Raum pob zeb

Lub raum pob zeb yog lub pob zeb loj uas ua los ntawm cov pob zeb me me. Ib lossis ntau lub pob zeb tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub raum lossis tso zis nyob rau tib lub sijhawm.

Lub raum pob zeb yog cov ntau. Qee hom khiav hauv tsev neeg. Feem ntau lawv tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam mos ua ntej.

Nws muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub raum pob zeb. Qhov ua kom muaj teeb meem nyob ntawm hom pob zeb.

Cov pob zeb tuaj yeem tsim tau thaum cov zis muaj ntau ntau yam khoom tsim ua muaju. Cov muaju no tuaj yeem loj hlob mus ua pob zeb li ntau asthiv lossis hli.

• Cov pob zeb calcium uas muaj feem ntau. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov txiv neej muaj hnub nyoog 20 txog 30. Calcium tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog lwm yam khoom los tsim lub pob zeb.
• Oxalate yog qhov feem ntau ntawm cov no. Oxalate nyob hauv qee yam zaub mov xws li zaub ntsuab. Nws kuj muaj nyob hauv cov tshuaj vitamin C pab. Cov kab mob ntawm cov hnyuv ntxiv ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo rau cov pob zeb no.

Cov pob zeb calcium tseem tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kev ua ke nrog phosphate lossis carbonate.

Lwm hom pob zeb muaj xws li:

• Cystine pob zeb tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas muaj cystinuria. Qhov kev cuam tshuam no khiav hauv tsev neeg. Nws cuam tshuam rau txiv neej thiab poj niam tib si.
• Cov pob zeb Struvite feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv cov txiv neej lossis cov poj niam uas tau rov ua mob txeeb zig. Cov pob zeb no tuaj yeem loj heev thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub raum, zis, lossis zais zis.
• Uric acid pob zeb yog cov txiv neej muaj ntau dua li poj niam. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog gout lossis kev siv tshuaj kho.
• Lwm yam tshuaj, xws li qee yam tshuaj, tuaj yeem tsim cov pob zeb.

Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws rau lub raum pob zeb yog tsis haus dej txaus. Lub raum pob zeb feem ntau yuav tshwm sim yog tias koj ua tsawg dua 1 litres (32 ounces) zis ib hnub.

Koj yuav tsis muaj tsos mob txog ntua thaum cov pob zeb zom ntawm txoj hlab (txoj hlab zis) uas tso zis tawm mus rau koj lub zais zis. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, cov pob zeb tuaj yeem thaiv cov ntshav ntawm cov zis tawm ntawm lub raum.

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog qhov mob hnyav uas pib thiab nres tam sim:

• Qhov mob yuav hnov ​​hauv lub plab lossis hauv nruab nrab ntawm sab nraub qaum.
• Qhov mob yuav txav mus rau thaj chaw ua pa (hauv plab zig), noob qes (noob qes) mob rau cov txiv neej, thiab labia (mob qhov chaw mos) rau cov poj niam.

Lwm cov tsos mob tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Mob plab tsis zoo
• Cov ntshav hauv cov zis
• Ua daus no
• Ua npaws
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas lub cev. Tsam plab (plab) lossis nrob qaum yuav hnov ​​mob.

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav ua tau muaj xws li:

• Kev kuaj ntshav ntsuas cov roj calcium, phosphorus, uric acid, thiab cov ntshav electrolyte
• Kuaj lub raum kev ua haujlwm
• Txoj hlab zis kom pom cov muaju thiab nrhiav cov qe ntshav liab hauv cov zis
• Tshuaj xyuas lub pob zeb los txiav txim siab hom

Lub pob zeb lossis lub blockage tuaj yeem pom nyob rau:

• Mob plab hauv TV
• Lub plab xoo hluav taws xob
• Tso cov tshuaj pyelogram (IVP)
• Lub raum ultrasound
• Retrograde pyelogram

Kev kho yog nyob ntawm seb hom pob zeb thiab qhov mob hnyav ntawm koj cov tsos mob.

