Superbacteria: lawv yog dab tsi, lawv yog dab tsi thiab yuav kho li cas

Zoo Siab

• Lub ntsiab superbugs
• Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
• Yuav kho tus mob li cas
• Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug

Superbacteria yog cov kab mob uas tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob vim kev siv tsis raug ntawm cov tshuaj no, thiab tseem muaj lub npe hu ua kab mob multidrug-resistant. Kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob tsis yog lossis tas li tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev hloov pauv thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab kev yoog cov kab mob no tawm tsam cov tshuaj tua kab mob, ua rau kev kho mob nyuaj.

Superbacteria muaj ntau dua nyob hauv tsev kho mob ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov chav ua haujlwm thiab Lub Tsev Kho Mob Loj (ICU), vim tias cov neeg tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tus neeg mob lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, qhov pom ntawm superbugs tseem cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem ua nyob rau hauv tsev kho mob thiab tes ntxuav tus cwj pwm, piv txwv li.

Lub ntsiab superbugs

Cov kab mob uas muaj ntau yam-resistant feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv tsev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ICUs thiab kev ua haujlwm theatre. Qhov teeb meem no feem ntau tshwm sim vim kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob tsis zoo, cuam tshuam nrog kev kho mob pom zoo los ntawm tus kws kho mob lossis siv thaum tsis qhia, ua rau muaj superbugs, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb:

• Dab Tsi Staphylococcus aureus, uas tiv taus methicillin thiab yog hu ua MRSA. Kawm ntxiv txog Dab Tsi Staphylococcus aureus thiab kev kuaj mob licas;
• Klebsiella pneumoniae, kuj paub li Klebsiella cov neeg tsim khoom tsim cov carbapenemase, lossis KPC, uas yog cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov enzyme uas muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev ua si ntawm qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Pom li cas los txheeb xyuas thiab kho tus kab mob KPC;
• Acinetobacter baumannii, uas tuaj yeem pom hauv dej, av thiab tsev kho mob ib puag ncig, muaj qee cov kab mob tiv taus aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones thiab beta-lactams;
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa, uas yog suav hais tias yog ib qho kev mob siab rau ua rau muaj kev kis tus kab mob tseem ceeb hauv ICUs hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog;
• Enterococcus faecium, uas feem ntau ua rau mob txeeb zig thiab mob hnyuv hauv cov neeg pw hauv tsev kho mob;
• Kev ua Proteus sp., uas yog feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov mob txeeb zig hauv ICUs thiab uas tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob;
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae, uas yog tus kab mob ua lub luag haujlwm rau tus kab mob gonorrhea thiab qee yam kab mob tau pom tias yog multidrug-resistant, uas muaj kev tawm tsam ntau dua rau Azithromycin, thiab, yog li ntawd, tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob no yog hu ua supergonorrhea.

Ntxiv rau cov no, muaj lwm cov kab mob uas tau pib tsim cov kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas ib txwm siv los kho lawv cov mob, xws li Salmonella sp., Ntxaug Yaj sp.,Haemophilus mob npaws thiab Campylobacter spp. Yog li, cov kev kho mob nyuaj zuj zus, vim nws nyuaj rau kev tawm tsam cov kab mob me me no, thiab tus kab mob no hnyav dua.

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus superbug tsis nquag ua rau cov tsos mob, tsuas yog ua cim ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus mob tau pom, uas sib txawv raws li hom kab mob lub luag haujlwm rau tus kab mob. Feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj superbugs pom thaum kev kho mob qhia los ntawm kws kho mob ua tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, nrog kev hloov zuj zus ntawm cov tsos mob, piv txwv.

Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas cov kab mob microbiological tshiab thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshiab kom paub tseeb tias cov kab mob tau kis tawm thiab, yog li, tsim kev kho mob tshiab. Saib seb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua li cas.

Yuav kho tus mob li cas

Kev kho cov kab mob superbugs nws txawv raws li hom kev tawm tsam thiab cov kab mob, thiab hauv qee kis nws raug pom zoo tias kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv tsev kho mob nrog kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob ncaj qha rau hauv cov leeg txhawm rau tua cov kab mob thiab tiv thaiv qhov pom ntawm kev kis mob tshiab.

Thaum kho cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau nyob ib leeg thiab kev mus ntsib yuav tsum tau txwv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum siv khaub ncaws, lub npog qhov ncauj thiab hnab looj tes kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib kis los ntawm lwm tus neeg. Hauv qee kis, kev sib txuas ntawm ntau dua 2 tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsim nyog rau lub superbug raug tswj thiab tua. Txawm hais tias kev kho mob yog qhov nyuaj, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav qhov kev tawm tsam ntau cov kab mob.

Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug

Txhawm rau siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug, txwv tsis pub txhim kho cov tshuaj superbugs, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum siv tshuaj tua kab mob tsuas yog thaum lawv tau sau tseg los ntawm tus kws kho mob, ua raws li cov koob tshuaj thiab lub sijhawm siv cov lus qhia, txawm tias cov tsos mob tau ploj mus ua ntej xaus kev kho mob.

Kev saib xyuas no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws vim tias thaum cov tsos mob pib zuj zus lawm, tib neeg tso tseg tsis siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab yog li cov kab mob nce ntxiv rau cov tshuaj, ua rau txhua tus muaj kev phom sij.

Lwm qhov kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb tsuas yog mus yuav cov tshuaj tua kab mob nrog cov tshuaj noj thiab thaum koj raug kho kom zoo, noj cov tshuaj seem mus rau lub tsev muag tshuaj, tsis txhob muab cov pob khoom pov tseg rau hauv thoob khib nyiab, chav dej lossis chav ua noj kom ntxuav kom tsis txhob muaj qhov paug ntawm ib puag ncig, uas tseem ua rau cov kab mob tiv taus ntau thiab ntau nyuaj rau kev sib ntaus. Nov yog yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob siv tshuaj tua kab mob.