Mob ntshav qab zib

Ntshav qab zib yog kab mob ntev (ntev) uas lub cev tswj tsis tau cov piam thaj hauv ntshav.

Cov tshuaj insulin yog yam tshuaj tsim los ntawm cov txiav ua kab mob ntshav los tswj cov ntshav qab zib. Mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem yog ua los ntawm cov insulin tsawg heev, ua rau cov insulin, lossis ob qho tib si.

Txhawm rau kom nkag siab txog ntshav qab zib, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej to taub cov txheej txheem ib txwm los ntawm cov khoom noj uas tau tawg thiab siv los ntawm lub cev rau lub zog. Ob peb yam tshwm sim thaum cov zaub mov zom thiab nqus:

• Cov piam thaj hu ua piam thaj tuaj rau hauv cov ntshav. Cov piam thaj yog cov khoom siv roj rau lub cev.
• Ib yam hauv nruab nrog cev hu ua ua tus txiav ua kab mob insulin. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm insulin yog kom txav cov piam thaj los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau hauv cov leeg nqaij, rog thiab lwm lub hlwb, qhov twg nws tuaj yeem khaws cia lossis siv roj.

Cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib muaj ntshav qab zib ntau vim tias lawv lub cev txav tsis tau cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav mus rau cov leeg thiab cov rog ua haujlwm rau hlawv lossis khaws cia rau lub zog, thiab / lossis vim tias lawv lub siab ua rau muaj piam thaj ntau dhau thiab muab tso rau hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no vim tias tog twg los:

• Lawv lub cev yuag tuaj yeem tsim cov insulin tsis txaus
• Lawv lub hlwb tsis teb rau insulin ib txwm muaj
• Ob qho tag nrho saum toj no

Nws muaj ob hom mob ntshav qab zib. Cov laj thawj thiab cov phom sij tsis sib txawv rau txhua hom:

• Ntshav qab zib Hom 1 tsawg dua. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua lub hnub nyoog, tab sis nws feem ntau raug kuaj rau cov menyuam yaus, cov hluas, lossis cov neeg hluas. Hauv cov kabmob no, lub cev ua cov insulin tsawg lossis tsis raug. Qhov no yog vim tias cov roj hlwb txiav ua rau cov kua dej ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm. Txhua hnub yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj cov insulin. Qhov tseeb yog vim li cas tsis ua hauj lwm kom ua kom cov insulin txaus.
• Ntshav qab zib Hom 2 yog feem ntau. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim hauv neeg laus, tab sis vim tias muaj cov neeg rog dhau heev, cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas tam sim no tau kuaj pom tus kabmob no. Qee cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2 lawv tsis paub tias lawv muaj. Nrog ntshav qab zib hom 2, lub cev tiv thaiv cov tshuaj insulin thiab tsis siv tshuaj insulin raws li nws yuav tsum tau. Tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog rog dhau rog lossis rog dhau.
• Muaj lwm yam ua rau mob ntshav qab zib, thiab qee cov neeg tsis tuaj yeem raug cais ua hom 1 lossis hom 2.

Mob ntshav qab zib mob ntshav qab zib yog ntshav qab zib cov ntshav ntau dhau los thaum twg los xij thaum tus poj niam tsis tau muaj ntshav qab zib.

Yog tias koj niam koj txiv, koj tus nus, lossis tus viv ncaus muaj ntshav qab zib, koj yuav muaj feem ua tus kab mob.

Cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov ntshav siab tuaj yeem ua rau ntau cov tsos mob, suav nrog:

• Qhov muag plooj
• Kev nqhis dej ntau dhau
• Nkees
• Nquag tso zis ntau zaus
• Kev tshaib plab
• Lub cev yuag

Vim tias hom ntshav qab zib hom 2 maj mam pib qeeb, qee cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib cov ntshav tsis muaj tsos mob.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 pib zuj zus nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Tib neeg yuav mob hnyav heev los ntawm lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas lawv.

