Ntshav Seb Puas Muaj Ntshav (FOBT)

Zoo Siab

• Kev kuaj ntshav tsis muaj quav yog dab tsi?
• Nws siv rau dab tsi?
• Vim li cas kuv thiaj li xav tau kuaj cov quav ntshav lub cev?
• Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm kuaj quav neeg lub cev?
• Kuv puas yuav tau ua ib yam dab tsi txhawm rau npaj rau qhov kev xeem?
• Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev kuaj?
• Cov txiaj ntsig li cas?
• Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv xav paub txog kev kuaj ntshav quav quav?
• Ua tim khawv

Kev kuaj ntshav tsis muaj quav yog dab tsi?

Kev kuaj cov quav ntawm cov ntshav (feob occult test test (FOBT)) saib ntawm koj cov quav (quav) coj mus kuaj ntshav. Occult ntshav txhais tau tias koj tsis tuaj yeem pom nws nrog lub qhov muag liab qab. Cov ntshav hauv cov quav txhais tau tias yuav muaj qee yam kev los ntshav hauv lub zom zaub mov. Nws yuav tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam mob, suav nrog:

• Polyps
• Hemorrhoids
• Diverticulosis
• Kev mob raum
• Colitis, yog ib hom mob ntawm cov hnyuv

Ntshav nyob rau hauv cov quav kuj tseem yog qhov pom ntawm kev mob hnyuv, hom mob cancer uas pib mob plab hnyuv lossis txoj hnyuv tawm. Khees-xaws mob cancer yog thawj yam ua rau mob cancer hauv tebchaws Meskas thiab mob cancer thib 3 rau cov txiv neej thiab poj niam. Kev kuaj ntshav fecal occult yog qhov kev kuaj mob uas yuav pab nrhiav pom kabmob kheesxaws thaum ntxov, thaum kho tau zoo tshaj.

Lwm lub npe: FOBT, tso quav occult ntshav, kuaj ntshav occult, Hemoccult test, guaiac smear test, gFOBT, immunochemical FOBT, iFOBT; HAUM

Nws siv rau dab tsi?

Kev kuaj ntshav muaj feem ntawm ntshav yog siv los ntsuas thaum ntxov kuaj mob khees xaws plab hnyuv. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los soj ntsuam xyuas lwm yam mob uas ua rau los ntshav hauv txoj hnyuv zom zaub mov.

Vim li cas kuv thiaj li xav tau kuaj cov quav ntshav lub cev?

Lub koom haum National Cancer qhia tias cov neeg mus kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav txha nqaj mis pib txij hnub nyoog 50 xyoo. Cov kev ntsuas no muaj xws li:

• Kev kuaj quav quav DNACov. Rau kev sim no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv ntsuas tom tsev coj los ntsuas qhov quav thiab xa rov qab mus rau qhov chaw kuaj ntshav. Nws yuav kuaj xyuas cov ntshav thiab hloov pauv raws caj ces uas tej zaum yog tsos mob ntawm qog nqaij hlav. Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau zoo, koj yuav tsum kuaj txoj hnyuv laus.
• A txoj hnyuv. Nov yog kev phais mob me. Koj yuav xub muab me ntsis tshuaj kom pab koj so. Tom qab ntawd cov kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav siv cov tub luam me me los kuaj sab hauv txoj hnyuv

Muaj ntau qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo rau txhua hom kev xeem. Tham nrog koj lub tsev kho mob / kws kho mob txog seb qhov kev kuaj twg yog rau koj.

Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom kuaj cov quav muaj ntshav, koj yuav tsum tau txhaj txhua xyoo. Kev kuaj quav quav DNA yuav tsum tau kuaj txhua 3 xyoos, thiab kuaj txoj hnyuv laus yuav tsum tau kuaj ib zaug txhua txhua kaum xyoo.

Koj tuaj yeem yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ntau dua yog tias koj muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo. Cov no suav nrog:

• Tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm mob khees xaws
• Ua luam yeeb
• Kev pham
• Haus cawv ntau dhau

Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm kuaj quav neeg lub cev?

Kev kuaj ntshav ib qho ntawm lub cev yog kev kuaj ntshav yog qhov tsis yooj yim uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau tom tsev ntawm koj qhov yooj yim. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab ib qho khoom siv rau koj uas muaj cov lus qhia tias yuav kuaj li cas. Muaj ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj ntshav fecal occult: cov guaiac smear method (gFOBT) thiab hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (iFOBT lossis FIT). Hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia ib txwm muaj rau txhua qhov kev sim. Koj cov lus qhia yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv ntsuas.

