Pernicious anemia

Kauj ntshav yog ib qho mob uas lub cev tsis muaj cov qe ntshav liab liab noj qab nyob zoo. Cov ntshav liab muab cov pa oxygen rau cov cev nqaij. Nws muaj ntau yam ua haujlwm hauv lub cev.

Phemous anemia yog kev txo qis cov qe ntshav liab uas tshwm sim thaum cov hnyuv tsis tuaj yeem nqus tau cov vitamin B12.

Pernicious anemia yog ib hom vitamin B12 anemia. Lub cev xav tau cov vitamins B12 ua rau cov ntshav liab. Koj tau cov vitamins no los ntawm kev noj zaub mov xws li nqaij, nqaij qaib, qwj ntses, qe, thiab khoom noj siv mis.

Cov protein tshwj xeeb, hu ua qhov ua tau zoo (IF), khi cov vitamin B12 kom nws tuaj yeem nqus tau cov hnyuv. Cov protein no tawm hauv cov ntshav hauv plab. Thaum lub plab tsis muaj qhov ua kom txaus lub plab, txoj hnyuv tsis tuaj yeem nqus cov vitamin B12.

Txhua yam ua rau muaj tus mob ua xiam muaj xws li:

• Weakened lub plab daim ntaub (atrophic gastritis)
• Lub zog ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv cov kab mob sib luag rau lub cev lossis cov hlwb nyob rau sab hauv koj lub plab ua rau nws.

Muaj qee zaus, neeg muaj mob ntshav tuag puv muaj tsev neeg. Qhov no hu ua mob ntshav siab (perinious pernicious anemia). Cov menyuam mosliab tsis muaj ntshav tsis txaus ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Lossis lawv tsis tuaj yeem nqus cov vitamin B12 hauv txoj hnyuv me.

Hauv cov neeg laus, cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hnoos qeev feem ntau tsis tau pom txog thaum muaj hnub nyoog 30. Qhov nruab nrab hnub nyoog ntawm kev kuaj mob yog hnub nyoog 60 xyoo.

Yog koj:

• Yog Scandinavian lossis Qaum Teb Tebchaws Europe
• Muaj zaj keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg

Qee yam kab mob tseem tuaj yeem ua rau koj qhov kev pheej hmoo. Lawv suav nrog:

• Addison tus kab mob
• Graves tus kab mob
• Kev Hypoparathyroidism
• Kev Hypothyroidism
• Myasthenia gravis
• Poob qhov qub kev coj ua ntawm zes qe menyuam ua ntej 40 xyoo rov hauv (thawj zes qe menyuam tsis ua haujlwm)
• Yam 1 ntshav qab zib
• Cov tsiaj ua rau kom tuag
• Vitiligo
• Sjögren syndrome
• Tus mob Hashimoto
• Celiac mob

Pernicious anemia tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab phais plab kev phais.

Qee tus neeg tsis hnov ​​mob. Cov tsos mob tej zaum yuav mob sib khuav.

Lawv tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Mob plab zawv lossis cem quav
• Xeev siab
• Ntuav
• Qaug zog, tsis muaj lub zog, lossis lub teeb taws thaum sawv lossis nrog sab sab
• Tsis qab los noj mov
• Tawv (tawv daj)
• Ua tsis taus pa, feem ntau thaum qoj ib ce
• Kev mob siab
• O, tus nplaig liab los yog pos hniav los ntshav

Yog tias koj muaj qib B12 tsis txaus nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, koj tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb poob siab. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Tsis meej pem
• Lub sij hawm luv luv nco ploj
• Kev Nyuaj Siab
• Poob ntawm kev tshuav
• Loog thiab tingling nyob rau hauv lub tes thiab taw
• Cov teeb meem kom pom tseeb
• Vauv
• Kev Ua Si
• Kev Tawm Tsam
• Optic paj atrophy

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas lub cev. Kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav ua tau muaj xws li:

• Kev kuaj mob pob txha (tsuas yog xav tau yog tias kev kuaj mob tsis meej)
• Ua kom tiav cov ntshav suav (CBC)
• Reticulocyte suav
• LDH qib
• Ntshav dej bilirubin
• Methylmalonic acid (MMA) Qib
• Qib Homocysteine ​​(amino acid nyob hauv ntshav)
• Qib Vitamin B12
• Qib tshuaj tiv thaiv cov kab mob rau IF lossis cov qe ntshav uas ua rau IF

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob yog ua kom koj cov qib vitamin B12 nce:

• Txoj kev kho yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj vitamin B12 ib hlis ib zaug. Cov tib neeg muaj B12 qis heev yuav xav tau kev txhaj tshuaj ntau dua thaum pib.
• Qee tus neeg yuav raug kho kom zoo txaus los ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau ntawm cov vitamin B12 los ntawm qhov ncauj.
• Muaj qee hom vitamin B12 muab tau los ntawm qhov ntswg.

Feem ntau cov neeg feem ntau ua tau zoo nrog kev kho mob.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom pib kho thaum ntxov. Kev puas ntsoog kuj yog qhov xwm tas mus li yog hais tias kev kho mob tsis pib hauv 6 lub hlis ntawm cov tsos mob.

Cov neeg muaj ntshav tsis txawj tuag yuav muaj mob plab ua pa. Lawv kuj tseem yuav muaj peev xwm mob qog noj hlav thiab qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Cov neeg muaj tus mob txhaws qa nyhav feem ntau muaj pob txha lov, ceg, thiab ceg sab duav.

Lub hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb cov teeb meem yuav txuas ntxiv lossis tas mus li yog tias kho qeeb.

Tus poj niam uas muaj qib B12 tsawg yuav muaj qhov tsis zoo Pap smear. Qhov no vim hais tias cov vitamins B12 tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau txoj kev qee cov qog hlwb (epithelial cells) hauv qhov ncauj tsev menyuam saib.

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm vitamin B12 tsis txaus.

Tsis muaj ib txoj kev paub tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hom mob ntshav qab zib B12. Txawm li cas los xij, kev paub ntxov thiab kho tau tuaj yeem pab txo qis cov kev mob tshwm sim.

Macrocytic achylic anemia; Congenital pernicious anemia; Kab mob hluas pernicious anemia; Vitamin B12 tsis muaj peev xwm (malabsorption); Anemia - qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg; Mob Ntshav Qab Zib - IF; Anemia - atrophic gastritis; Biermer tsis muaj zog; Addison anemia

• Megaloblastic anemia - saib ntshav liab

Antony AC. Megaloblastic anemias. Hauv: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, li al, eds. Hematology: Qhov Ntsiab Cai thiab Kev Coj UaCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 39.

Anusha V. Pernicious anemia / megaloblastic anemia. Hauv: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn's Kev Kho Mob 2020Cov. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 446-448.

Elghetany MT, Schexneider KI, Banki K. Erythrocytic mob. Hauv: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Kev Kuaj Mob thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas los ntawm Laboratory Txoj KevCov. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 32.

Txhais tau tias RT. Mus kom ze rau lub anemias. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 149.