Tom qab ntau xyoo, ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua lwm yam teeb meem loj. Cov teebmeem no tau paub txog mob ntshav qab zib, thiab suav nrog:

• Cov teeb meem qhov muag, suav nrog cov teeb meem pom (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsaus ntuj), lub teeb rhiab, thiab dig muag
• Mob thiab mob ntawm txhais ceg lossis txhais taw, uas yog tias tsis kho, tuaj yeem ua rau kom txiav ceg lossis ceg
• Kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg hauv lub cev, ua rau mob, khaus, tsis nco, muaj teeb meem zom zaub mov, thiab mob erectile kawg
• Teeb meem hauv lub raum, tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm
• Lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kis ntau dua
• Muaj feem ntau ntawm qhov muaj lub plawv nres lossis mob hlab ntsha tawg

Kev ntsuas cov zis yuav qhia tias cov ntshav qab zib ntau ntau. Tab sis kev ntsuas zis ib leeg tsis kuaj ntshav qab zib.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib yog tias cov piam thaj hauv koj cov ntshav siab siab dua 200 mg / dL (11.1 mmol / L). Txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias kev kuaj mob, ib lossis ntau dua ntawm cov kev sim hauv qab no yuav tsum ua.

Kev kuaj ntshav:

• Kev yoo ntshav cov ntshav hauv cov qib. Kev ntsuas ntshav qab zib yog ntsuas tau yog tias qib ceev ceev cov piam thaj yog 126 mg / dL (7.0 mmol / L) lossis siab dua ntawm ob qhov kev ntsuas sib txawv. Qib nruab nrab ntawm 100 thiab 125 mg / dL (5.5 thiab 7.0 mmol / L) hu ua impaired fasting glucose lossis ntshav qab zib. Cov qib no muaj feem ua rau muaj mob ntshav qab zib hom 2.
• Hemoglobin A1C (A1C) xeem. Qhov ib txwm yog tsawg dua 5.7%; kev mob ntshav qab zib yog 5.7% rau 6.4%; thiab ntshav qab zib yog 6.5% lossis siab dua.
• Kev ntsuam xyuas cov ntshav qabzib nyob hauv qhov ncauj. Kev kuaj ntshav qab zib yog tias cov ntshav qabzib yog 200 mg / dL (11.1 mmol / L) lossis siab dua 2 teev tom qab haus dej tshwj xeeb 75 gram qab zib dej qab zib (qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no siv ntau dua rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2).

Kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj tsos mob tshwm sim yog rau:

• Tshaj cov menyuam yaus uas muaj lwm yam muaj feem ua rau mob ntshav qab zib, pib txij hnub nyoog 10 thiab rov ua dua txhua txhua 3 xyoos.
• Cov neeg laus rog (BMI ntawm 25 lossis siab dua) uas muaj lwm yam kev pheej hmoo xws li muaj ntshav siab, lossis muaj leej niam, leej txiv, tus viv ncaus lossis tus nus uas muaj ntshav qab zib.
• Cov poj niam rog dhau lawm uas muaj lwm yam kev pheej hmoo xws li ntshav siab uas npaj yuav xeeb tub.
  
• Cov neeg laus hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoos, rov ua dua txhua 3 xyoos lossis hnub nyoog yau dua yog tias tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo txaus ntshai.

Mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 qee zaum tuaj yeem hloov rov qab los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog poob phaus nrog kev tawm dag zog thiab los ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Qee kis ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 tuaj yeem txhim kho nrog kev phais neeg yuag.

Nws tsis muaj kev kho rau tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 (tshwj tsis yog rau tus mob hlaws dai lossis islet cell hloov).

Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 lossis ntshav qab zib hom 2 txuam nrog kev noj haus, kev ua si thiab tshuaj los tswj ntshav qab zib kom ntshav.

Txhua tus neeg muaj ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau txais kev kawm tsim nyog thiab txhawb nqa txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tswj lawv cov ntshav qab zib. Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog kev mus ntsib cov kws qhia txog mob ntshav qab zib (CDE).

Tau txais kev tswj hwm tau zoo ntawm koj cov piam thaj hauv ntshav, cov roj cholesterol, thiab ntshav siab yuav pab txo kev phom sij ntawm lub raum, mob qhov muag, kab mob hauv lub hlwb, lub plawv nres, thiab mob hlab ntsha tawg.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov mob ntshav qab zib, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsawg kawg 2 txog 4 zaug hauv ib xyoos. Tham txog tej teeb meem uas koj muaj. Ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia txog kev tswj hwm koj cov ntshav qab zib.