Txog kev ntsuas guaiac smear (gFOBT), koj yuav yog feem ntau yuav tsum muaj:

• Cug cov hnoos qeev tuaj ntawm peb qhov quav txawv txav.
• Rau txhua qhov hnoos qeev, khaws cov quav thiab cia rau hauv lub thawv huv. Nco ntsoov tias cov hnoos qeev tsis xyaw nrog cov zis lossis dej los ntawm lub qhov viv.
• Siv cov neeg thov nkag los ntawm koj cov khoom siv sim los pleev qee cov quav ntawm daim npav kuaj sim lossis swb, kuj suav nrog hauv koj cov khoom siv.
• Sau npe thiab lo tag nrho koj cov hnoos qeev raws li qhia.
• Xa cov hnoos qeev mus rau koj lub tsev kuaj mob lossis kuaj ntshav.

Txog qhov ntsuas kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob fecal, koj feem ntau yuav xav tau:

• Cug cov hnoos qeev ntawm ob lossis peb qhov siv quav.
• Cug cov hnoos qeev los ntawm lub qhov tso quav siv cov txhuam tshwj xeeb lossis lwm yam khoom siv uas tau ntim hauv koj cov khoom siv.
• Rau txhua tus qauv, siv tus txhuam los yog khoom siv coj tus qauv los ntawm cov quav ua tawv nqaij.
• Txhuam cov hnoos qeev mus rau daim ntawv sim.
• Sau npe thiab lo tag nrho koj cov hnoos qeev raws li qhia.
• Xa cov hnoos qeev mus rau koj lub tsev kuaj mob lossis kuaj ntshav.

Nco ntsoov ua raws txhua cov lus qhia hauv koj pob khoom, thiab tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj lus nug.

Kuv puas yuav tau ua ib yam dab tsi txhawm rau npaj rau qhov kev xeem?

Qee yam khoom noj thiab tshuaj muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm guaiac smear method (gFOBT). Koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom koj ua zam dhau cov hauv qab no:

• Cov tshuaj nonsteroidal, tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv mob (NSAIDs) xws li ibuprofen, naproxen, lossis tshuaj aspirin rau xya hnub uantej koj kuaj. Yog tias koj noj tshuaj aspirin rau kev mob plawv, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej tsum tsis noj koj cov tshuaj. Acetaminophen yuav muaj kev nyab xeeb rau siv nyob rau lub sijhawm no, tab sis nug koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej noj.
• Ntau tshaj 250 mg ntawm cov vitamin C txhua hnub los ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv, kua txiv, lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau xya hnub ua ntej ntsuas koj li. Vitamin C tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov tshuaj hauv cov sim thiab ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo txawm tias muaj ntshav tawm.
• Cov nqaij liab, xws li nqaij nyug, nqaij yaj, thiab nqaij npuas rau peb hnub ua ntej kev kuaj. Ib co kua nplaum hauv cov ntshav hauv cov nqaij yuav ua rau pom qhov tsis tseeb.

Tsis muaj kev npaj tshwj xeeb lossis kev noj haus kev txwv rau kev kuaj kab mob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (feIT immunochemical test) (FIT).

Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev kuaj?

Tsis muaj qhov paub tseeb tias yuav muaj kev kuaj ntshav ntawm qhov quav.

Cov txiaj ntsig li cas?

Yog tias koj cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig rau ib qho twg ntawm kev kuaj ntshav fecal occult, nws txhais tau tias koj yuav muaj los ntshav ib qho hauv koj cov hnyuv. Tab sis nws tsis txhais tau tias koj muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Lwm yam mob uas yuav ua tau qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev kuaj ntshav muaj quav xws li mob rau sab hauv, hemorrhoids, polyps, thiab mob qog. Yog tias koj cov ntawv kuaj tau zoo rau cov ntshav, koj tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav pom zoo kom kuaj ntxiv, xws li txoj hnyuv laus, kom paub tseeb qhov chaw nyob thiab vim li cas koj los ntshav. Yog koj muaj lus nug txog koj cov txiaj ntsig, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham.

Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov kev sim hauv chaw soj ntsuam, cov chaw siv ntsuas, thiab nkag siab cov txiaj ntsig tau.

Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv xav paub txog kev kuaj ntshav quav quav?

