Demyelination: Dab Tsi Yog Dab Tsi Thiab Nws Vim Li Cas?

Zoo Siab

• Leeg
• Myelin
• Cov ua rau demyelination
• Cov tsos mob ntawm demyelination
• Cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm demyelination
• Cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog cov nyhuv ntawm demyelination rau qab haus huv
• Hom ntawm demyelination
• Kev ua paug mob hlwb
• Kis ua txhaum
• Demyelination thiab ntau yam sclerosis
• Txoj kev kho thiab kuaj mob
• Demyelination MRI
• Statins
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab demyelination
• Nqa Nyiaj

Dab tsi yog dab tsi?

Cov leeg xa xov xa tawm thiab tau txais cov lus los ntawm txhua qhov ntawm koj lub cev thiab ua lawv cov hauv koj lub hlwb. Lawv cia koj mus:

• hais lus
• saib
• xav tias
• xav

Ntau cov hlab ntsha yog coated hauv myelin. Myelin yog cov khoom siv insulating. Thaum nws hnav lossis ploj, cov leeg yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj, ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv lub hlwb thiab thoob plaws lub cev. Kev puas tsuaj rau myelin ncig cov hlab ntsha yog hu ua demyelination.

Leeg

Cov hlab ntsha tau ua los ntawm neurons. Neurons yog li ntawm:

• lub cev lub cev
• dendrites
• lub axon

Tus axon xa cov lus ntawm ib tus neuron mus rau lwm qhov. Axons tseem txuas cov neurons rau lwm lub hlwb, xws li cov leeg mob.

Qee qhov axon luv heev, thaum lwm tus yog 3 ko taw ntev. Axons raug them hauv myelin. Myelin tiv thaiv cov axon thiab pab nqa cov xov axon kom sai li sai tau.

Myelin

Myelin yog ua los ntawm cov txheej txheej membrane uas npog lub axon. Qhov no zoo li lub tswv yim ntawm hluav taws xob xaim nrog txheej tiv thaiv kom tiv thaiv cov hlau hauv qab.

Myelin pub rau cov leeg xa hluav taws xob mus nrawm dua. Hauv qhov tsis muaj dab tsi neurons, lub teeb liab tuaj yeem tuaj yeem mus txog ntawm cov hlab ntshav ntawm li 1 meter ib ob. Hauv myelinated neuron, lub teeb liab tuaj yeem taug kev 100 meters ib ob.

Qee yam mob yuav ua rau myelin puas tau. Demyelination ua rau qis qis cov lus xa nrog axons thiab ua rau lub axon zuj zus. Nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj, axon poob tuaj yeem ua teeb meem nrog:

• kev xav
• tsiv tsev
• pom
• hnov
• xav kom meej meej

Cov ua rau demyelination

Kev o yog qhov tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm kev ua kom puas myelin. Lwm cov laj thawj suav nrog:

• qee yam kis tau tus kab mob
• teeb meem metabolic
• poob ntawm cov pa
• lub cev compression

Cov tsos mob ntawm demyelination

Demyelination tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha uas tuaj yeem ua cov lus xa mus rau thiab los ntawm lub hlwb. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm demyelination tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai. Hauv Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), myelin tsuas tuaj yeem tawm tsam li ob peb teev ua ntej cov tsos mob tshwm sim.

Cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm demyelination

Tsis yog txhua tus tau cuam tshuam los ntawm demyelinating tej yam kev mob hauv tib txoj kev. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov tsos mob demyelinating muaj ntau heev.

Cov tsos mob thaum ntxov - uas yog ntawm thawj cov cim ntawm demyelination - suav nrog:

• tsis pom kev
• zais zis los sis tso quav
• txawv txav leeg
• zuag qhia tag nrho qaug zog

Cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog cov nyhuv ntawm demyelination rau qab haus huv

Cov hlab ntsha yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj lub cev ua haujlwm, yog li ntau cov tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha cuam tshuam los ntawm demyelination, suav nrog:

• loog
• xiam ntawm reflexes thiab uncoordinated tsiv
• kev tswj ntshav siab tsis zoo
• qhov muag plooj
• kiv taub hau
• sib tw lub plawv khiav ceev lossis palpitations
• teeb meem nco
• kev mob
• poob ntawm lub zais zis thiab txoj hnyuv tswj
• nkees

Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem mus thiab mob mus ntev, zoo li ntau yam mob sclerosis (MS), thiab kev nce qib xyoo.

Hom ntawm demyelination

Nws muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm demyelination. Cov no suav nrog qhov mob dab ntxaug thiab kab mob sib kis.

Kev ua paug mob hlwb

Inflammatory demyelination tshwm sim thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam myelin. Hom mob demyelination zoo li MS, optic neuritis, thiab mob rau daim tawv nqaij yog los ntawm tus mob hauv hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum.

GBS cuam tshuam nrog rau lub ntsej muag ua pa ntawm cov hlab ntsha leeg hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev.

