Mob npaws

Malaria yog ib yam kabmob parasitic uas ua npaws siab heev, tshee tshee, zoo li tus tsos mob khaub thuas, thiab ntshav liab.

Malaria yog kis los ntawm cab. Nws kis rau tib neeg los ntawm kev tom ntawm yoov tshaj cum tom. Tom qab kis tau tus kab mob, cov cab (hu ua sporozoites) taug kev los ntawm cov hlab ntshav mus rau lub siab. Nyob ntawd, lawv paub tab thiab tso lwm cov cab, hu ua merozoites. Cov cab no nkag rau cov ntshav thiab kis cov ntshav liab.

Tus cab no huam ntau nyob hauv cov ntshav liab. Cov qe no ces qhib rau hauv 48 mus rau 72 teev thiab kis cov qe ntshav liab rau coob. Cov tsos mob thawj zaug feem ntau tshwm sim li 10 hnub mus rau 4 lub lim tiam tom qab kis tau, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntxov li 8 hnub lossis ntev li ib xyoo tom qab kis tau. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv phaum ntawm 48 mus rau 72 teev.

Feem ntau cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm:

• Kev tso tawm ntawm merozoites rau hauv cov ntshav
• Cov ntshav ntsha uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab
• Cov ntshav hemoglobin ntau hauv tau tso tawm mus ncig tom qab cov qe ntshav liab tau tawg qhib

Tus kabmob malaria tuaj yeem sib kis tau ntawm leej niam mus rau nws tus menyuam uas tseem tsis tau yug (yug menyuam) thiab los ntawm cov ntshav mus ntxiv. Tus kabmob malaria tuaj yeem nqa yoov tshaj cum los ntawm huab cua sov, tab sis tus cab no ploj mus rau lub caij ntuj no.

Tus kabmob yog qhov teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv nyob rau ntau qhov ntawm tropics thiab subtropics. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tswj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob tau kwv yees tias muaj 300 txog 500 lab kis tus kabmob malaria txhua xyoo. Ntau tshaj 1 lab tus neeg tuag ntawm nws. Malaria yog yam kabmob phom sij rau cov neeg taug kev mus rau huab cua sov.

Hauv qee thaj chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, cov yoov tshaj cum uas muaj tus kabmob malaria tau tsim kho cov tshuaj tua kab kom zoo. Ntxiv rau, cov cab no tau tsim kho kom haum rau qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov xwm txheej no tau ua rau nws tswj tsis tau tus mob thiab kis tus kabmob mus ntxiv.

Cov tsos mob muaj xws li:

• Anemia (kev mob uas lub cev tsis muaj cov ntshav liab kom zoo txaus)
• Ntshav los tso quav
• Ua daus no, kub taub hau, tawm hws
• Coma
• Qhov pom tseeb
• Mob taub hau
• Qhov muag daj
• Mob leeg
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav

Thaum kuaj lub cev, tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav pom daim siab mob siab los yog ua pob loj.

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas ua tiav muaj xws li:

• Kev kuaj mob sai sai, uas tau dhau los ua qhov ntau dua vim tias lawv yooj yim dua los siv thiab xav tau kev kawm tsawg dua los ntawm cov kws sim thev naus laus zis
• Tshuaj tua kabmob Malaria nyob rau 6 rau 12 teev sijhawm kom paub tseeb tias tus mob
• Ib qho kev ua tiav ntawm cov ntshav (CBC) yuav teev kom paub ntshav liab yog nws tseem muaj

Kab mob npaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog falciparum malaria, yog kev mob xwm txheej ceev uas yuav tsum tau pw hauv tsev kho mob. Chloroquine feem ntau yog siv los ua tshuaj tiv thaiv mob malarial. Tab sis chloroquine-tiv taus kev kis mob yog feem ntau ntawm qee qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Cov kev kho mob tsim nyog rau chloroquine-resistant kab mob suav nrog:

• Artemisinin derivative sib txuas ua ke, suav nrog artemether thiab lumefantrine
• Atovaquone-proguanil
• Quinine-based regimen, ua ke nrog doxycycline lossis clindamycin
• Mefloquine, nrog artesunate lossis doxycycline

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj nyob ntawm, ib feem, ntawm qhov chaw koj tau kis tus mob.