Kuaj mob hnyuv tas mus li, xws li kuaj quav muaj ntshav, yog ib qho tseem ceeb coj los tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias kev tshuaj ntsuam yuav pab nrhiav pom mob qog nqaij hlav thaum ntxov, thiab tuaj yeem txo kev tuag los ntawm tus kab mob no.

Ua tim khawv

1. American Cancer Society [Internet]. Atlanta: American Cancer Society Inc .; c2017. American Cancer Society Cov Lus Taw Qhia rau Kab Mob Khees Xaws (Cancer) Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Ntxov Thaum Ntxov; [kho tshiab 2016 Jun 24; raug nplua 2017 Feb 18;]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/acs-re អនុសាសន៍ations.html
2. American Cancer Society [Internet]. Atlanta: American Cancer Society Inc .; c2017. Kev Kuaj Kab Mob Kuaj Kob Menyuam Qwj; [kho tshiab 2016 Jun 24; raug nplua 2017 Feb 18]; [txog 8 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm:https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/screening-tests-used.html
3. American Cancer Society [Internet]. Atlanta: American Cancer Society Inc .; c2017. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Kuaj mob hnyuv; [kho tshiab 2016 Jun 24; raug nplua 2017 Feb 18]; [txog 5 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm:https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/importance-of-crc-sawvs.html
4. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Cov Lus Qhia Yooj Yim Txog Kab Mob Khees Xaws; [kho tshiab 2016 Apr 25; raug nplua 2017 Feb 18]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm:https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/index.htm
5. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Kev Txheeb Xyuas Cov Mob Nqaij hlav hnyuv loj; [kho tshiab 2016 Jun 20; raug nplua 2017 Feb 18]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm:https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/statistics/index.htm
6. Kev mob caj dab Colorectal Cancer Alliance [Internet]. Washington D.C .: Kev Koom Tes Nrog Kob Mob Cancer; Kev kuaj mob hnyuv; [hais tawm 2019 Plaub Hlis 1]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.ccalliance.org/sabnplooj-txhobkawm/sawv-ntau-ntej/colonoscopy
7. Kev mob caj dab Colorectal Cancer Alliance [Internet]. Washington D.C .: Kev Koom Tes Nrog Kob Mob Cancer; Cov quav DNA; [hais tawm 2019 Plaub Hlis 1]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.ccalliance.org/sawv-txhob-sib-hwmhwm-sawv-ntuj/ntxoo-dna
8. FDA: Asmeskas Cov Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj Yeeb Tshuaj [Internet]. Nyiaj Caij Nplooj Hlav (MD): Asmeskas Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Khees Xaws Mob Cancer: Yam Koj Yuav Tsum Tau Paub; [kho tshiab 2017 Mar 16; raug nplua 2019 Plaub Hlis 1]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm443595.htm 
9. Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth phau ntawv ntawm Kev Kuaj Xyuas thiab Kuaj Xyuas Ntsuas. 2^nd Ed, Kindle. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Kev Ntshav Seb Puas Muaj Ntshav (FOBT); p. 292.
10. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas online [Internet]. Washington D.C .: Koom Haum Asmeskas Rau Chaw Kuaj Mob; c2001–2017. Kev Ua Ntshav Quav Tshaj Tawm thiab Kuaj Ntshav Kev Ntshav Hauv Ib Ntus: Ntawm Qhov Pom; [kho tshiab 2015 Oct 30; raug nplua 2017 Feb 18]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/glance/
11. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas online [Internet]. Washington D.C .: Koom Haum Asmeskas Rau Chaw Kuaj Mob; c2001–2017. Kev Ntsuas Ntshav Quav Tshaj thiab Kuaj Ntshav Kev Ntsuas Qib: Kev Ntsuas Tshuaj; [kho tshiab 2015 Oct 30; raug nplua 2017 Feb 18]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/test/
12. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas online [Internet]. Washington D.C .: Koom Haum Asmeskas Rau Chaw Kuaj Mob; c2001–2017. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ntshav thiab Kuaj Kev Ntsuas Qog: Cov Qauv Ntsuas; [kho tshiab 2015 Oct 30; raug nplua 2017 Feb 18]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/sample/
13. National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Khees Xaws Mob Qog Qog: Tus Neeg Mob Version; [hais tawm 2017 Feb 18]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm:https://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xaib no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los hloov chaw kho mob lossis tswv yim kho mob. Hu rau kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.