Qhov txawv ntawm Thrombosis thiab Embolism yog dab tsi?

Zoo Siab

• Cov tsos mob
• Venous thrombosis
• Pulmonary embolism
• Arterial thrombosis
• Dab tsi ua kom muaj kev thaiv cov hlab ntshav?
• Kev kuaj mob
• Kev Kho Mob
• Teeb meem
• Outlook

Txheej txheem cej luam

Thrombosis thiab embolism sib koom ntau yam zoo sib xws, tab sis lawv muaj qhov tsis zoo. Thrombosis tshwm sim thaum lub thrombus, lossis ntshav txhaws, txhim kho hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab txo cov ntshav kev hla lub nkoj. Embolism tshwm sim thaum ib daig ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, khoom txawv teb chaws, lossis lwm yam khoom hauv lub cev yuav daig hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam qhov ntshav ntws.

Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws, thromboembolism, hais txog kev txo qis ntshav ntws uas yog tshwj xeeb los ntawm embolism los ntawm ntshav txhaws.

Coob tus neeg muaj mob ntshav txhaws, thiab muaj ntau yam thiab ua rau thrombosis thiab embolism. Qhov thaiv cov ntshav nyob hauv txoj hlab ntshav tob, txoj hlab ntshav loj, lossis hlab ntsws (ntsws) yog cov muaj kev phom sij txog kev noj qab haus huv tshaj plaws. Raws li muaj coob tus neeg tuag nyob rau txhua xyoo los ntawm kev mob ntsws txoj hlab ntshav khov (DVT) lossis mob ntsws ntsws.

Nyeem rau kom paub ntau ntxiv txog cov mob no.

Cov tsos mob

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob thrombosis thiab embolism nyob ntawm:

• hom ntshav hlab ntsha koom nrog
• qhov chaw nyob
• cuam ​​tshuam rau cov ntshav ntws

Cov leeg me me thiab cov ntshav liab uas tsis thaiv cov hlab ntshav ntau yuav tsis ua mob. ntawm cov neeg uas tau txais DVT tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tag nrho cov. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem loj tuaj yeem tshaib plab cov nqaij mos thiab ntshav kom zoo, ua rau muaj mob thiab thaum kawg cov ntaub so ntswg tuag.

Venous thrombosis

Hlab ntsha yog cov hlab ntsha ua lub luag haujlwm xa ntshav rov qab rau lub plawv rau kev rov ua kom tiav. Thaum cov hlab ntsha los yog embolus thaiv qhov loj lossis sib zog ntawm cov leeg ntshav, ntshav pas hla tom qab ntawm qhov khis, ua rau mob o. Txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob txhua qhov chaw, feem ntau ntawm cov mob ntawm cov leeg ntshav muaj txoj leeg ntshav khov ntawm ob txhais ceg qis. Blockages uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov me me los sis dag rau cov leeg ntshav tsis ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam loj.

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm pob txha mos muaj xws li:

• mob thiab rhiab
• liab lossis heev
• o, feem ntau ncig ntawm pob taws, hauv caug, lossis ko taw

Qhov chaw tiv thaiv tseem yuav sov rau qhov kov.

Pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary embolism (PE) tshwm sim thaum ib daig ntshav txhaws dawb thiab taug kev los ntawm cov ntshav khiav mus rau hauv lub ntsws. Nws ces ua lawm nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntshav. Nws tau nquag koom nrog rau DVT.

Pulmonary embolism tuaj yeem ua rau txaus ntshai thiab tshwm sim sai heev. Txog ntawm kev mob ntsws pulmonary embolism, kev tuag sai li sai tau yog thawj tus tsos mob. Nrhiav kev kho mob sai sai yog tias koj xav tias PE.

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm PE muaj xws li:

• teeb meem ua pa
• pa ceev heev
• kiv taub hau thiab lub teeb-hau
• lub plawv dhia ceev ceev
• mob hauv siab uas mob heev dua thaum ua pa hauv
• hnoos tau ntshav
• dua tawm

Arterial thrombosis

Arterial thrombosis feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog txoj kev mob atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis yog kev txhim kho cov quav hniav, lossis cov rog ua tawv tawv, ntawm cov phab ntsa sab hauv. Cov quav ua rau cov leeg nqaim. Qhov no nce ntxiv hauv lub siab ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Yog tias qhov kev cuam tshuam no dhau los ua lub siab hnyav, cov quav hniav tuaj yeem ua qhov tsis khov thiab tawg.

Qee lub sij hawm thaum cov quav hniav tawg ua rau lub zog tiv thaiv tsis dhau. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau txhim kho cov ntshav khov thiab ua rau muaj mob muaj sia, xws li mob plawv lossis mob stroke.

Nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm txoj hlab ntshav xws li:

• mob hauv siab uas ib txwm tshwm sim los, xws li thaum koj so, thiab yuav tsis teb tshuaj
• txog siav lossis ua tsis taus pa
• hws
• xeev siab
• nqua lossis thaj chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas dhau los ua txias, sib dua hauv cov xim dua li ib txwm, thiab mob heev
• piav tau poob ntawm cov leeg ib leeg tsis muaj zog
• tsawg feem ntawm lub ntsej muag swb rau ib sab

Dab tsi ua kom muaj kev thaiv cov hlab ntshav?

