Tshuaj yeeb dej tsis zoo

Kev siv tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog tshwm sim thaum ib tug tib neeg haus cawv lossis lwm yam tshuaj (tshuaj) ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv lossis teeb meem tom haujlwm, tsev kawm ntawv, lossis hauv tsev.

Qhov kev tsis zoo no tseem hu ua kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj.

Vim li cas tiag tiag tsis txaus siv cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Tus tib neeg lub caj ces, kev txiav txim ntawm yeeb tshuaj, phooj ywg siab, kev ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, kev nyuaj siab, thiab kev ntxhov siab ib puag ncig yog txhua yam.

Coob tus neeg uas tsim kev quav yeeb tshuaj muaj teebmeem kev nyuaj siab, saib xyuas kev tsis txaus siab, kev ntxhov siab tom qab, lossis lwm yam teebmeem kev xav. Ib txoj kev ua neej ntxhov siab lossis chaotic thiab txo qis tus kheej kuj muaj ntau.

Cov menyuam yaus uas loj hlob pom lawv niam lawv txiv siv cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj tuaj yeem muaj qhov pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb dej caw hauv lub neej yav tom ntej rau ob qho tib si ib puag ncig thiab caj ces.

Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw feem ntau muaj xws li:

• Opiates thiab lwm yam yeeb tshuaj yog cov tshuaj pleev xim muaj zog uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsaug zog, thiab qee zaum muaj kev xav zoo txog kev noj qab nyob zoo, kev lom zem, kev zoo siab, zoo siab, thiab kev xyiv fab. Cov no suav nrog tshuaj muaj yeeb muaj yees, opium, codeine, thiab narcotic mob tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob tau xaj yuav lossis yuav tsis raug cai.
• Cov tshuaj plab yog cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha khiav haujlwm. Lawv suav nrog cocaine thiab amphetamines, xws li cov tshuaj siv los kho ADHD (methylphenidate, lossis Ritalin). Ib tus neeg tuaj yeem pib xav tau cov tshuaj ntau dua nyob rau ncua sijhawm kom hnov ​​zoo tib yam.
• Cov kev tsis zoo siab ua rau tsaug zog thiab txo qhov ntxhov siab. Lawv suav nrog cawv, barbiturates, benzodiazepines (Valium, Ativan, Xanax), chloral hydrate, thiab paraldehyde. Siv cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw no tuaj yeem ua rau qhov quav tshuaj.
• LSD, mescaline, psilocybin ("nceb"), thiab phencyclidine (PCP, lossis "angel dust") tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg pom cov khoom uas tsis muaj (pom kev) thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg quav tshuaj quav yeeb tshuaj.
• Marijuana (cannabis, lossis hashish).

Muaj ntau theem ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb uas tuaj yeem ua rau quav dej quav cawv. Cov tub ntxhais hluas zoo li txav tau sai dua los ntawm theem ua tshaj li cov neeg laus. Cov theem yog:

• Kev sim siv - Feem ntau yuav koom nrog cov phooj ywg, ua kev lom zem ua si; tus neeg siv yuav txaus siab rau defying niam txiv los yog lwm yam kev cai lub cev.
• Kev siv tsis tu ncua - tus neeg siv nws ploj ntau dua thiab ntau dua hauv tsev kawm ntawv lossis chaw ua haujlwm; kev txhawj xeeb txog kev poob tshuaj; siv yeeb tshuaj rau "kho" cov kev xav tsis zoo; pib nyob deb ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg; tuaj yeem hloov cov phooj ywg mus rau cov neeg uas ib txwm siv; qhia pom tias muaj peev xwm ua siab ntev thiab muaj peev xwm "tswj" tshuaj.
• Teeb meem lossis kev pheej hmoo siv - Tus neeg siv poob qhov kev mob siab; tsis mob siab txog tsev kawm ntawv thiab haujlwm; muaj tus cwj pwm pauv hloov meej; xav txog kev siv tshuaj yeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li lwm qhov kev txaus siab, suav nrog kev sib raug zoo; tus neeg siv yuav zais; tej zaum yuav pib siv cov tshuaj los pab txhawb tus cwj pwm; siv lwm yam, tshuaj tawv ntxiv yuav nce ntxiv; teeb meem kev cai lij choj tuaj yeem nce ntxiv.
• Kev quav - Tsis tuaj yeem ntsib lub neej txhua hnub yam tsis muaj tshuaj; tsis lees teeb meem; lub cev mob zuj zus; ploj ntawm "tswj" dhau siv; tuaj yeem dhau los ua kev tua tus kheej; nyiaj txiag thiab kev cai lij choj tau txais teeb meem ntau ntxiv; tej zaum yuav muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg hauv tsev neeg lossis cov phooj ywg.

