Kuaj Qhov Muag Pom

Zoo Siab

• Kev kuaj qhov muag yog dab tsi?
• Nws siv rau dab tsi?
• Vim li cas kuv thiaj yuav tsum tau kuaj qhov muag?
• Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum kuaj qhov muag?
• Kuv puas yuav tau ua dab tsi los npaj rau kev kuaj qhov muag?
• Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev kuaj mob?
• Cov txiaj ntsig li cas?
• Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv xav paub txog kev kuaj qhov muag?
• Ua tim khawv

Kev kuaj qhov muag yog dab tsi?

Kev kuaj qhov muag, tseem hu ua kev ntsuam xyuas qhov muag, yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas me me uas saib xyuas qhov teeb meem tsis pom kev thiab lub ntsej muag tsis zoo. Kev kuaj qhov muag yog feem ntau los ntawm cov kws khomob thawj zaug yog ib feem ntawm kev kuaj menyuam ib txwm muaj. Qee lub sijhawm muab tshuaj rau tus menyuam los ntawm tus kws tu neeg mob hauv tsev kawm ntawv.

Tshuaj ntsuam qhov muag tsis yog siv rau kuaj mob teeb meem tsis pom kev. Yog tias muaj teeb meem pom ntawm kev kuaj qhov muag, koj lossis koj tus kws kho mob yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws kho qhov muag tshwj xeeb rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho. Tus kws tshaj lij no yuav ua qhov kev sim ntsuas tob tob dua. Ntau cov teeb meem tsis pom kev thiab tsis meej tuaj yeem kho tau zoo nrog kev kho qhov muag, phais me, lossis lwm yam kev kho mob.

Lwm lub npe: kuaj qhov muag, kuaj qhov muag

Nws siv rau dab tsi?

Txoj kev kuaj qhov muag feem ntau yog siv los kuaj xyuas qhov teeb meem tsis pom kev ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Feem ntau cov qhov muag tsis pom kev hauv cov menyuam yaus muaj xws li:

• Nkawv txoj sia, kuj hu ua qhov muag tub nkeeg. Cov menyuam yaus nrog amblyopia muaj qhov muag plooj lossis qhov muag tsawg dua hauv ib lub qhov muag.
• Strabismus, tseem paub zoo li hla qhov muag. Hauv kev cuam tshuam no, ob lub qhov muag tsis tso txoj kab thiab txoj hauv kev sib txawv.

Ob qho kev cuam tshuam no tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim thaum pom ntxov.

Kev kuaj qhov muag yog tseem siv los pab nrhiav cov teeb meem pom kev hauv qab no, uas cuam tshuam rau menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus:

• Nearsightedness (myopia), ib qho xwm txheej uas ua rau cov khoom nyob deb qhov muag plooj
• Cov Tub Sab (hyperopia), ib qho xwm txheej uas ua rau cov chaw ze ze ua rau qhov muag plooj
• Astigmatism, ib qho mob uas ua rau ob qho ze thiab txav deb ua rau qhov muag plooj

Vim li cas kuv thiaj yuav tsum tau kuaj qhov muag?

Taug kev raws sijhawm kuaj tsis pom zoo rau cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv feem ntau. Tab sis cov neeg laus feem ntau raug txhawb kom tau qhov muag cov xeem los ntawm kws kho qhov muag raws sij hawm ua ntu zus. Yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog thaum mus kuaj qhov muag, tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.

Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua. Cov American Academy ntawm Ophthalmology thiab Asmeskas Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) pom zoo cov sij hawm tshuaj pom kev zoo li nram no:

• Yug Menyuam Mos. Txhua tus menyuam mos tshiab yuav tsum kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj kab mob qhov muag lossis lwm yam mob.
• 6 hli. Yuav tsum kuaj qhov muag thiab kuaj qhov muag thaum menyuam mus kuaj mob.
• 1 years4 xyoos. Yuav tsum kuaj qhov muag thiab kuaj qhov muag thaum mus ntsib.
• 5 xyoos rov saud Qhov muag thiab pom kev yuav tsum kuaj txhua lub xyoo.

Koj yuav tsum tau ntsuas koj tus menyuam yog tias nws muaj tsos mob ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev. Rau cov menyuam mos peb lub hlis lossis laus dua, cov tsos mob xam nrog rau:

• Tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom lub qhov muag sib txuas
• Ob lub qhov muag tsis zoo sib txig

Rau cov menyuam loj dua, cov tsos mob suav nrog:

• Ob lub qhov muag uas tsis zoo li txoj kab
• Tsog
• Kaw lossis npog ib qhov muag
• Teeb meem kev nyeem ntawv thiab / lossis ua haujlwm sib ze
• Kev tsis txaus siab uas yog qhov muag plooj
• Ntsais muag ntau dua li ib txwm
• Dej daj muag
• Droopy tawv muag
• Liab nyob hauv ib qho lossis ob qhov muag
• Hnov mus rau lub teeb

Yog tias koj yog ib tug neeg laus uas muaj teeb meem kho qhov muag lossis lwm tus tsos mob ntawm lub qhov muag, tej zaum koj yuav raug xa mus rau tus kws paub kho qhov muag kom kuaj qhov muag pom.

Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum kuaj qhov muag?

