Dab tsi tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub Cov khoom xyaw yuav tau saib rau - thiab Cov Khoom Siv Txiav Txim Siab Qhov twg kom tsis txhob

Zoo Siab

• Qhov tob, thoob ntiaj teb saib mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm UV-thaiv cov khoom xyaw
• 1. Tinosorb S thiab M
• Cov lus qhia tseeb
  
• 2. Mexoryl SX
• Cov lus qhia tseeb
  
• 3. Oxybenzone
• Cov lus qhia tseeb
  
• 4. Lub Kaum Hli
• Cov lus qhia tseeb
  
• 5. Avobenzone
• Cov lus qhia tseeb
  
• 6. Titanium dioxide
• Cov lus qhia tseeb
  
• 7. Zinc oxide
• Cov lus qhia tseeb
  
• 8 thiab 9. PABA thiab trolamine salicylate PABA
• Cov lus qhia tseeb
  
• Vim li cas cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub cov tshuaj pom zoo thiaj li nyuaj hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas?
• Hauv lub sijhawm, cov neeg siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub zoo li peb yuav tsum tau kawm peb tus kheej ntawm cov khoom xyaw tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv

Qhov tob, thoob ntiaj teb saib mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm UV-thaiv cov khoom xyaw

Koj tuaj yeem paub tsim tseeb: Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv daim tawv tiv thaiv cov hnub ci duab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tshav ntuj UV.

Ob qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob, UVA thiab UVB, ua kom tawv nqaij puas tsuaj, ua rau lub hnub nyoog tsis ntev, thiab ua rau koj muaj feem yuav ua kom tawv nqaij tawv. Thiab cov duab xoo hluav taws xob tau chwv koj cov tawv nqaij thawm niaj thawm xyoo, txawm tias thaum huab lossis huab cua nyob sab hauv tsev (qee qhov UV UV tuaj yeem nkag hauv iav).

Tab sis xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tsis yooj yim xws li thawb ib lub raj mis los ntawm txee. Tsis yog txhua yam tiv thaiv lub hnub yuav muaj qhov zoo tib yam, kev pheej hmoo, lossis cov lus qhia.

Qhov tseeb, qee cov khoom xyaw yuav pab tiv thaiv kev hlawv tab sis tsis laus, thaum lwm tus suav hais tias yog kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg, tab sis tsis yog ib puag ncig.

Yog li ntawd koj daim tawv nqaij kom paub tias dab tsi ua haujlwm? Peb tau txais koj sab nraum qab ntawm txhua qhov pom zoo, txwv, thiab cov xwm txheej hauv-flux thoob ntiaj teb. FYI: Feem ntau cov qauv tsim tau tsawg kawg yog ob lub UV-lim cov khoom xyaw.

1. Tinosorb S thiab M

Pom muaj nyob rau hauv chemical sunscreens

Ib qho ntawm cov khoom lag luam nrov tshaj plaws nyob sab Europe, Tinosorb S tuaj yeem tiv thaiv UVB thiab UVA rays, ntev thiab luv, ua rau nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv hnub tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj. Tinosorb tseem pab ua kom ruaj khov lwm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab muaj kev tso cai ntau txog 10 feem pua.

Txawm li cas los, FDA tsis tau pom zoo cov khoom siv no rau ntau qhov laj thawj, raws li Newsweek, "tsis muaj ntaub ntawv" thiab tsuas yog raug nug rau "kev txiav txim siab, tsis yog kev pom zoo."

Cov khoom xyaw feem ntau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub kom txhawb nws txoj kev ua tau zoo thiab tseem tsis tau txuas nrog txhua qhov kev pheej hmoo.

Cov lus qhia tseeb

• Pom zoo hauv: Australia, Nyiv, Europe
• Raug txwv rau hauv: Meskas
• Zoo rau: Antioxidant cov txiaj ntsig thiab tiv thaiv hnub tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj
• Coral muaj kev nyab xeeb? Tsis paub

2. Mexoryl SX

Pom muaj nyob rau hauv chemical sunscreens

Mexoryl SX yog UV lim uas siv rau hauv cov khoom xa khoom tshav ntuj thiab siv tshuaj pleev thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv UVA1 rays, uas yog qhov ntev ntev ntev uas ua rau tawv nqaij laus.

Ib qho pom tau tias nws ua tau zoo UV nqus thiab zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hnub.

Txawm tias cov tshuaj no tau nyob hauv European ncig txij li xyoo 1993, FDA tsis tau pom zoo cov khoom no rau L'Oréal mus txog xyoo 2006. Hauv kev kho mob, nws tau pom zoo rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 6 lub hlis.

Saib nws nrog: Avobenzone. Thaum ua ke nrog avobenzone, UVA tiv thaiv ntawm ob yam khoom xyaw yog.