Thaum cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa raug mob, cov qe ntshav ntshav, hu ua platelets thiab protein, tsim cov thooj khov loj rau ntawm lub qhov txhab. Qhov loj no hu ua thrombus, lossis ntshav txhaws. Cov pob txha caj dab pab kaw qhov chaw raug mob kom txwv tsis txhob los ntshav thiab tiv thaiv nws thaum kho. Qhov no zoo ib yam li kiav txhab ntawm qhov txhab sab nraud.

Thaum lub qhov txhab zoo zoo lawm, feem ntau cov ntshav txhaws lawv tus kheej tag lawm. Qee zaum, txawm li cas los xij, cov ntshav txhaws teeb meem cia li, yuav tsis yaj, lossis loj heev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij txog kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm kev txo cov ntshav txaus thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis tuag rau cov ntaub so ntswg uas koom nrog.

Embolisms kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lwm yam tshuaj raug cuam tshuam rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, xws li cua npuas, cov roj molecules rog, lossis cov khoom noj ntawm cov quav hniav.

Kev kuaj mob

Tsis muaj ib qho kev kuaj tshwj xeeb uas siv los kuaj mob thrombosis thiab embolism, txawm hais tias duplex ultrasound, lossis siv cov suab sib dhos los tsim cov duab ntawm cov ntshav ntws, feem ntau siv.

Lwm txoj kev kuaj mob uas yuav raug siv los pab txheeb xyuas lossis ntsuas ntshav txhaws lossis cov ntshav txhaws tsis suav nrog:

• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), lossis xam tomography (CT) scans
• kuaj ntshav
• venography, thaum ntshav txhaws yog xav hauv txoj hlab ntshav
• arteriogram, thaum lub txhaws xav tias hauv cov leeg ntshav
• kev ntsuam xyuas lub plawv thiab lub ntsws, xws li cov roj ntsha cov leeg ntshav lossis muaj pa ua pa tawm ntawm lub ntsws los ntawm lub ntsws

Kev Kho Mob

Feem ntau, kev kho mob nyob ntawm hom, qhov twg, thiab qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov ntshav txhaws lossis khis.

Cov tshuaj kho mob siv los kho thrombosis thiab embolism suav nrog:

• tshuaj thrombolytic uas pab yaj tawm
• anticoagulant tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav txhaws tsis yooj yim
• catheter-direct thrombolysis, uas yog phais qhov twg ntev, hu ua catheter, muab cov tshuaj thrombolytic ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntshav khov
• thrombectomy, los yog phais ua kom tshem tawm cov plhaws
• ua tsis tau zoo rau cov ntxaij lim dej me me, lossis cov khoom me me ntawm cov kws phais tau muab tso rau hauv cov ntshav txhaws kom ntes emboli thiab tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob kis mus rau lub siab thiab tom qab ntawd cov ntsws

Qee yam hauv lub neej pauv hloov lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem pab kho cov ntshav txhaws lossis txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua kom muaj mob.

Cov hauv qab no yuav pab tiv thaiv kom ntshav txhaws lossis kev tav kev:

• tswj lub cev nyhav thiab kev noj haus zoo
• txiav luam yeeb thiab haus dej caw
• kev tawm dag zog
• nyob hydrated
• zam lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev zaum lossis inactivity
• kho tus mob huam
• tswj cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav tsis txaus
• noj ntshav siab thiab roj cholesterol tshuaj raws li koj tus kws kho mob hais
• tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev siv tshuaj los kho cov tshuaj estrogen
• siv cov khoom siv cav xws li cov thom khwm compression lossis cuam tshuam pneumatic compression twj
• ua kom koj ob txhais ceg tsa siab thaum zaum
• Nco ntsoov tias koj tus kws kho mob paub txog keeb kwm lossis tsev neeg keeb kwm cov ntshav txhaws lossis ntshav txhaws
• ncab koj txhais taw thiab txhais ceg leeg txhua hnub
• hnav cov khaub ncaws xoob tuaj nrog

Teeb meem

Cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog ob qho tib si thrombosis thiab embolism sib txawv raws li:

• qhov twg ntawm kev thaiv
• qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov thooj
• cas nws twb daig lawm
• lwm yam mob

Embolism feem ntau suav tias yog qhov phom sij ntau dua li mob sib khuav ntawm cov mob thrombosis vim embolism cuam tshuam rau txoj hlab ntshav tag nrho.

Lwm yam teeb meem ntawm cov mob loj txog rau mob hnyav ntawm thrombosis thiab embolism suav nrog:

• o tuaj
• kev mob
• qhuav, ntxiab daim tawv nqaij
• tawv nqaij ntxiv
• dilated los yog veins leeg, xws li kab laug sab-web lossis varicose leeg
• ntaub so ntswg puas
• mob plawv lossis mob stroke
• hloov khoom nruab nrog cev
• poob ntawm qhov muag
• lub hlwb lossis lub plawv raug mob
• mob rwj

Outlook

Rau cov mob me ntawm thrombosis thiab embolism, cov tsos mob yuav daws tau li ntawm ob peb hnub mus rau lub lis piam ntawm kev noj tshuaj thiab kev ua neej hloov. Qhov tshwm sim rau cov kev muaj mob hnyav feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov hom, qhov twg, thiab qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov ntshav khov los yog khis.

Txog ntawm cov neeg muaj DVT muaj teeb meem mus sij hawm ntev, feem ntau cuam tshuam txog txo ntshav tsawg. Nyob ib ncig ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev sib xyaw nrog DVT thiab PE txhim kho cov quav tshiab tsis pub dhau 10 xyoo.