev tawm dag zog ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv pob txha caj qaum hauv cov laus. Qee qhov kev tawm dag zog pom zoo kom txo qis koj txoj hmoo ntawm pob txha tawg yog:

• Kev hnyav qhia lub cev, xws li taug kev, dhia, ua si ntaus pob tesniv, lossis seev cev yam tsawg 30 feeb, peb zaug toj ib asthiv.
• Tes taw hnyav li dawb, siv lub tshuab hnyav, ncab cov hlua ua ke
• Kev ua haujlwm tshuav nyiaj, xws li tai chi thiab yoga
• Rowing tshuab

Zam kev tawm dag zog uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntog. Tsis tas li, tsis txhob ua cov kev ua haujlwm siab uas ua rau cov pob txha lov rau cov laus.

Ua raws li cov lus qhia no kom tau txais calcium thiab vitamin D txaus:

• Cov neeg hluas hnub nyoog qis dua 50 xyoo yuav tsum muaj 1,000 mg calcium thiab 400 rau 800 Chav Nyob Thoob Ntiaj Teb (IU) ntawm cov vitamin D ib hnub.
• Cov poj niam hnub nyoog 51 txog 70 yuav tsum muaj 1,200 mg calcium thiab 400 rau 800 IU ntawm cov vitamin D ib hnub.
• Cov txiv neej hnub nyoog 51 txog 70 yuav tsum muaj 1,000 mg ntawm calcium thiab 400 rau 800 IU ntawm cov vitamin D ib hnub.
• Cov neeg laus tshaj 70 xyoo yuav tsum muaj 1,200 mg calcium thiab 800 IU ntawm vitamin D ib hnub.
• Koj tus kws khomob yuav qhia cov tshuaj calcium ntxiv.
• Ua raws li cov khoom noj uas muaj cov calcium thiab vitamin kom txaus. Siv cov tshuaj ntxiv kom muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias koj cov khoom noj tsis muaj cov tshuaj pom zoo.
• Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia cov tshuaj vitamin D kom ntau dua yog tias koj muaj teeb meem pheej hmoo rau pob txha caj qaum los yog theem cov vitamin no qis.

(Nco tseg: Qee pawg kws paub tsis meej txog cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov peev txheej ntawm cov vitamin D thiab calcium tshaj qhov lawv txaus ntshai. Nco ntsoov tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob seb cov tshuaj pab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau koj.)

Tso tseg qhov tsis zoo:

• Kev txiav luam yeeb, yog koj haus luam yeeb.
• Txwv koj txoj kev haus dej haus cawv kom tsawg. Cawv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau koj cov pob txha puas. Qhov no ua rau koj pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob thiab tsoo pob txha.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob poob los ntawm cov neeg laus. Cov lus qhia no tuaj yeem pab tau:

• Tsis txhob noj tshuaj uas ua rau koj tsaug zog thiab tsis khov. Yog tias koj yuav tsum coj lawv, ceev faj ntxiv thaum koj nce thiab mus ncig. Piv txwv li, tuav kom cov rooj tog lossis cov rooj tog ruaj khov kom tsis txhob poob.
• Tshem tawm cov teeb meem hauv tsev, xws li muab cov ntaub pua taw pov tseg, kom txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob.
• Nruab teeb rau thaum tsaus ntuj yog li koj tuaj yeem pom zoo dua thaum taug kev hauv koj lub tsev.
• Nruab thiab siv cov chaw tuav kab kev nyab xeeb hauv chav dej.
• Txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv pem teb hauv cov dab da dej.
• Nco ntsoov tias koj lub zeem muag zoo. Mus kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag ib zaug lossis ib xyoos ob zaug los ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag.
• Coj cov khau uas haum zoo thiab muaj pob taws siab. Qhov no suav nrog cov khau khiab. Cov khau uas tsis muaj luj taws tuaj yeem ua rau koj mus ncig thiab ntog.
• Tsis txhob tawm mus nraum zoov ib leeg thaum hnub khov.

Kev phais mob txhawm rau kho mob hnyav, muaj kev xiam oob qhab los ntawm txha caj qaum vim yog txha txha caj qaum suav nrog:

• Kyphoplasty (ib qho khoom siv tau muab tso rau hauv pob txha ntawm koj tus txha nraub qaum kom rov ua kom qhov siab ntawm qhov txha caj qaum)
• Cov pob txha loj dhau (cov pob txha ntawm koj tus txha nraub qaum yog koom ua ke kom lawv tsis txhob txav mus rau ib leeg)

Cov tshuaj kho mob txha caj qaum tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kev txhawm rau yav tom ntej. Cov pob txha pob txha uas tau poob lawm yuav ua tsis tau kom muaj zog.

Txha caj ces tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg xiam oob qhab los ntawm cov pob txha tsis muaj zog. Ntsag pob txha lov yog ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb uas tib neeg mus nyob hauv tsev laus.

Nco ntsoov tias koj tau txais calcium thiab vitamin D txaus kom tsim thiab tswj cov pob txha zoo. Ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv, kev noj zaub mov zoo rau koj lub cev tuaj yeem pab koj tau txais cov no thiab lwm yam as-ham tseem ceeb.

Lwm cov lus qhia rau kev tiv thaiv:

• Tsis txhob haus dej haus cawv ntau.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb.
• Ua kom ib ce muaj zog tas li.

Tshuaj muaj peev xwm kho cov kab mob txha caj qaum thiab tiv thaiv txha lov. Koj tus kws khomob tuaj yeem qhia koj yog tias ibyam twg rau koj.

Cov pob txha nyias; Tsawg pob txha ceev; Cov kab mob pob txha hauv pob; Ntsag pob txha lov - txha os; Compression lov - pob txha tawg; Dab teg pob txha pob txha - txha pob txha

• Ntsag tawg - tawm paug
• Tiv thaiv kev poob

• Ntsaws kev tawg
• Cov pob txha ceev
• Kab mob hauv
• Kab mob hauv
• Ntsag txhav
• Vitamin D los
• Cov txiaj ntsig calcium
• Calcium los
• Pob txha-tsev ib ce
• Hloov nqaj qaum nrog lub hnub nyoog

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Eastell R, Rosen CJ, Dub DM, li al. Pharmacological kev tswj cov kab mob hauv cov poj niam postmenopausal: ib qho kev ua si Endocrine Society * kev soj ntsuam kev coj ua. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 104 (5): 1595-1622. PMID: 30907593 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30907953.

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