Choanal atresia

Choanal atresia yog txoj hlab ntsws nqaim lossis txhaws tawm ntawm cov hlab qhov ntswg los ntawm ntaub so ntswg. Nws yog qhov mob ua lub neej sawv, txhais tau tias nws yog thaum yug.

Cov ua kom mob choanal atresia tsis paub meej. Nws xav tias tshwm sim thaum daim ntaub nyias nyias ua ke cais lub qhov ntswg thiab qhov ncauj thaum lub sij hawm yug menyuam hauv plab tseem nyob tom qab yug.

Tus mob yog qhov feem ntau mob ntshav ntswg rau hauv cov menyuam mos. Cov poj niam muaj cov mob no ob zaug ua txiv neej. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov menyuam mos uas raug cuam tshuam tseem muaj lwm cov teeb meem thaum yug los.

Choanal atresia feem ntau kuaj mob sai sai tom qab yug me nyuam thaum tseem nyob hauv tsev kho mob.

Menyuam mos feem ntau nyiam ua pa ntawm lawv lub qhov ntswg. Feem ntau, cov menyuam mos liab tsuas ua pa ntawm lawv lub qhov ncauj thaum lawv quaj. Cov menyuam mos liab uas mob choanal atresia muaj teeb meem ua pa tshwj tsis yog lawv tau quaj.

Choanal atresia yuav cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si lossis ob sab ntawm txoj hlab pa. Choanal atresia thaiv ob sab ntawm lub qhov ntswg ua rau muaj teeb meem ua pa nrog bluish discoloration thiab ua tsis taus pa tsis ua haujlwm. Cov menyuam mos liab no xav tau kev rov ua haujlwm thaum xa menyuam. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov menyuam mos tau txhaws ntawm ib sab xwb, uas ua rau muaj teebmeem tsawg dua.

Cov tsos mob muaj xws li:

• Lub hauv siab rub tawm tshwj tsis yog tus me nyuam ua pa ntawm qhov ncauj lossis quaj.
• Ua pa nyuaj tom qab yug me nyuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cyanosis (bluish discoloration), tsuas yog me nyuam mos liab tau quaj.
• Ua tsis taus tus neeg tu mob thiab ua pa thaum tib lub sijhawm.
• Kev cev tsis taus los ua ib txoj raj txuas rau ib sab ntawm lub taub ntswg mus rau hauv caj pas.
• Pheej ib leeg ib sab qhov ntswg txhaws lossis paug.

Kev kuaj mob lub cev yuav pom qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub qhov ntswg.

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav ua tau muaj xws li:

• Iav scan
• Endoscopy ntawm lub qhov ntswg
• Sinus x-ray

Qhov kev txhawj xeeb sai yog yuav rov pab tus me nyuam yog tsim nyog. Lub tshuab ua pa yuav tsum tau muab tso kom tus menyuam thiaj li ua pa tau. Muaj qee kis, xav paub ntxiv txog kev mob ntsws lossis txhaws qws.

Ib tug menyuam mos liab tuaj yeem kawm ua pa ntawm qhov ncauj, uas tuaj yeem ncua qhov xav tau phais mob tam sim ntawd.

Kev phais kom tshem tawm qhov khaum kev kho qhov teeb meem. Kev phais mob yuav ncua sijhawm yog tias tus minyuam tuaj yeem zam lub qhov ncauj ua pa. Qhov phais yuav ua tau los ntawm lub qhov ntswg (transnasal) lossis los ntawm lub qhov ncauj (transpalatal).

Kev yuav rov qab los yog kev cia siab.

Cov teeb meem tshwm sim muaj xws li:

• Aspiration thaum pub mis thiab sim ua pa ntawm lub qhov ncauj
• Kev dim pa ntes
• Kev hloov pauv thaj chaw tom qab phais mob

Choanal atresia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws cuam tshuam rau ob sab, feem ntau kuaj pom sai tom qab yug me nyuam thaum tus menyuam tseem nyob hauv tsev kho mob. Ib qhov atresia ib zaug tuaj yeem tsis ua mob tshwm sim, thiab tus menyuam mos yuav raug xa mus tsev yam tsis muaj kev kuaj mob.

Yog koj tus menyuam mos muaj ib yam teeb meem nyob ntawm no, nrog koj tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tham. Tus menyuam yuav xav kuaj los ntawm pob ntseg, qhov ntswg, thiab caj pas (ENT).

Tsis muaj kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv.

Elluru RG. Congenital malformations ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab qhov ntswg. Hauv: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, li al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Taub Hau Thiab Caj DabCov. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; Xyoo 2015: chap 189.

Haddad J, Dodhia SN. Congenital mob ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 404.

Otteson TD, Wang T. Cov hlab ntaws sab sauv hauv cov leeg ntawm qhov ncauj. Hauv: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff thiab Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal TshuajCov. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 68.