Kis ua txhaum

Viral demyelination tshwm sim nrog kev nce qib ntau ntau cov ntsiab lus tsis sib xws (PML). PML tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob JC. Myelin kev puas tsuaj kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog:

• quav cawv
• mob siab puas tsuaj
• electrolyte tsis txaus

Hypoxic-ischemic demyelination tshwm sim vim yog vascular kab mob lossis tsis muaj oxygen hauv lub hlwb.

Demyelination thiab ntau yam sclerosis

MS yog tus mob tshaj plaws ntawm kev mob demyelinating. Raws li National MS Society, nws cuam tshuam rau 2.3 lab tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb.

Hauv MS, demyelination tshwm sim hauv cov teeb meem dawb ntawm lub hlwb thiab hauv tus txha caj qaum.Txhab lossis "quav hniav" ces ua rau qhov twg myelin raug mob tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob. Ntau yam ntawm cov plaques, lossis caws pliav, tshwm sim thoob plaws hauv lub hlwb mus ntau xyoo.

Cov hom MS yog:

• clinically raug mob sib cais
• relapsing-remitting MS
• thawj theem kawm MS
• theem nrab hnyav MS

Txoj kev kho thiab kuaj mob

Tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo rau kev mob demyelinating, tab sis kev loj hlob tshiab myelin tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws nquag ntau yuag thiab tsis ua hauj lwm zoo. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau saib txoj hauv kev los ua kom lub cev muaj peev xwm loj hlob tuaj tshiab myelin.

Feem ntau cov kev kho mob rau demyelinating tej yam kev mob txo qis tiv thaiv kab mob. Txoj kev kho yog siv cov tshuaj xws li interferon beta-1a lossis glatiramer acetate.

Cov neeg uas muaj cov vitamin D qis ntau yuav yooj yim kho MS lossis lwm yam kev mob. Theem ntawm cov vitamin D ntau tuaj yeem txo cov kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev.

Demyelination MRI

Demyelinating tej yam kev mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog MS thiab optic neuritis, lossis o ntawm cov hlab optic, yog kuaj nrog MRI scans. MRI tuaj yeem qhia cov pliav pliav quav hauv lub hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha, tshwj xeeb yog cov uas tshwm sim los ntawm MS.

Koj tus neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub qhwv lossis qhov chaw mob uas cuam tshuam rau koj cov leeg hlwb. Kev kho tuaj yeem qhia ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm demyelination hauv koj lub cev.

Statins

Cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab (CNS) tuaj yeem tsim nws tus kheej cov roj (cholesterol). Qhia tawm tam sim no tias yog tias koj noj cov statins kom txo cov roj hauv koj lub cev, lawv yuav tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau koj cov roj CNS.

Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb kuj tau pom tias kev kho statin tuaj yeem tiv thaiv Alzheimer's AD (AD) rau cov neeg uas tsis tau ntsib teeb meem kev txawj ntse thiab tseem hluas heev.

tau pom tias statins tuaj yeem qeeb tus lej ntawm qhov kev txawj ntse poob qis thiab ncua kev pib ntawm AD. Kev tshawb fawb txuas mus ntxiv, thiab peb tsis muaj cov lus teb tseem. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias statins tsis cuam tshuam rau CNS lossis kev kho dua tshiab, thiab tseem muaj lwm tus hais tias lawv ua.

Tam sim no, feem ntau ntawm cov pov thawj tsis qhia kev kho mob statin kom muaj kev phom sij rau kev kho nyob hauv CNS. Tseem, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm statins rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev txawj ntse tseem muaj kev tsis sib haum rau lub sijhawm no.

Tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab demyelination

Ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog nrog koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob autoimmune. Qhov no zoo li tsuas tshwm sim hauv ob peb tus neeg uas muaj lub cev tiv thaiv tsis tau kab mob siab.

Qee tus menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus ntsib “mob vwm” tom qab kis tau qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv, xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws lossis HPV.

Tab sis tsuas muaj 71 daim ntawv teev txog txij xyoo 1979 txog rau 2014, thiab nws tsis paub meej tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov ua rau raug rhuav tshem.

Nqa Nyiaj

Demyelinating tej yam kev mob tuaj yeem zoo nkaus li mob thiab tswj tsis tau thaum xub thawj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem tau nyob zoo nrog MS thiab lwm yam xwm txheej.

Muaj kev cog lus tshiab tshawb nrhiav txog cov laj thawj ntawm demyelination thiab yuav kho cov roj ntsha li cas ntawm myelin deterioration. Cov kev kho mob tseem tau txhim kho rau kev tswj hwm kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm demyelination.

Demyelinating tej yam kev mob yuav tsis tuaj yeem kho. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem tham nrog koj kev noj qab haus huv txog cov tshuaj thiab lwm yam kev kho mob uas yuav pab koj kawm paub ntxiv txog koj tus mob.

Koj paub ntau, koj yuav ua tau ntau yam los kho cov tsos mob, xws li hloov pauv kev ua neej, kom pab koj tswj tau qhov mob.