Cov lus qhia tseeb

• Pom zoo hauv: Tebchaws Asmeskas, Australia, Europe, Nyiv
• Raug txwv rau hauv: Tsis muaj
• Zoo rau: Kev tiv thaiv hnub tiv thaiv
• Coral muaj kev nyab xeeb? Yog lawm

3. Oxybenzone

Pom nyob rau hauv lub cev sunscreens

Oxybenzone, feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv tshav puam sab hnub poob, pab lim ob qho UVB thiab UVA sab (tshwj xeeb luv luv UVA). Nws kuj tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw nrov tshaj plaws, pom nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas kev ua lag luam thiab tuaj yeem ua rau 6 feem pua ​​ntawm lub raj mis.

Txawm li cas los xij, Hawaii tau txwv tsis pub cov khoom noj no tom qab kev tshawb fawb, tsim los ntawm Haereticus Environmental lab, pom tias cov khoom xyaw ua rau muaj tshuaj dawb thiab ua rau cov xim pob zeb ua paug. Rau cov laj thawj ib puag ncig, koj yuav xav kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom no thiab nrhiav cov duab tshav ntuj ntsuab.

Feem ntau tsis ntev los no, pom tias peb cov tawv nqaij nqus cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub zoo li oxygenbenzone. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ntau heev rau "kev tiv thaiv tshav ntuj", txawm hais tias txoj kev tshawb fawb qhia tsis muaj kev phom sij pom thiab xaus lus tias "cov txiaj ntsig no tsis tau qhia tias cov tib neeg yuav tsum tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub."

kuj lees tias oxygenbenzone tsis pom tseeb cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam txog endocrine.

Cov lus qhia tseeb

• Pom zoo hauv: Tebchaws Asmeskas (tshwj tsis yog Hawaii), Australia, Europe
• Txwv hauv: Nyivpooj
• Zoo rau: Hnub tiv thaiv thiab hlawv kev tiv thaiv
• Coral muaj kev nyab xeeb? Tsis yog, kuj tseem yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntses
• Ceev faj: Cov tawv nqaij rhiab yuav xav hla cov qauv nrog cov khoom siv no

4. Lub Kaum Hli

Pom muaj nyob rau hauv chemical sunscreens

Octinoxate yog UVB nqus uas nquag thiab muaj zog, txhais tau tias nws zoo rau kev tiv thaiv hnub tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj. Ua ke nrog avobenzone, lawv muaj peev xwm ob qho tib si muab qhov zoo rau kev pom zoo tiv thaiv kev kub nyhiab thiab kev laus.

Cov khoom xyaw no raug tso cai hauv kev tsim tawm (txog 7.5 feem pua), tab sis tau txwv hauv Hawaii vim muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm coral reefs.

Cov lus qhia tseeb

• Pom zoo hauv: Qee lub Tebchaws Asmeskas cov xeev, Europe, Nyiv, Australia
• Raug txwv rau hauv: Hawaii, Key West (Florida), Palau
• Zoo rau: Kev tiv thaiv tshav kub
• Coral muaj kev nyab xeeb? Tsis yog, kuj tseem yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntses

5. Avobenzone

Pom muaj nyob rau hauv chemical sunscreens

Avobenzone feem ntau yog siv los thaiv tag nrho ntawm UVA sab thiab tau tshaj tawm tias 'tsis ruaj khov' hauv cov hnub ci lub cev.

Ntawm nws tus kheej, cov khoom noj txom nyem thaum raug lub teeb. Txhawm rau tawm tsam qhov no, feem ntau tau sib txuas nrog lwm cov khoom xyaw (xws li mexoryl) los tswj cov avobenzone.

Hauv ntau lub teb chaws, avobenzone siv nrog ua ke nrog zinc oxide thiab titanium dioxide tshwj xeeb, tab sis hauv Tebchaws Meskas, qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke tsis tau tso cai.

Thaum nws pom nyob rau hauv cov duab tshav ntuj ntau yam, nws feem ntau ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj vim hais tias avobenzone ntawm nws tus kheej yuav poob ntawm nws lub peev xwm lim tsis pub dhau ib teev ntawm lub teeb kis.

Hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas, FDA lees tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsis muaj teeb meem tab sis txwv tsis pub cov tshuaj nyob thaj tsam li 3 feem pua ​​hauv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub.

