Tus Sau: William Ramirez
Hnub Kev Tsim: 16 Lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 2021
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qhia tshuaj  zoo mob  duav pob txha tais leeg yam zoo  heev             .21/3/2022
Daim Duab: qhia tshuaj zoo mob duav pob txha tais leeg yam zoo heev .21/3/2022

Zoo Siab

Ntsiab lus

Mob leeg nrob qaum (SMA) yog dab tsi?

Mob hlwb pob txha caj qaum (SMA) yog ib pab pawg ntawm cov mob caj ces uas tsim kev puas tsuaj thiab tua cov hlab hlwb. Neurons lub cev muaj zog yog ib hom ntawm cov hlab ntshav ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab qis feem ntawm lub hlwb. Lawv tswj txav ntawm koj txhais tes, ceg, ntsej muag, hauv siab, caj pas thiab tus nplaig.

Raws li lub cev muaj zog neurons tuag, koj cov leeg pib ua kom tsis muaj zog thiab atrophy (pov tseg tawm). Cov leeg ua rau mob tsis zoo dhau sij hawm thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev hais lus, taug kev, nqos, thiab ua pa.

Dab tsi yog hom mob hlwb pob txha caj qaum (SMA) thiab lawv cov tsos mob zoo li cas?

Nws muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm SMA. Lawv ua raws seb tus mob hnyav npaum li cas thiab thaum twg cov tsos mob pib:

  • Hom l kuj tseem hu ua tus mob Werdnig-Hoffman lossis tawv nqaij-pib me ntsis SMA. Nws yog hom loj tshaj plaws. Nws tseem yog qhov feem ntau. Cov menyuam mos uas muaj hom kabmob no feem ntau qhia cov cim ntawm tus kabmob ua ntej 6 lub hlis. Hauv kev mob hnyav dua, cov cim qhia pom ua ntej lossis tom qab yug menyuam (Hom 0 lossis 1A). Cov menyuam yuav muaj teeb meem nqos thiab ua pa thiab yuav txav tsis tau mus ntau. Lawv muaj cov lus luv ntawm cov leeg ua ke lossis cov leeg (hu ua kev sib cog lus). Feem ntau lawv zaum tsis taus yog tsis muaj neeg pab. Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob, ntau tus menyuam yaus nrog hom no yuav tuag ua ntej muaj 2 xyoos.
  • Hom ll yog hom nrab mus rau loj hom SMA. Feem ntau nws pom ntawm 6 mus rau 18 lub hlis uas muaj hnub nyoog. Feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj hom no tuaj yeem zaum tsis muaj kev pab tab sis sawv tsis taus lossis taug kev yam tsis muaj kev pab. Lawv kuj yuav muaj teeb meem ua pa. Feem ntau lawv tuaj yeem nyob rau thaum tiav hluas lossis hluas.
  • Hom lll tseem hu ua tus kabmob Kugelberg-Welander. Nws yog hom me tshaj uas cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus. Cov cim ntawm tus kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab muaj hnub nyoog 18 lub hlis. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj hom no tuaj yeem taug kev ntawm lawv tus kheej tab sis yuav muaj teeb meem khiav, nce ntawm lub rooj zaum, lossis nce ntaiv. Lawv kuj tseem yuav muaj scoliosis (curvature ntawm nqaj qaum), sib cog lus, thiab ua pa ua pa.Nrog rau kev kho, feem ntau cov menyuam yaus nrog hom no yuav muaj lub neej zoo li qub.
  • Hom IV yog tsawg thiab feem ntau mob me. Nws feem ntau ua rau cov tsos mob tom qab 21 xyoo ntawm lub hnub nyoog. Cov tsos mob suav nrog me me mus rau mob taw cov leeg tsis muaj zog, tshee, thiab ua pa nyuaj. Cov tsos mob maj mam dhau zuj zus. Cov tib neeg muaj hom SMA no muaj lub neej zoo tsis sib luag.

