Dab tsi ua rau Moles cia li tshwm sim tam sim ntawd

Zoo Siab

• Hom ntawm moles
• Congenital moles
• Nrhiav moles (tseem hu ua moles uas nquag muaj)
• Atypical moles (tseem hu ua dysplastic nevi)
• Ua rau mob tshiab moles
• Cov paib ceeb toom cuam tshuam txog moles
• Melanomas
• Daim tshev tus kheej daim tawv
• Thaum mus ntsib kws kho mob

Txheej txheem cej luam

Moles yog yam heev, thiab cov neeg feem coob muaj ib lossis ntau dua. Moles yog qhov ntau ntawm cov xim uas tsim cov xim (melanocytes) hauv koj cov tawv nqaij. Cov neeg uas lub teeb tawv nqaij nyiam muaj ntau dua moles.

Lub npe kev rau ntawm mole yog nevus (ntau tshaj tawm: nevi). Nws los ntawm lo lus Latin rau birthmark.

Qhov ua rau moles tsis to taub zoo. Nws tau xav kom muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm caj ces thiab lub hnub raug puas feem ntau.

Moles feem ntau muaj rau thaum menyuam yaus thiab thaum tiav hluas, thiab hloov me me thiab xim thaum koj loj hlob. Cov moles tshiab feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm koj cov qib hormone hloov pauv, xws li thaum cev xeeb tub.

Feem ntau cov moles yog tsawg dua li 1/4 nti hauv lub taub. Mole xim nyob ntawm liab mus rau xim av tsaus los yog xim dub. Lawv tuaj yeem nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm koj lub cev, ib leeg lossis hauv pab pawg.

Yuav luag txhua txhua moles yog benign (noncancerous). Tab sis cov niam tshiab hauv cov neeg laus yog cov yuav mob qog nqaij hlav ntau dua li cov laus.

Yog tias pom tias lub cev qog tawm tshiab thaum koj loj dua, lossis yog tias hloov lub cev hloov, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho qhov tawv nqaij kom paub meej tias nws yuav tsis mob qog.

Hom ntawm moles

Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm moles, txheeb los ntawm thaum lawv tshwm sim, lawv zoo li cas, thiab lawv qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav mob qog ntshav.

Congenital moles

Cov moles no hu ua lub cim xeeb thiab sib txawv hauv qhov loj me, cov duab thiab xim. Li ntawm 0.2 txog 2.1 feem pua ​​ntawm cov me nyuam mos yug los nrog ib tus neeg lub qe qe.

Qee qhov kev tshwm sim tuaj yeem kho rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj thaum tus menyuam loj dua, piv txwv li, hnub nyoog 10 txog 12 xyoo thiab zoo dua tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev mob siab rau hauv zos. Cov kev kho mob suav nrog:

• kev phais mob
• daim tawv nqaij rov mob dua (dermabrasion)
• daim tawv nqaij shaving (excision) ntawm cov tawv nqaij sab saum toj
• chemical tev rau kom pom tseeb
• laser ablation rau pom kev

Kev pheej hmoo

Cov me nyuam loj hauv lub cev muaj ntau qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav ua rau muaj neeg ua neeg laus (4 mus rau 6 feem pua ​​yuav tag sim neej). Cov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev loj hlob, xim, lub cev, lossis kev mob ntawm lub cim yug yuav tsum raug ntsuas los ntawm kws kho mob.

Nrhiav moles (tseem hu ua moles uas nquag muaj)

Txais moles yog cov uas tshwm sim ntawm koj cov tawv nqaij tom qab koj yug los. Lawv kuj tau paub zoo li moles. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua qhov chaw ntawm koj cov tawv nqaij.

Cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv ncaj ncees tuaj yeem muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm 10 txog 40 ntawm cov moles.

Cov moles feem ntau yog:

• puag ncig lossis oval
• tiaj los yog me ntsis tsa los yog qee zaum dome-puab
• du lossis ntxhib
• ib qho xim (xim daj, xim av, xim dub, xim liab, liab, xiav, lossis xim tawv nqaij)
• hloov pauv tsis tau
• me me (1/4 nti lossis luv dua; luaj li cas ntawm lub xaum laum ntawv)
• yuav muaj plaub mos

Yog tias koj muaj tawv nqaij tsaus nti lossis plaub hau tsaus, koj cov moles yuav tsaus dua li cov neeg uas muaj tawv dua.