Cov lus qhia tseeb

• Pom zoo hauv: Tebchaws Asmeskas, Australia, Europe
• Raug txwv rau hauv: Tsis muaj; txwv siv nyob rau hauv Nyiv
• Zoo rau: Kev tiv thaiv hnub tiv thaiv
• Coral muaj kev nyab xeeb? Theem pom tau tab sis tsis muaj kev phom sij pom

6. Titanium dioxide

Pom nyob rau hauv lub cev sunscreens

Nws muaj ob lub hnub ci tshuaj tshooj khoom xyaw feem ntau lees paub tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo, lossis GRASE, los ntawm FDA, thiab ob qho tib si yog tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lub cev. (Nco tseg: Daim ntawv lo GRASE kuj txhais tau tias FDA cov khoom lag luam nrog cov khoom xyaw no.)

Thawj tus, titanium dioxide, ua haujlwm ua qhov dav-spectrum UV lim (txawm hais tias nws tsis thaiv UVA1 ntev ntev).

FDA pom zoo rau titanium dioxide rau, thiab kev tshawb fawb qhia nws feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li lwm hnub los ntawm kev sib chwv tawv nqaij.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb nrhiav kuj sau tseg tias daim ntawv yuav tsum siv zog thiab tshuaj tsuag vim tias nws yuav muaj kev phom sij. Ib tsab ntawv sau tias titanium oxide nanoparticles los ntawm qhov ncauj kov tau raug cais raws li "muaj kabmob cuam tshuam rau cov tib neeg," lub ntsiab lus tsuas yog kev tshawb nrhiav tsiaj tau ua.

Nco ntsoov cov khoom xyaw no tsis txwv rau tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov khoom hauv SPF pleev plhu, nias cov hmoov txhuam hniav, pleev tshuaj, thiab cov khoom ntxuav hniav dawb.

Cov lus qhia tseeb

• Pom zoo hauv: Tebchaws Asmeskas, Australia, Europe, Nyiv
• Raug txwv rau hauv: Tsis muaj
• Zoo rau: Kev tiv thaiv hnub tiv thaiv
• Coral muaj kev nyab xeeb? Theem pom tau tab sis tsis muaj kev phom sij pom
• Ceev faj: Cov qauv yuav tawm ntawm cov cam khwb cia dawb rau ntawm daim tawv dub, thiab muaj cov tshuaj carcinogenic nyob rau hauv cov hmoov ntawv

7. Zinc oxide

Pom nyob rau hauv lub cev sunscreens

Zinc oxide yog qhov ua tau thib ob GRASE cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, pub nyob rau hauv ntau txog 25 feem pua.

Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb, nrog kev nkag ntawm daim tawv nqaij, txawm tias tom qab siv tas. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, cov khoom lag luam tau sau npe nrog lub ceeb toom vim nws muaj tshuaj lom rau hauv dej lub neej. Cov tshuaj tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij tshwj tsis yog tias tau nqos lossis nqus tau.

Muab piv rau avobenzone thiab titanium oxide, nws raug suav hais tias yog photostable, zoo, thiab nyab xeeb rau cov tawv nqaij rhiab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev tshawb fawb tseem hais tias nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, thiab nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tshav ntuj zoo li nws yog rau lub hnub puas tsuaj.

Cov lus qhia tseeb

• Pom zoo hauv: Tebchaws Asmeskas, Australia, Europe, Nyiv
• Raug txwv rau hauv: Tsis muaj
• Zoo rau: Kev tiv thaiv hnub tiv thaiv
• Coral muaj kev nyab xeeb? Tsis yog
• Ceev faj: Qee qhov kev faib tawm yuav tawm ntawm kev cam khwb cia rau cov tawv nqaij daj thiab tsaus nti

8 thiab 9. PABA thiab trolamine salicylate PABA

Pom nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si chemical (PABA) thiab lub cev (trolamine) tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub

Kuj tseem hu ua para-aminobenzoic acid, qhov no yog yam muaj zog UVB absorber. Qhov nrov ntawm cov khoom xyaw no tau poob qis vim yog qhov tseeb tias nws nce pob txuv ua xua thiab ua rau kom lub cev qhov ntsej muag.

Kev tshawb fawb txog tsiaj kuj pom qee theem ntawm kev ua kom muaj tshuaj lom, uas ua rau European Commission thiab FDA txwv tsis pub cov mis ntau ntau ntxiv rau 5 feem pua. Txawm li cas los xij, Canada tau txwv tsis pub siv PABA hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce zoo rau nws.

Trolamine salicylate, tseem hu ua Tea-Salicylate, tau suav tias yog GRASE hauv 2019, tab sis nws yog qhov tsis muaj zog UV absorber. Vim tias qhov no, cov khoom xyaw raug txwv nyob hauv nws feem pua ​​nrog rau lwm cov khoom xyaw GRASE.