Dab tsi ua rau mob leeg txha caj qaum (SMA)?

Feem ntau ntawm SMA feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm SMN1 gene. Tus gene no yog lub luag haujlwm tsim cov protein uas lub cev muaj zog yuav tsum noj qab nyob zoo thiab ua haujlwm. Tab sis thaum ib feem ntawm SMN1 noob ploj lossis txawv txav, tsis muaj protein txaus rau lub cev muaj zog. Qhov no ua rau lub cev muaj zog ntawm lub cev tuag.


Cov neeg feem coob muaj ob daim qauv ntawm SM1 - ib daim ntawv los ntawm leej niam leej txiv. SMA ib txwm tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum ob leeg luam ntawv muaj cov hloov pauv cov gene. Yog tias tsuas yog ib daim ntawv hloov tau xwb, feem ntau tsis muaj cov tsos mob. Tabsis tus gene hla dhau ntawm leej niam leej txiv mus rau menyuam.

Qee qhov tsawg dua ntawm SMA feem ntau yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov kev hloov hauv lwm cov noob.

Yuav kuaj li cas thiaj paub tias yog tus pob txha nqaj mob pob qij txha (SMA)?

Koj tus neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav siv ntau cov cuab yeej los kuaj SMA:

  • Kev soj ntsuam lub cev
  • Keeb kwm kev mob nkeeg, suav nrog kev nug txog tsev neeg keeb kwm
  • Kev tshuaj ntsuam caj ces kom kuaj seb lub noob hloov pauv uas ua rau SMA
  • Kev tshawb nrhiav electromyography thiab hlab ntaws thiab cov leeg nqaij mus rau hauv lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov hlwb

Cov niam txiv uas muaj keeb kwm tsev neeg ntawm SMA tej zaum yuav xav ua qhov kev kuaj cev xeeb tub los kuaj xyuas seb lawv tus menyuam puas muaj keeb kwm SMN1 hloov. Ib qho amniocentesis los yog qee qhov xwm txheej chorionic villi sam sim (CVS) yog siv los muab cov qauv coj los kuaj.


Hauv qee lub xeev, kev kuaj caj ces rau SMA yog ib feem ntawm kev kuaj ntsuas cov menyuam mos.

Cov kev kho rau tus txha nqaj qaum yog leeg li cas (SMA)?

Tsis muaj tshuaj kho rau SMA. Cov kev kho mob tuaj yeem pab tswj cov tsos mob thiab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem. Lawv yuav suav nrog

  • Cov tshuaj siv los pab lub cev ua kom muaj protein ntau dua li cov tshuaj neuron xav tau
  • Kev kho noob rau menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos
  • Kev tawm dag zog hauv lub cev, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev rov kho dua los pab txhawm rau txhim kho lub cev thiab kev txav ntawm cov pob qij txha. Cov kev kho no tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho cov ntshav khiav thiab cov leeg tsis muaj zog thiab atrophy. Qee tus neeg kuj yuav tsum muaj kev kho kom hais lus tsis taus, ntxo thiab nqos.
  • Cov cuab yeej pabcuam xws li kev txhawb nqa lossis kev zaws hniav, orthotics, kev hais lus, thiab lub rooj zaum muaj log kom pab tau cov neeg kom nyob tau ywj pheej.
  • Kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab lub cev noj kom zoo rau lub cev kom pab hnyav thiab khov. Qee tus neeg yuav xav tau cov raj ua noj kom tau cov khoom noj khoom haus lawv xav tau.
  • Kev ua tsis taus pa pab rau cov neeg uas muaj cov leeg tsis muaj zog hauv caj dab, caj pas thiab lub hauv siab. Qhov kev txhawb nqa yuav suav nrog cov khoom siv los pab ua pa thaum nruab hnub thiab tiv thaiv kev ua pa tsaug zog thaum hmo ntuj. Qee tus neeg yuav tsum tau siv lub tshuab ua pa.

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