Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism yog ib qho mob uas cov thyroid caj pas ua cov thyroid hormones ntau dhau. Tus mob no feem ntau hu ua kev sib txuam ntawm cov thyroid.

Cov thyroid caj pas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob endocrine. Nws yog nyob ntawm sab xub ntiag ntawm caj dab sab saud uas koj lub ntsej muag sib tsoo. Lub caj pas ua rau cov tshuaj hormones uas tswj kev uas txhua lub cell hauv lub cev siv lub zog. Tus txheej txheem no hu ua kev hloov khoom siv metabolism.

Ntau yam kab mob thiab xwm txheej tuaj yeem ua rau mob hyperthyroidism, suav nrog:

• Cov kab mob tuag (feem ntau ua rau hyperthyroidism)
• Kev o (thyroiditis) ntawm lub qog vim muaj mob voos, qee yam tshuaj, lossis tom qab cev xeeb tub (nquag)
• Noj ntau dhau los cov thyroid hormone (nquag)
• Kev tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas lossis cov qog pituitary (tsis tshua muaj)
• Qee qhov qog ntawm cov noob qes lossis zes qe menyuam (muaj tsawg)
• Tau txais kev sim kho mob los ntawm kev sib piv zas xim uas muaj iodine (tsis tshua muaj, thiab tsuas yog muaj teeb meem nrog lub qog)
• Noj ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj iodine (tsawg heev, thiab tsuas yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub qog)

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim suav nrog:

• Ntxhov siab vim
• Qhov nyuaj ua kom pom tseeb
• Nkees
• Nquag nquag plob tsis so tswj
• Goiter (pom tseeb ua kom muaj cov thyroid caj pas) lossis cov thyroid nodules
• Cov plaub hau poob lawm
• Tes tshee
• Thaum tshav kub kub intolerance
• Muaj ntau yam qab los noj mov
• Muaj hws ntau
• Kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem rau poj niam
• Ntsia thawv hloov pauv (tuab lossis flaking)
• Tsom
• Pounding lossis sib tw lub plawv khiav nrawm (palpitations)
• Nyob tsis tswm
• Teeb meem pw tsaug zog
• Poob phaus (los sis lub cev hnyav, nyob rau qee kis)

Lwm tus tsos mob uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog tus kab mob no:

• Kev loj hlob ntawm lub mis hauv tus txiv neej
• Clammy tawv nqaij
• Zawv plab
• Kev qaug zog thaum koj tsa koj txhais tes
• Ntshav siab
• Khaus los sis khaus lub qhov muag
• Cov tawv nqaij khaus
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav
• Qhov muag tiv thaiv (exophthalmos)
• Daim tawv nqaij ua npaws lossis ua haujlwm tawm
• Cov tawv nqaij ua pob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij
• Kev tsis muaj zog ntawm lub duav thiab lub xub pwg nyom

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas lub cev. Qhov kuaj mob tuaj yeem pom cov hauv qab no:

• Ntshav siab systolic (thawj tus lej hauv kev nyeem ntshav siab)
• Txhawb lub plawv dhia
• Tsa cov thyroid caj pas
• Kev tuav tes
• O o lossis o nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag
• Zoo heev reflexes
• Tawv tawv nqaij, plaub hau thiab ntsia ntsia

Kev ntsuam xyuas ntshav kuj raug txiav txim los ntsuas koj cov thyroid hormones TSH, T3, thiab T4.

Koj kuj tseem yuav tau tso ntshav kuaj xyuas:

• Cov theem roj ntau
• Cauj
• Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tshwj xeeb cov thyroid zoo li Thyroid receptor antibody (TRAb) lossis Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulin (TSI)

Kev ntsuam xyuas cov qog ntawm cov thyroid kuj tseem xav tau, suav nrog:

• Lub xov tooj cua hluav taws xob iodine tshaj tawm thiab thaij duab
• Cov thyroid ultrasound (tsis tshua muaj)

Kev kho yog nyob ntawm qhov ua rau thiab mob hnyav.Hyperthyroidism feem ntau yog kho nrog ib lossis ntau yam hauv qab no:

• Cov tshuaj antithyroid (propylthiouracil lossis methimazole) uas txo lossis thaiv cov teebmeem ntawm cov thyroid hormones txaus ntxiv
• Radioactive iodine los rhuav tshem cov thyroid caj pas thiab nres qhov ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj hormones
• Kev phais kom tshem tawm cov thyroid

Yog tias koj lub qog raug tshem tawm nrog kev phais mob lossis rhuav tshem nrog radioactive iodine, koj yuav tsum noj cov thyroid hormone hloov tshuaj rau tas koj lub neej.