Kev pheej hmoo

Yog tias koj muaj ntau tshaj li 50 qhov moles, koj yuav muaj feem kis mob qog nqaij hlav cancer ntau dua. Tab sis nws tsis tshua muaj rau ib hom mole los ua mob.

Atypical moles (tseem hu ua dysplastic nevi)

Atypical moles tuaj yeem tshwm nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm koj lub cev. Atypical moles feem ntau nyob ntawm pob tw, tab sis koj tuaj yeem nqa lawv rau ntawm koj lub caj dab, taub hau, lossis tawv taub hau. Lawv tsis tshua pom ntsej muag.

Benign atypical moles yuav muaj qee cov yam ntxwv xws li mob melanoma (hom mob qog nqaij hlav cancer). Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev soj ntsuam daim tawv nqaij tsis tu ncua thiab soj ntsuam txhua yam pauv ntawm koj tus kheej.

Atypical moles muaj qhov hloov mus ua qog noj ntshav. Tab sis nws kwv yees tias tsuas yog atypical moles tig mus rau mob cancer.

Vim tias lawv cov ntsej muag, atypical moles tau raug yam ntxwv zoo li cov "tsis zoo ntawm cov menyuam yaus" ntawm moles.

Feem ntau, atypical moles yog:

• cev tsis xwm yeem nrog ciam teb tsis sib xws
• varied hauv cov xim: sib tov ntawm ziab, xim av, liab, thiab liab
• pebbled hauv kev ntxhib los mos
• loj dua tus xaum laum; 6 millimeters lossis ntau dua
• ntau nyob rau hauv cov neeg ncaj ncees-tawv nqaij
• ntau dua nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas muaj lub hnub raug tshav kub

Kev pheej hmoo

Koj muaj feem ntau yuav muaj mob melanoma yog tias koj muaj:

• plaub lossis ntau dua atypical moles
• ib tug txheeb ze cov ntshav uas muaj mob melanoma
• yav tas los muaj mob melanoma

Yog tias cov neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj cov atypical moles ntau, koj yuav muaj lub tsev neeg atypical ntau mole melanoma (. Koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm melanoma yog 17.3 npaug siab dua uas cov neeg uas tsis muaj FAMMM syndrome.

Ua rau mob tshiab moles

Qhov ua rau muaj lub qe tshiab uas tshwm sim thaum neeg laus tsis nkag siab zoo. Moles tshiab yuav benign lossis lawv kuj yuav mob qog. Melanoma cov ua kom tau kawm zoo, tab sis nws muaj ntawm dab tsi ua rau muaj mob tsis haum.

Kev hloov caj ces muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog. Kev tshawb nrhiav xyoo 2015 tau tshaj tawm tias kev hloov caj ces ntawm BRAF cov noob tau tam sim no ntawm cov benign kis tau moles.

Kev hloov pauv BRAF yog paub tias muaj txuam nrog cov mob melanoma. Tab sis cov txheej txheem molecular muab kev koom tes hauv kev hloov lub cev benign mus rau qog mob cancer uas tseem tsis tau paub.

Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ultraviolet lub teeb ci (UV), ob qho tib si lub ntuj thiab khoom neeg tsim, nrog DNA tau paub tias ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov caj ces uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm melanoma thiab lwm yam tawv nqaij tawv nqaij. Raug tshav ntuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum menyuam yaus lossis menyuam hluas thiab tsuas yog ntau dhau los ua rau mob qog nqaij tawv.

