Kab mob ntsws: Cov lus qhia rau Kev Tiv Thaiv

Zoo Siab

• Txheej txheem cej luam
• Ua rau
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws
• Ceeb toom thiab phiv
• Cov lus qhia txog kev tiv thaiv
• Cov lus qhia txog kev rov qab los
• Nqa Nyiaj

Txheej txheem cej luam

Mob ntsws yog mob ntsws. Nws tsis kis rau lwm tus, tab sis nws nquag tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlab pa hauv lub qhov ntswg thiab caj pas, uas tuaj yeem sib kis tau.

Kev mob ntsws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua tus, lub hnub nyoog twg los xij. Cov menyuam mos hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos thiab cov laus dua 65 xyoos yog cov muaj pheej hmoo ntau dua. Lwm yam kev pheej hmoo muaj xws li:

• nyob hauv ib lub tsev kho mob lossis chaw teeb tsa
• siv lub tshuab pa ntsuas pa
• kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob ntau zaus
• lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob
• ib tus mob ntsws zoo zuj zus, xws li COPD
• hawb pob
• kab mob plawv
• haus luam yeeb

Cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau mob ntsws muaj kab mob ntsws muaj xws li cov uas:

• haus cawv ntau dhau los haus tshuaj muaj yees
• muaj teeb meem kev kho mob cuam tshuam rau lawv cov gag reflex, xws li mob hlwb lossis teeb meem nqos
• tab tom rov qab los ntawm kev phais mob uas yuav tsum siv tshuaj loog

Kev mob ntsws yog ib hom mob ntsws tshwj xeeb uas yog mob los ntawm nqus dej qaub ncaug, zaub mov, kua dej, lossis ntuav mus rau hauv koj lub ntsws. Nws tsis kis rau lwm tus.

Nyeem rau kom paub ntau ntxiv txog cov hau kev los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm mob ntsws.

Ua rau

Kev mob ntsws feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab kis mob siab ntsws. Cov mob ua pa sab saud tuaj yeem yog mob khaub thuas lossis mob khaub thuas. Lawv tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob, xws li khaub thuas, fungi, thiab kab mob. Cov kab mob sib kis tau ntau txoj hauv kev. Cov no suav nrog:

• los ntawm kev sib cuag, xws li tuav tes lossis hnia
• los ntawm huab cua, los ntawm kev txham lossis hnoos yam tsis tau npog koj lub qhov ncauj lossis qhov ntswg
• los ntawm cov chaw uas tau kov
• hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov kws kho mob lossis cov cuab yeej siv

Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws

Tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws zoo txo, tab sis tsis tshem tawm, koj qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav mob ntsws muaj dej. Muaj ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv cov mob ntsws: koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tus mob pneumococcal (PCV13 lossis Prevnar 13) thiab koob tshuaj pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23 lossis Pneumovax23).

Koob tshuaj tivthaiv pneumococcal conjugate tiv thaiv 13 hom kabmob uas ua rau muaj mob loj rau menyuam yaus thiab neeg laus. PCV13 yog ib feem ntawm txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov menyuam yaus thiab raug tswj hwm los ntawm tus kws kho menyuam yaus. Hauv cov menyuam mos, nws tau muab raws li koob 3 lossis 4 koob, pib thaum lawv muaj 2 hlis. Koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zaum kawg yog muab rau cov menyuam li 15 hlis.

Hauv cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 65 thiab laus dua, PCV13 raug txhaj raws li kev txhaj tshuaj ib zaug. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom rov kho dua nyob rau 5 txog 10 xyoo. Cov neeg ntawm lub hnub nyoog twg uas muaj feem phom sij, xws li lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv, yuav tsum tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no.

Koob tshuaj pneumococcal polysaccharide yog ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv ib koob uas tiv thaiv 23 hom kab mob. Nws tsis raug pom zoo rau menyuam yaus. Koob tshuaj PPSV23 raug pom zoo rau cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 65 xyoos uas twb tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv PCV13. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm ib xyoos tom qab.

Cov neeg hnub nyoog 19 txog 64 xyoo haus luam yeeb lossis muaj mob uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob ntsws dej siab tseem yuav tsum tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no. Cov neeg uas tau txais PPSV23 thaum muaj hnub nyoog 65 xyoos feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau rov tuaj dua tom qab lwm hnub.