Muaj ntau cov peev txheej tuaj yeem pab koj nkag siab ntau txog ntshav qab zib. Yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib, koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem kawm txog kev tswj hwm koj tus mob thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob mob ntshav qab zib.

Ntshav qab zib yog ib yam kab mob ntev ntev rau cov neeg feem coob uas muaj nws.

Kev tswj ntshav khov ua ke tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lossis cuam tshuam txog teeb meem ntshav qab zib. Tab sis cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem tshwm sim, txawm tias cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib tswj tau zoo.

Tom qab ntau xyoo, ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob txaus ntshai:

• Koj tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem qhov muag, suav nrog teeb meem pom (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsaus ntuj), thiab lub teeb rhiab. Koj yuav ua neeg dig muag.
• Koj txhais taw thiab tawv nqaij tuaj yeem tsim mob thiab kis mob. Tom qab lub sijhawm ntev, koj txhais taw lossis ceg yuav tsum tau txiav tu. Kev kis mob tseem tuaj yeem ua rau mob thiab khaus ntawm lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev.
• Ntshav qab zib yuav ua rau koj tswj koj cov ntshav siab thiab cov roj (cholesterol) hnyav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv nres, mob stroke, thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua nyuaj rau cov ntshav kom ntws los rau koj txhais ceg thiab txhais taw.
• Cov leeg hauv koj lub cev tuaj yeem puas ntsoog, ua rau mob, khaus, thiab loog.
• Vim kev puas siab puas ntsoog, koj yuav muaj teeb meem zom cov zaub mov uas koj noj. Koj yuav hnov ​​zoo li tsis muaj zog los yog muaj teeb meem mus hoob nab. Kev puas ntsoog tuaj yeem ua rau tus txiv neej muaj lub cev tsis yooj yim.
• Mob ntshav qab zib thiab lwm yam teeb meem tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum puas tsuaj. Koj lub raum yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo li uas lawv ua dhau los. Tej zaum lawv yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm ntxiv kom koj thiaj li raug lim ntshav lossis rau raum.
• Koj muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem ua kom tsis muaj zog, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kis tau yooj yim.

Ua kom lub cev nyhav zoo tshaj plaws thiab ua lub neej nquag yuav tiv thaiv lossis pib ncua hom mob ntshav qab zib hom 2. Yog tias koj rog dhau, tsuas yog 5% ntawm koj lub cev hnyav tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo. Qee hom tshuaj noj kuj tseem siv tau los ncua los tiv thaiv pib mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 pib.

Lub sijhawm no, hom 1 ntshav qab zib tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv. Tab sis tseem muaj kev tshawb fawb pom zoo uas qhia pom tias ntshav qab zib hom 1 tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm rau qee tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab.

Ntshav Qab Zib - hom 1; Ntshav Qab Zib - hom 2; Mob ntshav qab zib - kev xeeb tub; Ntshav Qab Zib Hom 1; Ntshav Qab Zib Hom 2; Mob ntshav qab zib Gestational; Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus

• Mob ntshav qab zib - mob rwj
• Mob ntshav qab zib - tu koj txhais taw
• Mob ntshav qab zib - thaum koj mob

• Cov qog endocrine
• Mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy
• Islets of Langerhans
• Qos Yis
• Insulin twj tso kua mis
• Yam I ntshav qab zib
• Ntshav qab zib cov ntshav khiav hauv ko taw
• Khoom noj khoom haus thiab insulin tso
• Kev tsim tshuaj insulin thiab ntshav qab zib
• Saib xyuas ntshav qabzib - Series
• Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum - plab
• Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum - ceg

Koom Haum Asmeskas Mob Ntshav Qab Zib. 2. Kev faib tawm thiab kuaj mob ntshav qab zib: cov txheej txheem kho mob hauv ntshav qab zib - 2020. Ntshav Qab Zib Kho Mob. 2020; 43 (Cov Khoom Siv 1): S14-S31. PMID: 31862745 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862745/.

Atkinson MA, Mcgill DE, Dassau E, Laffel L. Hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib. Hauv: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Phau Ntawv ntawm Endocrinology. Xab 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 36.

Kev txhiaj txhais MC, Ahmann AJ. Kev kho mob ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus. Hauv: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Phau Ntawv ntawm Endocrinology. Xab 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 35.