Cov lus qhia tseeb

• Pom zoo hauv: Tebchaws Asmeskas (txog 12-15%), Australia (trolamine salicylate nkaus xwb), Tebchaws Europe (PABA txog 5%), Nyij Pooj
• Raug txwv rau hauv: Australia (PABA), Canada (ob qho tib si)
• Zoo rau: Kev tiv thaiv tshav ntuj
• Coral muaj kev nyab xeeb? Tsis paub

Vim li cas cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub cov tshuaj pom zoo thiaj li nyuaj hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas?

Tebchaws Asmeskas kev faib cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub raws li cov tshuaj yog ib qho laj thawj loj tshaj plaws rau nws qhov kev pom zoo qeeb qeeb. Kev faib tawm tshuaj tau vim tias cov khoom lag luam yog ua kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv rau tshav kub raws li tawv nqaij tawv.

Hauv tebchaws Australia, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog cais raws li kev kho mob lossis tshuaj pleev ib ce. Kev Kho Mob yog hais txog cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas qhov chaw nyob thaum pib siv tiv thaiv tshav ntuj thiab muaj SPF ntawm 4 lossis siab dua. Tshuaj pleev ib ce yog hais txog cov khoom uas suav nrog SPF tab sis tsis tau txhais tias yog koj ib tus pov hwm. Cov Tebchaws Europe thiab Nyij Pooj muab cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub raws li cov tshuaj pleev ib ce.

Tab sis txij li FDA tau siv sijhawm ntev los pom zoo rau cov khoom xyaw tshiab (tsis muaj ib xyoo dhau mus txij xyoo 1999), Congress tau tshaj tawm txoj cai Sunscreen Innovation Act xyoo 2014. Lub hom phiaj yog tau txais FDA los tshuaj xyuas lawv cov kev pom zoo rov qab los ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, suav nrog cov tshiab uas tau xa tom qab qhov kev coj ua tau kos npe, los ntawm Kaum Ib Hlis 2019.

Txog rau kev xaiv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, ntau tus neeg siv khoom tau tig mus yuav hnub ci hnub online los ntawm lwm lub tebchaws. Qhov no yuav tsis tas li vim cov khoom xyaw lawv tus kheej. Raws li tau hais dhau los, cov hnub ci txawv teb chaws tau tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, ua rau lawv, tshaj tawm, ntau qhov qab ntxiag siv, tsis tshua tawm ntawm cov khoom pov tseg dawb, thiab tsis muaj roj.

Thiab thaum nws tsis txhaum cai yuav tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub nyob txawv teb chaws, kev yuav khoom los ntawm kev muag khoom tsis raug cai ntawm Amazon yog qhov tsis zoo. Cov khoom yuav tau tas sijhawm lossis cuav.

Txog ntawm qhov ntawd, cov khoom lag luam txawv teb chaws no yuav nyuaj rau kev nkag mus tau tom qab tau txais kev pom zoo lawm.

Hauv lub sijhawm, cov neeg siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub zoo li peb yuav tsum tau kawm peb tus kheej ntawm cov khoom xyaw tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv

Kuj tseem muaj cov cai kub rau kev thov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Kev rov ua haujlwm txhua ob teev ib qho tseem ceeb - tshwj xeeb yog tias koj nyob sab nraum zoov vim hais tias SPF cov naj npawb tsis qhia tias koj yuav nyob ntev li cas hauv hnub.

Lub cev tiv thaiv lub cev tau zoo tam sim tom qab thov thaum tshuaj pleev hnub siv sijhawm li 15 mus rau 20 feeb los pib ua haujlwm.

Zam kev hais xov xwm tsis raug, ib yam nkaus. Cov ntawv ceeb toom thiab kev tshawb fawb qhia tias DIY sunscreens ntawm Pinterest yog qhov nrov heev, txawm hais tias DIY sunscreens tsis ua haujlwm thiab tuaj yeem, qhov tseeb, nce tawv nqaij.

Tom qab txhua tus, thaum hnub ci ntsa iab los ntawm lwm lub teb chaws yuav zoo nkauj dua, nws tsis yog lub laj thawj "tawm rau qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws" kom txog thaum FDA pom zoo. Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov uas koj twb tau siv lawm.

Taylor Ramble yog tus nyiam ua tawv nqaij, nyiam sau ntawv, thiab kws ua yeeb yaj kiab. Rau tsib xyoos dhau los nws tau ua haujlwm raws li tus kws sau ntawv sau nyiaj thiab blogger tsom mus rau cov ncauj lus los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv rau cov neeg pej xeem. Nws nyiam seev cev, kawm paub txog khoom noj khoom haus thiab kab lis kev cai, nrog rau kev ntxiv dag zog. Tam sim no nws ua haujlwm nyob hauv University of Georgia Chaw Tshawb Nrhiav Kev Tshawb Nrhiav (Virtual Reality Lab) tsom rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev nce qib thev naus laus zis ntawm kev coj cwj pwm thiab kev noj qab haus huv.