Cov mob ntsws interstitial

Mob ntsws (Interstitial lung disease) (ILD) yog ib pawg kev mob ntsws uas cov ntsws mob ua rau lub ntsws mob thiab tom qab ntawd puas tsuaj.

Lub ntsws muaj cov hlab cua me me (alveoli), uas yog qhov chaw oxygen. Cov hnab pa no nthuav tawm nrog txhua cov pa.

Cov ntaub so ncig ncig ntawm cov hnab cua no hu ua interstitium. Hauv cov neeg muaj kab mob ntsws interstitial, cov ntaub so ntswg no ua rau txhav lossis caws pliav, thiab cov huab cua ua pa tsis tuaj yeem nthuav dav li ntau. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tsis muaj cov pa oxygen ntau npaum rau lub cev.

ILD tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj laj thawj. Qhov no hu ua idiopathic ILD. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) yog cov kabmob uas feem ntau ntawm hom no.

Kuj tseem muaj ntau lub hauv paus ua rau kev paub ntawm ILD, suav nrog:

• Cov kab mob autoimmune (nyob rau hauv lub nruab nrog cev tiv thaiv lub cev) xws li mob lupus, mob caj dab, mob sarcoidosis, thiab scleroderma.
• Lub ntsws mob vim ua pa rau cov tshuaj txawv teb chaws xws li qee yam plua plav, fungus, lossis pwm (mob ua paug pneumonitis).
• Tshuaj noj tshuaj (xws li nitrofusociationin, sulfonamides, bleomycin, amiodarone, methotrexate, kub, infliximab, etanercept, thiab lwm yam tshuaj kho mob).
• Hlawv kho rau lub hauv siab.
• Ua haujlwm nrog lossis ze ntawm cov asbestos, cov plua plav hauv av, paj rwb hmoov av, thiab hmoov av silica (hu ua mob ntsws ua haujlwm).

Kev haus luam yeeb yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim qee yam ntawm ILD thiab yuav ua rau tus kabmob hnyav dua.

Ua tsis taus pa yog tus tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm ILD. Koj yuav ua pa ceev dua lossis xav ua pa sib sib zog nqus:

• Thaum pib, txog siav yuav tsis muaj qhov hnyav thiab tsuas yog pom nrog kev tawm dag zog, nce ntaiv, thiab lwm yam dej num.
• Sij hawm dhau mus, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog kev siv zog tsawg dua li kev da dej lossis hnav khaub ncaws, thiab vim tias tus kabmob no lub zuj zus, txawm tias noj mov lossis hais lus.

Cov neeg feem ntau uas muaj tus mob no kuj hnoos qhuav. Qhov hnoos qhuav txhais tau tias koj tsis hnoos ib qho hnoos qeev lossis hnoos qeev.

Sij hawm dhau mus, poob phaus, nkees, thiab cov leeg nqaij thiab mob tej pob txha.

Cov neeg uas muaj ILD ntau dua tej zaum yuav muaj:

• Kev qoj ib ce tsis zoo thiab zaws ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov rau tes (clubbing).
• Xiav xiav ntawm daim di ncauj, tawv nqaij, lossis rau tes vim muaj cov pa oxygen ntshav tsawg (cyanosis).
• Cov tsos mob ntawm lwm yam kab mob xws li mob caj dab lossis teeb meem nqos (scleroderma), cuam tshuam nrog ILD.

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas lub cev. Lub suab qhuav thiab nrhoo nrov tuaj yeem hnov ​​thaum mloog lub hauv siab nrog lub stethoscope.

Cov kev xeem hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua:

• Ntshav mus kuaj txhawm rau saib cov kab mob autoimmune
• Bronchoscopy nrog lossis tsis kuaj me
• Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob xoo
• Kev ntsuas siab siab CT (HRCT) ntsuas lub hauv siab
• MRI hauv siab
• Echocardiogram
• Siv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob tawm
• Kev ntsuas cov ntshav pa theem ntawm so lossis thaum nquag
• Cov roj ntsha ntshav
• Pulmonary muaj nuj nqi xeem
• Mus rau hauv taug kev li 6 feeb (kuaj deb npaum li cas koj tuaj yeem taug kev hauv 6 feeb thiab pes tsawg zaus koj yuav tsum tau nres kom ntes tau koj ua pa)

Cov tib neeg uas tau kis hnyav rau cov kab mob ntsws ua haujlwm nyob rau tom chaw haujlwm feem ntau yog tshuaj xyuas tus kab mob ntsws. Cov haujlwm no suav nrog kev ua haujlwm thee, tawg xuab zeb, thiab ua haujlwm nkoj.