Cov tsos mob thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj xws li:

• Tsis meej pem
• Txuas ntxiv siv yeeb tshuaj, txawm tias muaj kev noj qab haus huv, ua haujlwm, lossis tsev neeg raug teeb meem
• Lub sijhawm ntu ntawm kev ua phem
• Kev ua siab phem thaum ntsib cov tshuaj tsis sib haum
• Tsis tswj hwm tsis pub muaj yeeb tshuaj, tsis tuaj yeem nres lossis txo qis kev haus cawv tau
• Ua kev zam rau siv yeeb tshuaj
• Tsis mus ua haujlwm lossis tsev kawm, lossis txo qis kev kawm
• Xav tau rau cov kev siv tshuaj lossis niaj hnub siv los ua haujlwm
• Tsis kam noj
• Tsis tu lub cev zoo li
• Tsis koom ua ib qho dab tsi ntxiv vim kev quav yeeb tshuaj
• Kev coj tus cwjpwm kom zais zais kev siv tshuaj
• Siv yeeb tshuaj txawm tias thaum nyob ib leeg

Kev tshuaj yeeb tshuaj (tshuaj ntsuam toxicology) ntawm kev kuaj ntshav thiab zis tuaj yeem qhia pom ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuaj hauv lub cev. Cov kev ntsuas raug mob npaum li cas nyob ntawm cov tshuaj nws tus kheej, thaum noj cov tshuaj, thiab lub chaw kuaj sim. Kev kuaj ntshav feem ntau yuav nrhiav tau cov tshuaj dua li kev kuaj zis, txawm hais tias cov tshuaj ntsuam cov zis ua tau ntau dua.

Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog qhov mob hnyav thiab tsis yooj yim kho. Kev saib xyuas thiab kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws koom nrog cov kws muaj txuj ci siab.

Kev kho mob pib nrog paub qhov teeb meem. Txawm hais tias kev tsis kam lees yog ib qho kev muaj tshwm sim ntawm kev quav, cov neeg uas muaj yees muaj qhov tsis pom zoo yog tias lawv raug saib xyuas nrog kev saib xyuas thiab hwm, es tsis yog qhia dab tsi los yog raug cov neeg tawm tsam.

Cov tshuaj yuav tsum maj mam thim los sis tsum sai. Txhawb nqa cov kev mob ntawm lub cev thiab lub siab, nrog rau tshuaj yeeb tshuaj dawb (tsis lees paub) kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob.

• Cov neeg siv tshuaj muaj yees ntau yuav tsum tau mus kho mob ceev hauv tsev kho mob. Qhov kev khomob tiag tiag yog nyob ntawm cov tshuaj uas siv.
• Kev tshem tawm (tshem tawm) yog qhov tshem tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tawm sai sai hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj kev txhawb nqa zoo. Detoxification tuaj yeem ua rau sab hauv tsev kho mob lossis kho mob sab nrauv.
• Qee lub sijhawm, lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo sib xws lossis ua rau lub cev raug noj, vim tias cov koob tshuaj tau qeeb qeeb kom txo cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm tshem tawm. Piv txwv li, rau kev quav yeeb yeeb tshuaj, tshuaj txiav yeeb (Methadone) lossis cov tshuaj muaj yees zoo sib xws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kom thim tawm thiab siv txuas ntxiv.

Txoj kev kho cov neeg nyob hauv tsev soj ntsuam xyuas thiab daws cov tsos mob thim tawm thiab cov xeeb ceem. Cov phiaj xwm no siv cov txuj ci kom cov neeg siv los paub txog lawv tus cwj pwm thiab kawm paub yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob rov qab siv (rov ua dua).