Cov tshuaj noj hu ua beta-blockers tuaj yeem siv tshuaj kho mob xws li lub plawv dhia ceev, tshee, tawm hws, thiab ntxhov siab kom txog thaum hyperthyroidism tuaj yeem tswj tau.

Kho tus mob hyperthyroidism. Qee qhov ua rau ploj mus yam tsis tau kho.

Hyperthyroidism tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob Graves feem ntau mob heev dhau sijhawm. Nws muaj ntau yam kev nyuaj, qee qhov qee qhov hnyav thiab cuam tshuam lub neej zoo.

Lub qog txom nyem ntsws (cua daj cua dub) yog ib qho kev tshwm sim sai sai ntawm hyperthyroidism cov tsos mob uas yuav tshwm sim nrog kev kis mob lossis kev ntxhov siab. Kub taub hau, tsis meej pem, thiab mob plab kuj yuav tshwm sim. Cov tib neeg yuav tsum tau mus kho hauv tsev kho mob.

Lwm yam kev cuam tshuam ntawm hyperthyroidism suav nrog:

• Cov teeb meem hauv lub plawv xws li lub plawv dhia ceev, lub plawv khiav ceev, thiab lub plawv dhia
• Kab mob hauv
• Kab mob qhov muag (ob lub zeem muag, mob tawm ntawm lub qhov muag, pom kev tsis pom kev)

Kev phais mob ntsig txog teeb meem, suav nrog:

• Scarring ntawm caj dab
• Ua rau lub cev tsis txias vim cov hlab ntaws ua lub thawv rau lub suab
• Qes calcium qis vim kev puas tsuaj rau cov qog parathyroid (nyob ze rau ntawm lub qog caj pas)
• Hypothyroidism (tsis zoo li lub qog)

Kev siv luam yeeb yuav ua rau qee qhov mob ntxiv ntawm hyperthyroidism.

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj tsos mob hyperthyroidism. Mus rau chav kub ceev lossis hu rau 911 lossis tus npawb xovtooj xwm txheej kub ntxhov ceev hauv nroog yog koj muaj:

• Hloov hauv kev nco qab
• Kiv taub hau
• Lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, tsis ncaj ncees

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj raug kho rau hyperthyroidism thiab koj tsim muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tsis ua haujlwm tsis txaus, xws li:

• Kev Nyuaj Siab
• Kev nyuaj siab thiab lub cev qeeb
• Qhov hnyav nce

Thyrotoxicosis; Lub cev muaj zog cov thyroid; Graves tus kab mob - hyperthyroidism; Mob thyroiditis - hyperthyroidism; Cov tshuaj ua kom muaj kuab lom - hyperthyroidism; Cov thyroid nodules - hyperthyroidism; Cov thyroid hormones - hyperthyroidism

• Cov thyroid caj pas tshem tawm - tawm

• Cov qog endocrine
• Mus Nyob
• Lub paj hlwb-lub qog txuas
• Lub qog ua haujlwm

Hollenberg A, Wiersinga WM. Cov mob hyperthyroid. Hauv: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Phau Ntawv ntawm EndocrinologyCov. Xab 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 12.

Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, li al. 2016 American Thyroid Association cov lus qhia rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm hyperthyroidism thiab lwm yam ua rau thyrotoxicosis. Lub qogCov. 2016; 26 (10): 1343-1421. PMID: 27521067 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27521067/.

Wang TS, Sosa JA. Kev tswj hwm ntawm hyperthyroidism. Hauv: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, eds. Kev Kho Mob Tam Sim No. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 767-774.

Weiss RE, Refetoff S. Cov thyroid muaj nuj nqi kuaj. Hauv: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, li al, eds. Endocrinology: Cov Neeg Loj thiab PediatricCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 78.