Neutropenia: nws yog dab tsi thiab yog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb

Zoo Siab

• Ua rau neutropenia
• Cyclic neutropenia
• Febrile neutropenia

Neutropenia sib raug rau qhov txo qis hauv neutrophils, uas yog cov ntshav lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tus nqi ntawm neutrophils yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1500 thiab 8000 / mm³, txawm li cas los xij, vim yog hloov cov hlwb pob txha los yog hauv cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb no, tus nqi ntawm neutrophils yuav poob qis, yam ntxwv ntawm neutropenia.

Raws li tus nqi ntawm neutrophils pom, neutropenia tuaj yeem muab cais raws nws qhov mob hnyav rau hauv:

• Me neutropenia, qhov twg neutrophils nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1000 txog 1500 / µL;
• Ntsig neutropenia, nyob hauv qhov twg neutrophils yog ntawm 500 txog 1000 / µL;
• Mob nyhav neutropenia, nyob rau hauv uas neutrophils tsawg dua 500 / µL, uas tuaj yeem nyiam qhov loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hu ua fungi thiab cov kab mob uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub cev, ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob;

Cov nyiaj tsawg dua ntawm cov leeg ncig cev, qhov ntau dua ntawm cov neeg muaj peev xwm kis tau tus mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas neutropenia tau ua tib zoo ntsuas, vim tias qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov teeb meem thaum lub sijhawm sib sau, coj mus kuaj lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv uas qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam tau ua, piv txwv. Yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu tias tag nrho cov neutrophil suav raug txheeb xyuas kom pom tias, qhov tseeb, muaj neutropenia.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum muaj pes tsawg cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov ntshav khov yog qhov qub thiab cov lej ntawm neutrophils tsawg, nws raug nquahu tias yuav tsum rov qab kuaj ntshav ntxiv kom paub tseeb neutropenia.

Ua rau neutropenia

Qhov ua kom tsawg ntawm cov neutrophils yuav yog vim tsis muaj cov khoom tsim tawm lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ntawm neutrophils hauv cov pob txha los yog vim muaj ntau dua ntawm kev rhuav tshem neutrophils hauv cov ntshav. Yog li, cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm neutropenia yog:

• Megaloblastic anemia;
• Aplastic anemia;
• Mob ntsws mob;
• Txhawb nqa spleen;
• Kab mob ntsws;
• Txheej Txheem Duab Lupus erythematosus;
• Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria;
• Cov mob viral, feem ntau yog los ntawm Epstein-Barr tus kab mob thiab tus kab mob siab;
• Cov kab mob tua tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj mob ntsws thiab mob dej hiav txwv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, neutropenia tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob nrog qee yam tshuaj, xws li Aminopyrine, Propiltiouracil thiab Penicillin, piv txwv, lossis vim tsis muaj cov vitamin B12 lossis folic acid, piv txwv.

Kawm ntxiv txog neutrophils.

Cyclic neutropenia

Cyclic neutropenia sib raug rau tus kab mob autosomal tseem ceeb ntawm cov caj ces tus yam ntxwv tsawg dua li cov neutrophils hauv kev ncig, uas yog, txhua 21 hnub, feem ntau, muaj qhov txo qis ntawm cov ntshav ncig neutrophils.

Tus kab mob no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim thiab muaj tshwm sim vim kev hloov pauv hauv cov noob tam sim no rau ntawm chromosome 19 uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov enzyme, elastase, hauv neutrophils. Thaum tsis muaj cov enzyme no, neutrophils muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dua.

Febrile neutropenia

Febrile neutropenia tshwm sim thaum muaj qee yam me me ntawm neutrophils, feem ntau tsawg dua 500 / µL, nyiam qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kis tus kab mob thiab ua rau lub cev kub nce ntxiv, feem ntau siab dua 38ºC.

Yog li, kev kho mob rau febrile neutropenia koom nrog kev noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub taub hau, tshuaj tua kab mob qhov ncauj los yog ntawm txoj hlab ntshav, raws li tus kws kho mob qhia koj tswj kev kis mob thiab txhaj tshuaj nrog neutrophil kev loj hlob yam, los tua neutropenia. Ntxiv rau, nws kuj tseem yuav tsim nyog ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thib ob rau kev kho mob yog tias tus neeg mob tseem kub taub hau tom qab 5 hnub pib kev kho mob.