Txoj kev kho yog nyob ntawm qhov ua thiab ntev li ntawm tus kab mob. Cov tshuaj noj uas ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog thiab txo qis kev mob ntsws hauv lub ntsws yog tau sau tseg yog tias muaj tus kabmob autoimmune ua rau muaj teebmeem.Txog qee tus neeg uas muaj IPF, pirfenidone thiab nintedanib yog ob yam tshuaj uas yuav siv los kho tus mob qeeb. Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau tus mob, lub hom phiaj yog ua kom koj nyob zoo dua thiab txhawb kev ua haujlwm hauv lub ntsws:

• Yog koj haus luam yeeb, nug koj tus kws kho mob txog kev txiav luam yeeb.
• Cov neeg muaj ntshav oxygen tsis txaus yuav tau txais kev kho mob oxygen hauv tsev. Tus kws kho lub tshuab ua pa yuav pab koj teeb kom cov pa oxygen. Cov tsev neeg yuav tsum kawm paub txog kev khaws pa oxygen thiab kev nyab xeeb.

Mob ntsws txoj kev ua kom rov zoo tuaj yeem muab kev pab, thiab pab koj kawm:

• Txoj kev ua pa txawv
• Yuav teeb koj lub tsev li cas kom txuag hluav taws xob
• Yuav noj cov calories thiab zaub mov kom txaus li cas
• Yuav ua li cas nyob ruaj khov thiab muaj zog

Qee leej neeg uas muaj ILD siab heev yuav xav hloov lub ntsws.

Koj tuaj yeem daws kev ntxhov siab kev mob los ntawm koom nrog pab pawg txhawb nqa. Faib qhia rau lwm tus uas muaj kev paub thiab teeb meem ntau yam tuaj yeem pab koj tsis txhob xav tias yog ib leeg.

Txoj hauv kev yuav rov zoo los yog ILD tau loj dua yog nyob ntawm qhov ua rau thiab mob hnyav npaum li cas thaum nws tau kuaj pom thawj zaug.

Qee cov neeg uas muaj ILD pib lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm thiab ntshav siab hauv cov hlab ntshav ntawm lawv lub ntsws.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis muaj qhov tsis pom kev zoo.

Hu rau koj tus kws khomob yog:

• Koj tus ua tsis taus pa tau nyuab dua, nrawm dua, lossis ntau dua ntiav dua ua ntej
• Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua pa sib sib zog nqus, los yog xav kom khoov tom ntej thaum zaum
• Koj tau mob taub hau ntau dua
• Koj xav tsaug tsaug los sis ntxhov siab
• Koj ua npaws
• Koj hnoos tau cov hnoos qeev
• Koj cov ntsis ntiv tes lossis daim tawv ncig ntawm koj cov rau tes yog xiav

Diffuse parenchymal ntsws mob ntsws; Alveolitis; Kabmob Qhwv Qhia Txog Hlwb Qha (IPP)

• Yuav ua li cas ua pa thaum koj tseem ua pa luv
• Mob ntsws interstitial - cov neeg laus - paug
• Cov pa oxygen kev nyab xeeb
• Mus ncig ua si nrog cov teeb meem ua pa
• Siv cov pa oxygen hauv tsev

• Xab
• Cov neeg ua haujlwm thee pneumoconiosis - theem II
• Cov neeg ua haujlwm thee pneumoconiosis - theem II
• Cov neeg ua haujlwm thee pneumoconiosis, muaj kev nyuaj
• Kev ua pa system

Corte TJ, Du Bois RM, Wells AU. Kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob nqaij. Hauv: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, li al, eds. Murray thiab Nadel Cov Ntawv Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov PaCov. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 65.

Raghu G, Martinez FJ. Cov mob ntsws interstitial. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: tshooj 86.

Ryu JH, Selman M, Colby TV, King TE. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias mob ntsws. Hauv: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, li al, eds. Murray thiab Nadel Cov Ntawv Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov PaCov. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 63.