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Tshuaj zoo mob plawv mob ntsws mob ntshav siab zoo hnoos 11 Feb 2019
Daim Duab: Tshuaj zoo mob plawv mob ntsws mob ntshav siab zoo hnoos 11 Feb 2019

Zoo Siab

Txheej txheem cej luam

Mob ntsws asthma yog ib hom mob uas ua rau hawb pob hnyav. Lo lus "nkig" txhais tau tias nyuaj los tswj. Mob ntsws hawb pob kuj tseem hu ua hawb pob tsis khov thiab tsis txaus ntseeg vim tias nws tuaj yeem tsim kev tuag taus rau lub neej.

Tsis zoo li cov mob hawb pob tsawg dua, cov mob hawb pob nyhav nyhav tiv thaiv kev kho mob ib txwm muaj, xws li nqus cov pa corticosteroids. Nws tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij rau lub neej, thiab nws yuav koom nrog ntau tus kws kho mob mus ntsib, mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, thiab noj tshuaj ntau dua li lwm yam mob hawb pob.

Mob ntsws ua pa cuam tshuam txog 0.05 feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg muaj hawb pob. Tsis yog txhua tus kws kho mob pom zoo rau kev siv hom kev faib tawm no, vim qee tus neeg mob hawb pob uas muaj lawv cov tsos mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem tseem muaj kev phom sij txog kev tuag taus hawb pob.


Dab tsi yog hom mob ua pa nyuaj?

Nws muaj ob hom mob ua pa hawb pob. Ob qho tib si yog hnyav, tab sis lawv muaj cov qauv sib txawv ntawm qhov loj heev.

Hom 1

Hom mob hawb pob no koom nrog txhua hnub ntawm kev ua pa thiab nquag tawm tsam sai dua uas muaj mob ntau dua. Ua tsis taus pa yog ntsuas raws qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev nrau mus los (PEF). Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas tus mob no, koj yuav tsum muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv txhua hnub hauv kev ua pa ntau dua 50 feem pua ​​nyob rau lub sijhawm tsib lub hlis.

Cov neeg muaj hom 1 tseem yuav muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tej zaum yuav kis tau tus mob ua pa yooj yim. Ntau dua 50 feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg uas muaj tus mob hom 1 mob ntsws hawb pob kuj tseem ua xua zaub mov rau cov nplej thiab cov khoom noj siv mis. Koj yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob ntau zaus kom tswj tau koj tus mob.

Hom 2

Tsis zoo li hom tshuaj 1 uas yog hawb pob, hom mob hawb pob no tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo los ntawm kev siv tshuaj rau ncua sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj mob hawb pob sai tshwm sim, nws yuav tshwm sim sai sai, feem ntau hauv peb teev. Koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas ib qho txiaj ntsig pom tau.


Kev mob hawb pob no yuav tsum tau txais kev pab sai sai, feem ntau suav nrog kev txhawb nqa cua. Nws tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij tau yog tias tsis kho kom sai.

Dab tsi yog qhov pheej hmoo txaus ua rau mob ntsws asthma?

Cov ua rau mob hawb pob tsis paub meej, tab sis qee yam kev pheej hmoo tau raug txheeb xyuas. Ntau yam kev pheej hmoo ua rau mob hawb pob yog tib yam li cov uas tsis tshua mob hawb pob. Cov no suav nrog qhov xwm txheej ntawm koj lub ntsws lub sijhawm, koj tau ua haujlwm ntev npaum li cas koj muaj mob hawb pob, thiab qhov mob ua xua ntau dua ntawm kev ua xua.

Ua poj niam muaj hnub nyoog thaj tsam 15 txog 55 xyoos yuav ua rau koj muaj feem kis mob ntsws hawb pob 1 ntau Hom 2 mob ntsws asthma yog pom sib luag hauv txiv neej thiab poj niam.