Lub raum pob zeb uas me me feem ntau dhau ntawm koj qhov system ntawm lawv tus kheej.

• Koj cov zis yuav tsum lim kom lub pob zeb tuaj yeem txuag thiab kuaj.
• Haus dej li 6 mus rau 8 khob ib hnub twg los ua zis ntau ntau. Qhov no yuav pab lub pob zeb hla.
• Kev mob yuav tuaj yeem yog qhov tsis zoo. Cov tshuaj yuav tom khw tsis xws luag (piv txwv, ibuprofen thiab naproxen), ib leeg lossis ib leeg nrog narcotics, tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo.

Qee cov neeg uas mob hnyav los ntawm lub raum pob zeb yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob. Koj yuav tsum tso dej rau koj cov leeg ntshav mus rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav.

Rau qee hom pob zeb, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv tshuaj los tiv thaiv pob zeb los ntawm kev tsim lossis pab tawg thiab tshem cov khoom uas ua rau lub pob zeb. Cov tshuaj no suav nrog:

• Allopurinol (rau uric acid pob zeb)
• Tshuaj tua kab mob (rau struvite pob zeb)
• Diuretics (dej tshuaj)
• Cov lus daws teeb meem
• Sodium bicarbonate lossis sodium citrate
• Dej tshuaj (thiazide diuretics)
• Tamsulosin los so cov zis thiab pab kom lub pob zeb hla mus

Yuav tsum tau phais ntau zaus yog tias:

• Lub zeb no loj dhau dhau ntawm nws tus kheej.
• Cov pob zeb loj zuj zus.
• Lub pob zeb yog thaiv cov zis kom ntws thiab ua rau mob lossis raum.
• Qhov mob tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau.

Niaj hnub no, feem ntau cov kev kho mob yog qhov tsawg dua li tau hais dhau los.

• Lithotripsy yog siv los tshem cov pob zeb me dua li ib nrab nti (1.25 centimeters) uas nyob hauv lub raum lossis cov zis. Nws siv cov suab nrov lossis poob siab kom tawg cov pob zeb ua cov me me. Tom qab ntawd, cov pob zeb tawg tawm hauv lub cev hauv cov zis. Nws tseem hu ua extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy lossis ESWL.
• Cov txheej txheem ua los ntawm kev ntsuas ib qho cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev phais me me hauv koj daim tawv nqaij ntawm koj sab tom qab thiab rau hauv koj lub raum lossis ureters yog siv rau cov pob zeb loj, lossis thaum lub raum lossis thaj chaw ib puag ncig tsim tsis raug. Lub pob zeb yog muab tshem tawm nrog lub raj (endoscope).
• Ureteroscopy yuav siv rau pob zeb nyob hauv cov leeg qis. Lub laser siv los rhuav lub pob zeb.
• Tsis tshua muaj, qhib phais (nephrolithotomy) yog xav tau yog tias lwm txoj kev tsis ua haujlwm lossis tsis tuaj yeem siv tau.

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kev kho yuav ua hauj lwm zoo rau koj.

Koj yuav tsum tau nqis tes saib xyuas tus kheej. Cov kauj ruam twg koj siv nyob ntawm hom pob zeb koj muaj, tab sis lawv suav nrog:

• Haus dej ntxiv thiab lwm yam kua
• Noj ntau dua qee yam zaub mov thiab rov qab noj dua lwm yam zaub mov
• Noj tshuaj los pab tiv thaiv pob zeb
• Kev noj tshuaj los pab koj kom dhau lub pob zeb (tshuaj tiv thaiv, alpha-blockers)

Lub raum mob yog qhov mob, tab sis feem ntau tuaj yeem tshem tawm hauv lub cev tsis tas ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntev.

Lub raum pob zeb feem ntau rov qab los. Qhov no tshwm sim ntau dua yog tias qhov ua rau tsis pom thiab kho.