Yog tias tus neeg kuj muaj kev nyuaj siab lossis lwm tus mob hlwb, nws yuav tsum tau kho. Feem ntau, ib tug neeg pib siv tshuaj los sim kho nws tus kheej ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws.

Muaj ntau pawg neeg txhawb nqa nyob hauv cov neeg zej zog. Lawv suav nrog:

• Narcotics Anonymous (NA) - www.na.org/
• Alateen - al-anon.org/for-members/group-resources/alateen/
• Al-Anon - al-anon.org/

Feem ntau ntawm cov pab pawg no ua raws 12-theem kev pab cuam tau siv hauv Cawv Tshuaj Txhuam Anonymous (AA) www.aa.org/.

SMART Rov Qab www.smartrecovery.org/ thiab Lub Neej Ntsej Muag Rov Qab Los Zoo www.lifering.org/ yog cov khoos kas uas tsis siv 12 kauj ruam mus ntxiv. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav lwm cov kev txhawb nqa hauv Is Taws Nem.

Siv tshuaj yeeb dej caw yuav ua rau muaj kev tuag ntau heev. Qee tus neeg pib noj cov tshuaj dua (rov huam dua) tom qab lawv tsum.

Teeb meem ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb tshuaj suav nrog:

• Kev Nyuaj Siab
• Kab mob qog noj ntshav, piv txwv, mob cancer hauv qhov ncauj thiab mob plab yog txuas rau kev haus cawv thiab quav cawv
• Kev kis mob HIV, lossis kab mob siab B lossis C los ntawm koob txhaj tshuaj
• Poob haujlwm
• Teeb meem nrog lub cim xeeb thiab kev xav, piv txwv li, siv cov khoom siv hauv lub cev, nrog rau cov tshuaj maj (THC)
• Cov teeb meem nrog txoj cai
• Kev sib raug zoo ua kom tawg
• Kev coj tus cwj pwm sib deev tsis raug cai, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev xeeb tub tsis zoo, kab mob kis los ntawm kev sib deev, HIV, lossis kab mob siab

Hu teem sijhawm nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj lossis koj tsev neeg siv cov tshuaj thiab xav kom tsum. Kuj tseem hu xov tooj yog tias koj tau txiav tawm ntawm koj cov tshuaj thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rho tawm. Feem ntau cov chaw ua haujlwm muab kev xa mus rau lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog teeb meem siv tshuaj yeeb dej caw.

Cov phiaj xwm kev kawm txog yeeb tshuaj yuav pab tau. Cov niam txiv tuaj yeem muaj feem xyuam rau lawv cov menyuam los ntawm kev qhia lawv txog kev phom sij ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb dej caw.

Cov quav tshuaj yeeb dej caw; Siv Tshuaj Siv; Siv tshuaj yeeb; Kev quav yeeb tshuaj; Kev quav - tshuaj; Kev vam khom rau cov tshuaj; Kev siv yeeb tshuaj txhaum cai; Kev Siv Tshuaj Narcotic; Kev siv Hallucinogen

• Kev nyuaj siab thiab tus txiv neej

Lub koom haum American Psychiatric Association lub vev xaib. Quav quav-cuam tshuam thiab quav ntxiv rau. Hauv: Kev Koom Tes Nrog Neeg Meskas. Kev kuaj mob thiab cov lus qhia tawm los ntawm tus mob puas hlwbCov. Thib 5 ed. Arlington, VA: Asmeskas Kev Puas Siab Ntsws Kev Tshaj Tawm. Xyoo 2013: 481-590.

Breuner CC. Raug yeeb tshuaj. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 140.

Kowalchuk A, Reed BC. Tshuaj yeeb dej cawv siv cov tshuaj tsis haum. Hauv: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Tshuaj Tsev NeegCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 50.

Koom haum National ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj lub vev xaib. Tshuaj, mob hlwb thiab tus cwj pwm: kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev quav tshuaj. Yuav ua li cas science tau hloov pauv kev nkag siab ntawm kev quav yeeb tshuaj. www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/preface. Hloov kho Lub Xya Hli 2020. Nkag mus Lub Kaum Hlis 13, 2020.

Weiss RD. Tshuaj ntawm kev tsim txom. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 31.