Kev saib xyuas mob, suav nrog kua los ntawm leeg ntshav (IV) thiab lwm yam tshuaj thiab nqus pa (ua pa) yuav tsum tau.

Qhov tshwm sim tau cia siab tias yuav ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv Feem ntau ntawm kev mob npaws nrog kev kho mob, tab sis tsis zoo ntawm cov kab mob falciparum nrog cov teeb meem.

Cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv uas tuaj yeem yog los ntawm malaria muaj xws li:

• Mob Hlwb (cerebritis)
• Kev puas tsuaj rau cov qe ntshav (anemia ntshav khov)
• Raum tsis ua haujlwm
• Daim siab ua haujlwm
• Ua mob rau daim tawv nqaij
• Lub ntsws ua pa los ntawm cov kua hauv lub ntsws (pulmonary edema)
• Kev tawg ntawm tus po ua rau sab hauv los ntshav (los ntshav)

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj mob kub cev thiab mob taub hau tom qab mus txawv tebchaws.

Coob tus neeg uas nyob rau thaj chaw uas muaj tus kabmob malaria tau tsim muaj qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kabmob. Cov qhua yuav tsis muaj qhov tiv thaiv kab mob thiab yuav tsum noj tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom pom koj tus kws kho mob kom zoo ua ntej koj mus ncig. Qhov no vim tias kev kho mob yuav tsum pib ntev li 2 lub lis piam ua ntej taug kev mus rau thaj chaw, thiab txuas ntxiv rau ib hlis tom qab koj tawm ntawm thaj chaw. Feem coob ntawm cov neeg taug kev ntawm Tebchaws Meskas uas kis tus kabmob malaria tsis ua raws li kev ceev faj.

Cov hom tshuaj tiv thaiv malarial tshuaj yog nyob ntawm thaj chaw koj mus ntsib. Cov neeg taug kev mus rau South America, Africa, Indian chaw hla, Asia, thiab South Pacific yuav tsum nqa ib qho tshuaj hauv qab no: mefloquine, doxycycline, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine lossis atovaquone-proguanil. Txawm tias cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum xav txog kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv vim tias qhov pheej hmoo ntawm tus me nyuam los ntawm cov tshuaj tsawg dua qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus mob no.

Chloroquine tau siv cov tshuaj ntawm kev xaiv rau kev tiv thaiv tus kabmob malaria. Tab sis vim tias kev tawm tsam, tam sim no nws tsuas yog qhia rau kev siv hauv thaj chaw qhov twg Plasmodium vivax, P ov kheej, thiab P tshuaj malaria yog tam sim no.

Cov tshuaj malcillarar malaria yog hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv malarial Cov tshuaj pom zoo muaj xws li mefloquine, atovaquone / proguanil (Malarone), thiab doxycycline.

Tiv thaiv yoov tshaj cum tom los ntawm:

• Hnav cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv hla koj ob sab caj npab thiab ceg
• Siv yoov tshaj cum thaum pw tsaug zog
• Siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab

Yog xav paub txog malaria thiab kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv, mus saib CDC lub vev xaib: www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/index.html.

Tus mob npaws Quartan; Falciparum mob npaws; Biduoterian kub taub hau; Dub muag kub taub hau; Tertian malaria; Plasmodium

• Malaria - tsom qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cab
• Yoov tshaj cum, cov laus noj ntawm daim tawv nqaij
• Yoov Tshaj Cum, qe pob
• Yoov tshaj cum - larvae
• Mos, pupa
• Tshav mob npaws yaws, saib me me ntawm cov cab
• Kab mob npaws, photomicrograph ntawm cov cab cab ntawm tes
• Mob npaws

Ansong D, Seydel KB, Taylor TE. Mob npaws. Hauv: Ryan ET, Hill DR, Solomon T, Aronson NE, Endy TP, eds. Tus saib xyuas Kab Yeeb Qav thiab Kab Mob KisCov. 10 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 101.

Fairhurst RM, Wellems TE. Malaria (plasmodium hom)). Hauv: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, thiab Bennett's Cov Ntsiab Cai thiab Kev Coj Ua ntawm Kab Mob KisCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 274.

Freedman DO. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg ncig chaw. Hauv: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, thiab Bennett's Cov Ntsiab Cai thiab Kev Coj Ua ntawm Kab Mob Kis. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 318.