Koj muaj teeb meem rau:

• Mob txeeb zig
• Lub raum puas los yog caws pliav yog tias kev kho mob ncua sij hawm ntev

Teeb meem ntawm lub raum pob zeb yuav suav nrog cov hlab ntawm tso zis (mob tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm txoj hlab raum).

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub raum pob zeb:

• Kev mob hnyav rau hauv koj sab nraub qaum lossis sab uas yuav tsis ploj mus
• Cov ntshav hauv koj cov zis
• Ua npaws thiab ua daus no
• Ntuav
• Cov zis uas hnov ​​tsw lossis zoo li huab
• Lub siab xav thaum koj tso zis

Yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj kev txhaws ntawm pob zeb, kev hla yuav tsum muaj kev lees paub los ntawm kev ntes hauv lub strainer thaum tso zis lossis los ntawm kev xoo hluav taws xob. Ua qhov mob dawb tsis qhia meej tias lub pob zeb tau dhau los.

Yog tias koj muaj keeb kwm ntawm lub pob zeb:

• Haus dej kom ntau (6 txog 8 khob dej rau ib hnub) los ua kom tau zis txaus.
• Koj yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj los yog hloov pauv koj cov zaub mov kom haum rau qee yam pob zeb.
• Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav kuaj ntshav thiab tso zis tawm los pab txiav txim cov kauj ruam tiv thaiv kom raug.

Lub pob hlaws nrov; Nephrolithiasis; Pob zeb - raum; Calcium oxalate - pob zeb; Cystine - pob zeb; Struvite - pob zeb; Uric acid - pob zeb; Cov mob ntsws tso zis

• Hypercalcemia - paug
• Lub raum pob zeb thiab lithotripsy - kev tshem tawm
• Raum pob zeb - kev saib xyuas tus kheej
• Lub raum pob zeb - dab tsi yuav tsum nug koj tus kws kho mob
• Cov kab mob tso zis ntau dhau - tso tawm

• Raum anatomy
• Raum - ntshav thiab zis txaus
• Tus mob Nerolrolithiasis
• Tso cov tshuaj pyelogram (IVP)
• Cov txheej txheem Lithotripsy

American Urological Association lub vev xaib. Kev tswj hwm kho mob raum pob zeb (2019). www.auanet.org/guidelines/kidney-stones-medical-mangement-guideline. Nkag mus rau Lub Ob Hlis 13, 2020.

American Urological Association lub vev xaib. Kev phais mob pob zeb: AUA / Endourology Society Cov Lus Qhia (2016) www.auanet.org/guidelines/kidney-stones-surgical-management-guideline. Nkag mus rau Lub Ob Hlis 13, 2020.

Bushinsky DA. Tus mob Nerolrolithiasis. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Tshuaj. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 117.

Fink HA, Wilt TJ, Eidman KE, li al. Cov mob nephrolithiasis hauv cov laus: piv rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev kho mob. Rockville, MD. Qhov Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev Ua Zoo (Tebchaws Asmeskas) 2012; Daim Ntawv Tshaj Tawm No. 12-EHC049-EF. PMID: 22896859 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22896859/.

Miller NL, Borofsky MS. Soj ntsuam thiab kho mob kev kho mob ntawm urinary lithiasis. Hauv: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 92.

Qaseem A, Dallas P, Forciea MA, Starkey M, Denberg TD; Cov Lus Qhia Kev Kuaj Mob Hauv Cov Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Tus Kws Kho Mob. Kev tswj hwm kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab tshuaj noj txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob nephrolithiasis hauv cov neeg laus: ib qho kev coj ua hauv chaw kho mob los ntawm American College ntawm Cov Kws Tshuaj. Ann Intern Med. Xyoo 2014; 161 (9): 659-667. PMID: 25364887 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25364887/.

Ziemba JB, Matlaga BR. Cov lus qhia ntawm cov lus qhia: raum pob zeb. BJU Int. 2015; 116 (2): 184-189. PMID: 25684222. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25684222/.