Cov laj thawj uas tej zaum koj yuav muaj hom tshiab xws li:

• nce hnub nyoog
• ncaj ncees cov tawv nqaij thiab lub teeb lossis liab plaub hau
• tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm ntawm atypical moles
• teb rau cov tshuaj uas txwv koj muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob
• teb rau lwm yam tshuaj, xws li qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj hormones, lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
• noob caj noob ces
• tshav ntuj kub, tiv tshav ntuj kub, lossis siv cov txaj tanning

Moles tshiab feem ntau yuav ua rau muaj mob qog. Kev tshuaj xyuas 2017 ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb pom pom tias 70.9 feem pua ​​ntawm melanomas tau sawv los ntawm cov pwm tshiab. Yog tias koj yog ib tus neeg laus nrog lub cev tshiab, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kuaj los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws kho qhov tawv nqaij.

Cov paib ceeb toom cuam tshuam txog moles

Thaum tus mauv qub hloov pauv, lossis thaum pom tus pwm tshiab hloov zuj zus, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob kom kuaj nws lub cev.

Yog tias koj lub qog tseem khaus, los ntshav, tawm hws lossis mob, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Melanoma yog tawv nqaij mob tuag tshaib tshaj plaws, tab sis cov nqaij hlav tshiab lossis chaw me nyuam kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij puav dawb los yog daim tawv qog ua kua. Cov no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw uas raug rau lub hnub, xws li koj lub ntsej muag, lub taub hau, thiab caj dab. Lawv muaj kev kho tau yooj yim.

Melanomas

Ntawm no yog ABCDE melanoma qhia txog dab tsi los saib, tsim los ntawm American Academy ntawm Dermatology:

• Asymmetrical duab. Txhua ib nrab ntawm lub mole yog txawv.
• Ciam tebCov. Lub mole muaj ciam teb tsis xwm yeem.
• XimCov. Lub mole tau hloov xim lossis muaj ntau yam lossis sib xyaw xim.
• Txoj kab uas hlaCov. Lub phaus loj dua - ntau dua li ntawm 1/4 nti hauv lub taub.
• EvolvingCov. Cov mole pib hloov pauv qhov loj me, xim, duab, lossis tuab.

Daim tshev tus kheej daim tawv

Kuaj koj cov tawv nqaij tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem pab koj pom kev hloov mole. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov tawv nqaij tawv tshwm sim rau ntawm qee qhov ntawm koj lub cev uas koj tuaj yeem pom yooj yim.

Nws tsis tshua pom muaj melanomas hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub hnub. Cov chaw sib xyaw lub cev nquag tshaj plaws rau melanoma hauv cov poj niam yog caj npab thiab ceg.

Rau cov txiv neej, qhov chaw melanoma feem ntau yog qhov nraub qaum, pob tw, taub hau thiab caj dab.

Cov tsis yog Caucasians muaj qhov kev pheej hmoo tsawg dua rau melanoma. Tab sis melanoma cov chaw sib txawv yog txawv rau cov neeg ntawm cov xim. Cov chaw muaj rau kab mob melanoma ntawm cov tsis yog Caucasians yog:

• lub soles
• lub xib teg
• nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov ntiv taw thiab ntiv tes
• hauv qab ntiv taw lossis rau tes

Nco ntsoov tias kev kuaj xyuas nws tus kheej feem ntau tuaj yeem plam kev hloov pauv ntawm moles, raws li kev tshawb fawb 2000 ntawm cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tus mob melanoma.

Thaum mus ntsib kws kho mob

Moles uas tshwm nyob rau hauv neeg laus yuav tsum nco ntsoov xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Nws raug nquahu kom tib neeg muaj daim tawv nqaij los ntawm daim tawv nqaij tso zis txhua xyoo. Yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo ua rau mob melanoma, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom kuaj daim tawv nqaij txhua rau lub hlis.

Yog tias koj txhawj xeeb txog koj lub mole thiab tsis tau muaj tus kws kho mob zaws daim tawv, koj tuaj yeem saib kws kho mob hauv thaj tsam koj nyob dhau ntawm Healthline FindCare cov cuab yeej.

Yog tias koj muaj lub mole uas hloov pauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho uas muaj raws li ib lossis ntau ntawm cov qauv hauv ABCDE phau ntawv qhia saum toj no, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Qhov xwm zoo yog qhov ntxov paub ntawm melanoma ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb nyob ciaj sia. Qhov 10-xyoo muaj sia nyob feem ntau ntawm kev mob melanoma uas tau pom thaum ntxov yog.