Lwm yam kev pheej hmoo ntxiv rau kev mob ntsws asthma yog:

  • ua rog, uas feem ntau yog nrog pw tsaug zog apnea
  • cov kev hloov kho noob, suav nrog kev txiav txim tawm txhob txwm ua rau qee cov tshuaj kho hawb pob
  • ib puag ncig raug rau cov ua xua, xws li plua plav, kab laum, pwm, miv dander, thiab nees
  • cov khoom noj ua xua, nrog rau kev ua xua rau cov khoom noj siv mis, nplej, ntses, citrus, qe, qos, taum, txiv laum huab xeeb, poov xab, thiab chocolate
  • luam yeeb
  • cov kab mob ua pa, tshwj xeeb yog menyuam yaus
  • sinusitis, uas cuam tshuam 80 feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg mob hawb pob heev
  • pathogens xws li mycoplasma thiab chlamydia
  • lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob
  • cov qauv hloov hauv cov hlab pa
  • lub siab lub ntsws, nrog rau kev nyuaj siab

Lub hnub nyoog tseem tuaj yeem yog qhov txaus ntshai. Hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm 80 tus neeg muaj mob ntsws asthma, uas suav nrog hawb pob, cov neeg tshawb nrhiav pom tias:


  • ze li ob feem peb ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom tsim muaj mob hawb pob ua ntej hnub nyoog 12
  • ib feem peb tsim kho hawb pob tom qab hnub nyoog 12 xyoos
  • 98 feem pua ​​ntawm cov pib koom nrog thaum ntxov muaj kev fab tshuaj tsis haum
  • tsuas yog 76 feem pua ​​ntawm cov tuaj koom lig dhau los tau muaj qhov kev fab tshuaj tsis haum
  • cov tib neeg muaj mob nyuam qhuav pib mob hawb pob ntau dua muaj tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm muaj eczema thiab hawb pob
  • Cov neeg Asmeskas neeg Asmeskas muaj feem yuav muaj mob hawb pob thaum ntxov

Raws nraim li cas no yam ua rau txhawb hawb pob hawb pob yog qhov kev kawm tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua.

Yuav kuaj li cas thiaj paub tias yog mob hawb pob?

Txhawm rau kuaj mob nrog mob ntsws ua pa, koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj koj lub cev, ntsuas koj lub ntsws ua haujlwm thiab PEF, thiab nug txog cov tsos mob thiab tsev neeg keeb kwm. Lawv kuj yuav tsum txiav txim siab tawm lwm cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub ntsws tsis zoo, xws li mob cystic fibrosis.

Qhov mob hnyav ntawm koj cov tsos mob thiab koj cov lus teb rau kev kho yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob.

Yuav tswj hwm tus mob hawb pob li cas?

Tswj hwm tus mob hawb pob yog txoj thiab xav kom txhua tus neeg mus kom ze rau txhua tus. Koj tus kws kho mob tseem yuav tham txog cov kev mob nyhav heev tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm tus mob no. Lawv yuav qhia koj kom mus ntsib tus kws sab laj (asthma counselor) lossis pab pawg kho mob kom nkag siab zoo dua txog tus kabmob thiab kev khomob.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav kho thiab saib xyuas txhua yam kab mob uas koj yuav muaj, xws li lub plab zom zaub mov (GERD), rog, lossis ua tsis taus pa tsaug zog. Lawv kuj tseem yuav saib xyuas kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv tshuaj rau cov mob no thiab koj tus mob hawb pob.

Tshuaj kho mob nkeeg

Kev kho rau mob ntsws hawb pob tuaj yeem suav nrog ntau hom tshuaj, xws li:

  • nqus cov tshuaj corticosteroids
  • beta agonists
  • leukotriene hloov kho
  • qhov ncauj theophylline
  • tiotropium bromide

Tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb ntev los ntawm kev kho mob sib xyaw ua ke, yog li koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas koj cov lus teb kom zoo. Yog tias koj tus mob ua pa tsis tau tswj nrog txoj kev kho ua ke rau, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem hloov kho koj cov tshuaj kom txhaj qis tshaj qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.

Qee cov neeg mob ntsws asthma yuav tiv taus cov tshuaj hu ua corticosteroids. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sim noj cov tshuaj corticosteroids ua pa lossis sau ntawv siv ob zaug ib hnub. Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav sim cov tshuaj corticosteroids rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, tab sis cov no muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim, xws li txha, thiab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas.

Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav pom zoo cov kev kho mob hauv qab no ntxiv rau cov tshuaj steroids:

  • Tshuaj tua kab mob macrolide. Cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm kev taw qhia tias clarithromycin (Biaxin) tuaj yeem txo qhov o, tab sis kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau.
  • Anti-fungal txoj kev kho. qhia tau tias qhov ncauj itraconazole (Sporanox), noj ob zaug ib hnub rau yim lub lis piam, txhim kho cov tsos mob.
  • Recombinant monoclonal anti-immunoglobulin E cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Omalizumab (Xolair), muab txhua hli hauv qab daim tawv, muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov mob hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob thiab lub neej zoo. Cov tshuaj no kim heev thiab yuav ua rau muaj kev mob tshwm sim.
  • Terbutaline (Brethine). Qhov no beta agonist, muab tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij los yog nqus tau, tau pom tias txhim kho kev mob ntsws hauv qee qhov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam.

Cov tshuaj tsis raug cai

Lwm hom kev kho mob tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qee cov neeg uas tsis teb zoo rau cov kev kho mob qauv. Cov no yog cov kev kho mob soj ntsuam sim:

  • Ib koob tshuaj intramuscular triamcinolone. Hauv kev sim tshuaj, kev kho mob no tau pom txo qis mob hauv cov neeg laus thiab tseem muaj mob hawb pob hauv cov menyuam yaus.
  • Kev kho los tiv thaiv kev kho mob, xws li qog necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors. Rau qee tus neeg, cov tshuaj no rau lub nruab zog tiv thaiv kab mob.
  • Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li cyclosporin A. Ib txhia qhia tias lawv muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
  • Lwm txoj kev kho mob uas hloov kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), nyob hauv kev soj ntsuam thaum ntxov thiab qhia kev cog lus raws li kev kho mob yav tom ntej.

Koj txoj kev xam pom yog mob hawb pob li cas?

Tus yuam sij rau kev tswj hwm tus mob ua tsis taus pa yog kom paub cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob huam sai sai thiab yuav tsum paub txog koj yam chiv keeb. Nrhiav kev pab xwm txheej ceev kom sai yuav cawm koj txoj sia.

Yog tias koj muaj hom 2, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tau siv koj EpiPen ntawm thawj qhov cim ntawm kev ntxhov siab.

Koj tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev txhawb nqa pab rau cov neeg muaj mob ntsws asthma. Hawb pob thiab Ua xua Foundation ntawm America tuaj yeem ua rau koj muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov pab pawg txhawb nqa hauv ib cheeb tsam.

Cov lus qhia rau kev tiv thaiv mob hawb pob

Muaj qee yam koj tuaj yeem ua los pab txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo mob hawb pob:

  • Txo cov plua plav hauv tsev los ntawm kev ntxuav tu tsis tu ncua, thiab hnav lub looj ntsej muag kom tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm hmoov av thaum koj huv.
  • Siv lub tshuab ua cua txias lossis sim ua kom lub qhov rais kaw thaum lub caij hnav tsoo.
  • Ua kom cov av noo theem zoo tshaj. Lub vias dej yuav pab tau yog tias koj nyob hauv qhov huab cua qhuav.
  • Siv cov hmoov av-npog npog rau hauv koj lub hauv ncoo thiab daim txaj pw me me los txhawm rau kom cov hmoov av nyob hauv chav pw.
  • Tshem tawm cov ntaub pua plag thaum tsim nyog, thiab nqus tsev lossis ntxuav cov ntaub thiab cov duab ntxoo.
  • Tswj pwm nyob hauv chav ua noj thiab chav dej, thiab tu koj lub vaj thiab nplooj ntoo uas tuaj yeem tsim pwm.
  • Zam kev rau tsiaj yug. Qee zaum cov khoom nqus cua yuav pab tau. Da dej rau koj cov tsiaj plaub tsiaj tsis tu ncua kuj yuav pab kom da dej kom qis.
  • Tiv thaiv koj lub qhov ncauj thiab lub qhov ntswg thaum koj nyob sab nraum zoov thaum txias.

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