Khoom Noj Khoom Haus thiab Khoom Noj Tsis Muaj Mob

Zoo Siab

• Koj cov metabolism ua haujlwm li cas?
• Kev ntshaib siab metabolic yog dab tsi?
• Dab tsi ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm metabolic?
• Hom mob ntawm cov ntshaus plab
• Gaucher's disease
• Cov piam thaj galactose malabsorption
• Cov kab mob muaj keeb hemochromatosis
• Maple phoov zis mob ntshav (MSUD)
• Phenylketonuria (PKU)
• Outlook

Koj cov metabolism ua haujlwm li cas?

Kev zom zaub mov yog txheej txheem chemical uas koj lub cev siv los hloov cov khoom noj uas koj noj rau hauv cov roj uas ua rau koj muaj sia nyob.

Khoom noj khoom haus (khoom noj) muaj cov protein, carbohydrates, thiab cov rog. Cov tshuaj no tau tawg los ntawm cov enzymes hauv koj lub plab zom mov, thiab tom qab ntawd nqa mus rau cov kab mob ntawm qhov chaw uas lawv tuaj yeem siv roj. Koj lub cev siv cov tshuaj no tam sim ntawd, lossis khaws cia rau hauv daim siab, lub cev rog, thiab cov leeg nqaij ua kom siv tau tom qab.

Kev ntshaib siab metabolic yog dab tsi?

Kev tsis haum xeeb metabolic tshwm sim thaum cov txheej txheem metabolism tsis ua haujlwm thiab ua rau lub cev muaj ntau dhau lossis tsawg dhau ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb uas xav tau kom noj qab haus huv.

Peb lub cev nkag siab tau yuam kev hauv cov metabolism. Lub cev yuav tsum muaj cov amino acids thiab muaj ntau hom protein ua rau txhua txoj haujlwm. Piv txwv li, lub hlwb xav tau cov calcium, potassium, thiab sodium los tsim hluav taws xob, thiab lipids (rog thiab roj) kom muaj lub zog noj qab nyob zoo.

Kev ntshaib plab tuaj yeem siv ntau hom. Qhov no suav nrog:

• lub enzyme ploj lawm los yog cov vitamin uas tsim nyog rau kev fab tshuaj tseem ceeb
• Kev siv tshuaj tsis zoo uas cuam tshuam teeb meem hauv cov zom zaub mov
• ib tug kab mob hauv lub siab, tus neeg txiav, cov qog endocrine, lossis lwm yam hauv lub cev ua haujlwm hauv cov metabolism
• kev noj haus kom tsawg

Dab tsi ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm metabolic?

Koj tuaj yeem tsim kho kev mob plab yog tias muaj qee yam kabmob hauv nruab nrog - piv txwv li, cov leeg hlab siab lossis lub siab - tso tseg tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Cov kev tsis zoo no tuaj yeem yog los ntawm noob caj noob ces, kev tsis txaus ntawm qee yam tshuaj hormones lossis enzyme, noj ntau dhau ntawm qee yam khoom noj, lossis ntau yam.

Muaj ntau pua ntawm kev nrhiav caj ceg hauv lub cev tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob ib leeg. Cov kev hloov tau no tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm ntau tiam ntawm cov tsev neeg. Raws li cov, tej haiv neeg lossis pawg neeg feem ntau yog kis tau rau cov noob hloov zuj zus tshwj xeeb rau kev yug menyuam. Feem ntau ntawm cov no yog:

• sickle cell anemia nyob hauv Asmeskas Asmeskas
• cystic fibrosis hauv cov neeg ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam European
• Maple phoov zis mob rau hauv zej zog Mennonite
• Gaucher's mob rau hauv cov neeg Yudais los ntawm Cov Tebchaws Europe Sab Hnub Tuaj
• hemochromatosis rau Cov Neeg Coob hauv Tebchaws Meskas

Hom mob ntawm cov ntshaus plab

Ntshav qab zib yog cov kab mob uas pom tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws. Muaj ob hom mob ntshav qab zib:

• Hom 1, qhov ua rau tsis paub txog, txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem muaj raws caj ces.
• Hom 2, uas tuaj yeem nrhiav tau, lossis muaj feem los ntawm caj ces ib yam nkaus.

Raws li lub koom haum American Diabetes Association, 30.3 lab tus menyuam yaus thiab neeg laus, lossis li ntawm 9.4 feem pua ​​ntawm Tebchaws Asmeskas cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib.

Ntawm hom ntshav qab zib hom 1, T cell tua thiab tua cov qe ntshav hauv cov txiav ua ke, lub hlwb ua cov tshuaj insulin. Sij hawm dhau mus, kev tsis muaj cov tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem ua rau:

• hlab ntsha thiab lub raum puas tsuaj
• qhov muag tsis pom kev
• nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv thiab vascular

Pua pua tus neeg lub hauv plab yuam kev hauv cov metabolism (IEM) tau pom, thiab feem ntau tsis tshua muaj neeg nyiam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau kwv yees tias IEM ua ke cuam tshuam rau 1 ntawm txhua 1,000 tus menyuam mos. Ntau ntawm cov kev tsis zoo no tsuas yog kho tau los ntawm kev txwv kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg ntawm cov tshuaj lossis cov khoom hauv lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.

Qhov ntau hom kev noj haus thiab kev zom zaub mov tsis meej muaj xws li:

Gaucher's disease

Qhov xwm txheej no ua rau lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua rau qee yam rog, uas ua rau lub siab, tus po, thiab mob pob txha. Qhov tsis muaj peev xwm no tuaj yeem ua rau mob, pob txha, thiab txawm tias tuag. Nws raug kho nrog kev hloov kho enzyme.

Cov piam thaj galactose malabsorption

Qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo rau hauv kev thauj cov piam thaj thiab galactose hla lub plab ntu uas ua rau mob raws plab thiab lub cev qhuav dej. Cov tsos mob yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev tshem tawm lactose, sucrose, thiab qabzib los ntawm kev noj haus.

Cov kab mob muaj keeb hemochromatosis

Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov hlau ntau dhau los tso rau hauv ntau lub plab hnyuv siab raum, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau:

• daim siab mob ntsws
• mob siab mob cancer
• mob ntshav qab zib
• kab mob plawv

Nws raug kho los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov ntshav ntawm lub cev (phlebotomy) tsis tu ncua.

Maple phoov zis mob ntshav (MSUD)

MSUD cuam tshuam cov metabolism hauv qee cov amino acids, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam sai ntawm cov neurons. Yog tias tsis kho, nws ua rau tuag hauv thawj ob peb hlis tom qab yug los. Txoj kev kho yog txwv cov kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov amino acids.

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

PKU ua rau lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase, uas ua rau cov khoom hauv lub cev puas tsuaj, ua kom lub hlwb tsis nco qab, thiab lub cev tsis meej. Nws raug kho los ntawm kev txwv kev noj zaub mov ntawm qee yam ntawm cov protein.

Outlook

Kev mob plab zom mov yog qhov nyuaj thiab muaj tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yog cov kev kawm tshawb fawb txuas mus ntxiv, uas tseem pab cov kws tshawb fawb kom nkag siab zoo dua qhov pib hauv paus ntawm qhov teeb meem tshwm sim ntau dua xws li lactose, sucrose, thiab piam thaj tsis txaus, thiab ntau dhau ntawm qee cov protein.

Yog tias koj muaj kev mob plab zom mov, koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog koj tus kws kho mob kom nrhiav lub phiaj xwm kho mob uas haum rau koj.