Muaj ntau ntau hom kev ntsuam xyuas qhov muag pom. Lawv suav nrog:

• Kev ntsuas qhov muag deb. Cov me nyuam hnub nyoog kawm ntawv thiab cov neeg laus feem ntau tau sim nrog daim duab ntsuas ntawm phab ntsa. Cov kab ntawv muaj ntau cov kab ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv. Cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm kab saum toj yog qhov loj tshaj. Cov tsiaj ntawv hauv qab yog cov me tshaj. Koj lossis koj tus menyuam yuav sawv lossis zaum 20 deb ntawm kab ntawv. Nws yuav tau hais kom npog ib lub qhov muag thiab nyeem cov tsiaj ntawv, ib kab zuj zus. Txhua qhov muag tau kuaj nyias.
• Kev ntsuas qhov muag deb ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv me. Rau cov menyuam me dhau nyeem, qhov kev sim no siv cov ntawv ntsuas phab ntsa zoo ib yam rau ib daim rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov laus. Tab sis hloov ntawm kab ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv sib txawv, nws tsuas yog muaj tsab ntawv E nyob hauv ntau txoj haujlwm. Koj tus menyuam yuav raug taw qhia kom mus raws li tus seem E. Qee ntawm cov kab ntawv no siv tus ntawv C, lossis siv duab, tsis qhia.
• Kaw qhov muag tsis pom kev zoo. Qhov kev ntsuas no, koj lossis koj tus menyuam yuav muab ib daim npav me me nrog cov ntawv sau nrog. Cov kab ntawm cov ntawv tau txais me dua thaum koj mus deb dua daim npav. Koj lossis koj tus menyuam yuav raug hais kom tuav daim npav ntev li 14 ntiv ntawm ntsej muag, thiab nyeem nrov nrov. Ob lub qhov muag tau kuaj tib lub sijhawm. Qhov kev kuaj ntshav no ib txwm muaj rau cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 40 dua, vim hais tias ze lub zeem muag ze zuj zus thaum koj laus zuj zus.
• Xim dig muag xeem ntawv. Cov menyuam yaus raug muab daim npav nrog cov lej xim lossis cov cim xim zais hauv keeb kwm ntawm ntau lub xim zais xim. Yog tias lawv tuaj yeem nyeem cov lej lossis cim, nws txhais tau tias tej zaum lawv tsis muaj xim dig muag.

Yog koj tus menyuam mos tau kuaj qhovmuag, koj tus kws khomob yuav tshawb xyuas rau:

• Koj tus me nyuam muaj peev xwm ua raws ib yam khoom, yam khoom ua si, nrog nws lub qhov muag
• Yuav ua li cas nws cov tub ntxhais kawm (qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov muag dub) tau teb rau lub teeb ci ntsa iab
• Txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas koj tus menyuam lub ntsej muag thaum lub teeb ci ci hauv lub qhov muag

Kuv puas yuav tau ua dab tsi los npaj rau kev kuaj qhov muag?

Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam hnav tsom iav lossis iav lo ntsiab muag, nqa nrog koj tsom iav. Koj tus kws khomob yuav xav kuaj cov tshuaj noj.

Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev kuaj mob?

Tsis muaj qhov phom sij rau qhov kuaj qhov muag.

Cov txiaj ntsig li cas?

Yog tias koj lub zeem muag pom tau qhov teeb meem tsis pom kev lossis qhov muag tsis zoo, koj yuav raug xa mus rau tus kws kho qhov muag tshwj xeeb kom kuaj qhov muag thiab kho ntau ntxiv. Ntau lub zeem muag pom kev thiab qhov muag cuam tshuam tau yooj yim kho, tshwj xeeb yog pom thaum ntxov.

Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv xav paub txog kev kuaj qhov muag?

Nws muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov kws saib xyuas qhov muag. Qhov feem ntau ntau hom muaj xws li:

• Ophthalmologist: Tus kws kho mob uas paub tshwj xeeb txog kev kho qhov muag thiab kho thiab tiv thaiv kab mob qhov muag. Kws kho qhov muag muab kev soj ntsuam qhov muag, muab tshuaj kho qhov muag, kuaj thiab kho kab mob qhov muag, thiab ua phais qhov muag.
• Kws kho qhov muag: Tus neeg kawm paub txog kev noj qab haus huv uas paub tshwj xeeb hauv cov teeb meem tsis pom kev thiab cuam tshuam ntawm lub qhov muag. Kws kho qhov muag muab ntau cov kev pab cuam tib yam li kws kho qhov muag, suav nrog kev ntsuas qhov muag, kho tshuaj kho qhov muag, thiab kho qee qhov muag tsis zoo. Txog kev ua rau lub qhov muag ua ntau lossis phais, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib tus kws kho qhov muag.
• Kws kho qhov muag: Tus kws tshaj lij uas kawm tiav tshuaj kho qhov muag kom pom kev zoo. Cov tsom iav npaj, sib sau ua ke, thiab haum tsom iav. Ntau tus kws kho qhov muag kuj pab kho qhov muag ntsiab muag.

Ua tim khawv

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2. American Academy of Ophthalmology [Internet]. San Francisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology; c2018. Ophthalmologist Yog Dab Tsi ?; 2013 Nov 3 [raug nplua 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.aao.org/eye-health/tips-prevention/what-is-ophthalmologist
3. Koom Haum Tebchaws Asmeskas Kev Tshawb Fawb Ophthalmology thiab Strabismus [Is Taws Nem]. San Francisco: AAPOS; c2018. Amblyopia [hloov tshiab 2017 Mar; hais 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 5 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.aapos.org/terms/conditions/21
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6. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Daim Ntawv Qhia CDC Cov Ntaub Ntawv: Cov Lus Tseeb Hais Txog Qhov Tsis Pom Kev [raug tshem tawm 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/pdf/parents_pdfs/VisionLossFactSheet.pdf
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11. JAMA Network [Internet]. Koom Haum Kho Mob Asmeskas; c2018. Kev Soj Ntsuam rau Kev Pom Tsis Zoo rau Cov Laus Dua: Cov Kev Pab Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyab