Tus Sau: Randy Alexander
Hnub Kev Tsim: 25 Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj 2021
Hloov Hnub: 1 Lub Kaum Ib Hli Ntuj 2024
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Ubiquitin Yog Dab Tsi thiab Vim Li Cas Nws Tseem Ceeb? - Noj Qab Haus Huv
Ubiquitin Yog Dab Tsi thiab Vim Li Cas Nws Tseem Ceeb? - Noj Qab Haus Huv

Zoo Siab

Ubiquitin yog ib qho me me, 76-amino acid, ntxawg protein uas tau tshawb pom xyoo 1975. Tam sim no muaj nyob hauv txhua lub hlwb eukaryotic, tswj kev txav ntawm cov protein tseem ceeb hauv lub cell, koom nrog ob qho kev sib txuas ntawm cov protein tshiab thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov protein tsis zoo.

Eukaryotic hlwb

Pom nyob rau hauv txhua lub hlwb eukaryotic nrog tib qho amino acid sib lawv liag, ubiquitin tau hloov pauv tsis txawv los ntawm kev hloov zuj zus. Eukaryotic cell, uas tawm tsam cov hlwb prokaryotic, yog cov complex thiab muaj cov keeb thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, sib cais los ntawm daim nyias nyias.

Eukaryotic cells ua cov nroj tsuag, fungi, thiab tsiaj txhu, thaum lub hlwb prokaryotic ua cov kab mob yooj yim xws li kab mob.

Ubiquitin ua dab tsi?

Cov keeb ntawm koj lub cev tsim thiab zom cov protein kom nrawm heev. Ubiquitin txuas rau cov protein, sauging lawv rau pov tseg. Tus txheej txheem no yog hu ua ubiquitination.

Tagged cov nqaijrog yog coj mus rau proteasomes pov tseg kom raug pov tseg. Tsuas yog ua ntej cov protein nkag mus rau hauv cov proteasome, ubiquitin raug txiav tawm kom rov siv dua.


Nyob rau xyoo 2004, Nobel nqi zog hauv Chemistry tau muab rau Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, thiab Irwin Rose rau kev tshawb pom ntawm cov txheej txheem no, hu ua ubiquitin mediated degradation (proteolysis).

Vim li cas thiaj li ubiquitin tseem ceeb?

Raws li nws txoj haujlwm, ubiquitin tau kawm txog lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tuaj yeem kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov kws kho mob tsom rau qee yam tsis xwm yeem hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer uas ua rau lawv nyob taus. Lub hom phiaj yog siv ubiquitin los tswj cov protein hauv qog nqaij hlav cancer ua rau cov cell mob cancer tuag.

Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ubiquitin tau coj mus rau kev txhim kho ntawm peb tus proteasome inhibitors tau pom zoo los ntawm Lub Chaw Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (FDA) los kho cov neeg muaj ntau tus mob myeloma, ib daim ntawv ntawm cov mob ntshav:

  • bortezomib (Velcade)
  • carfilzomib (Kyprolis)
  • ixazomib (Ninlaro)

Puas yuav siv ubiquitin los kho lwm yam mob?

Raws li National Cancer Institute, cov kws tshawb nrhiav kawm txog ubiquitin hauv kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub cev kev puas siab ntsws, kab mob plawv, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam. Lawv tau tsom mus rau ntau qhov ntawm ubiquitin, suav nrog:


  • kev tswj hwm kev ciaj sia thiab kev tuag ntawm cov mob hlwb
  • nws txoj kev sib raug rau kev ntxhov siab
  • nws lub luag haujlwm ntawm mitochondria thiab nws cuam tshuam nrog tus kabmob

Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau tshawb xyuas kev siv ubiquitin hauv kev siv tshuaj cellular:

  • Ib qho kev tawm tswv yim hais tias ubiquitin tseem koom nrog lwm cov txheej txheem ntawm tes, xws li kev ua kom tawg ntawm nuclear factor-κB (NF-)B) cov lus teb thiab kho DNA kom puas.
  • Ib qho kev xav hais tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov system ubiquitin tuaj yeem ua rau neurodegenerative ntshawv siab thiab lwm yam kab mob ntawm tib neeg. Txoj kev tshawb fawb no tseem qhia tau tias qhov system ubiquitin koom nrog hauv kev txhim kho ntawm cov mob thiab mob ua paug, xws li mob caj dab thiab psoriasis.
  • Ib qho kev tawm tswv yim hais tias ntau hom kab mob, suav nrog tus kabmob npaws A (IAV), tsim kev kis kabmob los ntawm kev noj dua ubiquitination.

Txawm li cas los xij, vim hais tias nws muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab cov xwm txheej uas nyuaj, cov txheej txheem tom qab lub cev thiab pathophysiological ua ntawm qhov ubiquitin tsis tau to taub tag nrho.


Cov nqa mus

Ubiquitin ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov protein ntau ntawm qib cev. Cov kws kho mob ntseeg tias nws muaj kev cia siab rau ntau lub hom phiaj kev kho mob ntawm tes.

Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ubiquitin twb tau coj mus rau kev txhim kho tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam mob myeloma, uas yog ib hom mob cancer. Cov tshuaj no suav nrog bortezomib (Velcade), carfilzomib (Kyprolis), thiab ixazomib (Ninlaro).

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