Ceeb toom thiab phiv

Qee tus neeg yuav tsum tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws. Lawv suav nrog:

• cov neeg uas ua xua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis lwm yam tshuaj nyob hauv
• cov neeg uas muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj ntawm qhov tshuaj PCV7, uas yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws dej yav dhau los
• poj niam cev xeeb tub
• cov neeg uas mob khaub thuas hnyav, mob khaub thuas, lossis lwm yam mob

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ob leeg mob ntsws zoo puav leej muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim. Cov no suav nrog:

• liab lossis o ntawm thaj chaw txhaj tshuaj
• mob ib ce
• ua npaws
• ua daus no

Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws thiab mob ua npaws tib lub sijhawm. Qhov no yuav ua rau lawv muaj feem ua rau muaj mob kub taub hau qaug dab peg.

Cov lus qhia txog kev tiv thaiv

Muaj qee yam koj tuaj yeem ua ntxiv lossis ntxiv nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws. Kev noj qab haus huv zoo, uas pab ua rau koj lub cev muaj zog, tuaj yeem txo koj cov kev pheej hmoo mob ntsws. Kev tu cev kom zoo kuj tseem yuav pab tau. Tej yam koj tuaj yeem ua muaj xws li:

• Zam kev haus luam yeeb.
• Ntxuav koj ob txhais tes kom nquag nyob hauv dej sov thiab xab npus.
• Siv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes cawv cuaj caum thaum koj tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav koj txhais tes.
• Zam kev kis mus rau cov neeg muaj mob thaum muaj peev xwm ua tau.
• So kom txaus.
• Noj zaub mov zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv uas muaj ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, fiber ntau thiab cov protein tsis muaj.

Ua kom cov menyuam thiab cov menyuam yaus nyob deb ntawm cov neeg uas mob khaub thuas lossis mob npaws yuav pab txo lawv txoj kev pheej hmoo. Tsis tas li, nco ntsoov ntxuav koj lub qhov ntswg kom huv thiab qhuav, thiab qhia koj tus menyuam txham thiab hnoos rau hauv lub luj tshib es tsis txhob siv lawv txhais tes. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txo kev kis tus kab mob mus rau lwm tus neeg.

Yog tias koj twb tau khaub thuas lawm thiab txhawj xeeb tias nws yuav tig mus ua mob ntsws, tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kauj ruam uas koj tuaj yeem ua. Lwm cov lus qhia suav nrog:

• Nco ntsoov tias kom tau so kom txaus thaum rov zoo los ntawm kev mob khaub thuas lossis lwm yam mob.
• Haus dej kom ntau kom pab tshem tau qhov dhuav.
• Siv lub tshuab nqus pa noo noo.
• Noj tshuaj pab, xws li cov vitamin C thiab zinc, los pab txhawb koj lub cev kom muaj zog.

Cov lus qhia txog kev zam kom tsis txhob mob ntsws tom qab (mob ntsws tom qab kev phais mob) suav nrog:

• kev ua pa sib zog thiab hnoos, uas koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus nais maum yuav nrog koj hla
• ua kom koj txhais tes huv
• ua kom koj lub taub hau kom siab
• qhov ncauj tu cev, uas suav nrog antiseptic xws li chlorhexidine
• zaum ntau li ntau tau, thiab taug kev sai li sai tau

Cov lus qhia txog kev rov qab los

Yog tias koj muaj mob ntsws muaj dej los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau koj noj. Koj kuj tseem xav tau kev kho mob ua pa lossis oxygen ua raws li koj cov tsos mob. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab raws li koj cov tsos mob.

Koj tseem yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho hnoos yog tias koj qhov hnoos yog cuam tshuam nrog koj lub peev xwm los so. Txawm li cas los xij, hnoos yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev pab koj lub cev tshem tawm phlegm los ntawm lub ntsws.

So thiab haus dej kom ntau yuav pab koj kom koj tus mob zoo sai.

Nqa Nyiaj

Kev mob ntsws yog ib qho muaj feem ua kom mob hnyav ua pa rau cov hlab ntsws tuaj yeem mus rau mob ntsws. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau cov kab mob, suav nrog cov vais lav thiab kab mob. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos thiab laus dua 65 xyoo tau pom zoo kom txhawm rau txhawm rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws. Cov tib neeg lub hnub nyoog twg uas muaj pheej hmoo siab yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev tu cev huv si tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo mob ntsws dej.