PSA kuaj: nws yog dab tsi, nws yog dab tsi rau thiab to taub qhov tshwm sim

Zoo Siab

• Dab tsi yog nws rau
• Yuav ua li cas to taub qhov kev tshwm sim xeem
• PSA pub dawb yog dab tsi?
• PSA ceev thiab nrawm

PSA, lub npe hu ua Prostatic Specific Antigen, yog ib qho enzyme uas tsim los ntawm prostate hlwb uas qhov kev xav ntau ntxiv tuaj yeem qhia txog kev hloov pauv hauv prostate, xws li prostatitis, benign prostatic hypertrophy lossis prostate cancer, piv txwv.

PSA feem ntau kuaj ntshav tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug nyob rau txhua tus txiv neej hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoos, tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv tau thaum twg muaj kev xoom xaim ntawm kev tso zis lossis prostate txawv txav. Kev kuaj PSA yog qhov yooj yim thiab tsis mob thiab yog ua hauv kev kuaj sim los ntawm kev khaws cov ntshav me me.

Feem ntau, cov txiv neej noj qab haus huv muaj tag nrho PSA cov nqi qis dua 2.5 ng / ml, ua ntej hnub nyoog 65, lossis qis dua 4.0 tsis muaj / ml, siab tshaj 65 xyoos. Qhov kev nce hauv tag nrho PSA cov ntsiab lus tsis yog ib txwm qhia txog kev mob qog nqaij hlav prostate, thiab kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv yog qhov tsim nyog kom paub meej tias txoj kev kuaj mob.

Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev mob qog nqaij hlav prostate, PSA tus nqi kuj tseem tuaj yeem yog qhov qub thiab, yog li ntawd, kev xoom xaim ntawm kev mob qog yuav tsum tau paub tseeb nrog lwm cov kev kuaj mob, xws li kev kuaj mob digital ntawm qhov quav, MRI thiab kuaj mob me.

Dab tsi yog nws rau

Feem ntau, PSA kev kuaj mob yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob txhawm rau txhawm rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev muaj qog prostate xws li:

• Kev mob ntawm tus mob prostate, hu ua prostatitis (mob los yog mob ntev);
• Benign prostatic hypertrophy, hu ua BPH;
• Prostate mob cancer.

Txawm li cas los xij, PSA tus nqi kuj tseem yuav nce ntxiv vim qee qhov mob txeeb zig, tso zis los yog vim muaj cov txheej txheem kho mob tsis ntev los no hauv thaj av, xws li cystoscopy, kev kuaj mob digital ntawm qhov ncauj, kev kuaj ntshav, kev phais tus mob prostate lossis trans-urethral phais mob ntawm prostate. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau tshuaj ntsuam los ntawm tus kws kho mob tau nug nws.

Ntxiv rau cov xwm txheej no feem ntau, nce hnub nyoog, caij tsheb kauj vab thiab siv qee yam tshuaj, xws li txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones, tuaj yeem ua rau nce PSA.

Yuav ua li cas to taub qhov kev tshwm sim xeem

Thaum tus txiv neej muaj tag nrho PSA tus nqi ntau dua 4.0 ng / ml, nws raug nquahu kom rov kuaj dua kom paub meej txog tus nqi, thiab yog tias nws raug tswj cia nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua lwm yam kev kuaj kom paub meej txog kev kuaj mob thiab txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau. Tau paub txog lwm yam kev ntsuas kom ntsuas tus mob prostate.

Feem ntau, qhov ntau dua tag nrho PSA tus nqi, ntau dua prostate cancer yog xav tias tsam thiab, yog li ntawd, thaum tus nqi ntau dua 10 ng / ml, qhov pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog nqaij hlav prostate yog 50%. Tus nqi PSA tuaj yeem sib txawv nrog lub hnub nyoog, tib neeg tus cwj pwm thiab lub chaw ntsuas thaum ntsuas qhov ntsuas. Feem ntau, PSA siv qhov tseem ceeb yog:

• Mus txog 65 xyoos: Tag nrho PSA txog 2.5 ng / mL;
• Tshaj 65 xyoo: Tag nrho PSA txog 4 ng / mL.

Cov txiv neej nrog PSA suav tias yog ib qho zoo thiab nrog cov nodules ntawm txoj kev kuaj digital muaj qhov muaj feem ntau yuav muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer dua li tus txiv neej uas tsuas muaj PSA ntau tshaj tus nqi.

Yuav kom paub tiag tiag yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv prostate, qhov nruab nrab pom zoo ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas ntawm PSA dawb thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm PSA dawb thiab tag nrho PSA, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob prostate.

PSA pub dawb yog dab tsi?

Thaum tus txiv neej muaj tag nrho PSA saum toj no ib txwm, urologist qhia qhov tseeb ntawm PSA dawb, kom rov tshawb nrhiav qhov kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm prostate cancer. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev pub dawb thiab tag nrho PSA, ib qho kev sib raug zoo tau ua los ntawm ob qhov txiaj ntsig no los xyuas seb qhov kev hloov hauv prostate yog benign lossis malignant, qhov no ib qho kev txiav txim siab rau prostate biopsy.

Thaum qhov sib piv ntawm kev sib pub dawb thiab tag nrho PSA ntau dua 15%, nws yog qhov qhia tias qhov mob prostate yog benign, uas yuav qhia tau tias cov mob benign raug txhim kho, xws li benign prostatic hypertrophy lossis urinary huam mob, piv txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov feem pua ​​no tsawg dua li 15%, feem ntau yog qhia tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav prostate, thiab kev phais mob prostate yog qhov pom zoo kom paub meej tias txoj kev kuaj mob thiab pib kho. Nkag siab li cas prostate kuaj.

PSA ceev thiab nrawm

Tus urologist tseem tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ceev thiab nrawm ntawm PSA, qhov ntau dua ntom ntom nti ntawm PSA, ntau qhov kev cia siab ntawm qhov muaj cov qog nqaij hlav prostate thiab, qhov tseeb ntawm tus nqi ntawm PSA nrawm, nce ntau dua 0.75 ng / ml ib xyoo lossis nce nrawm dua nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau rov ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, vim tias nws yuav qhia tau tias mob cancer.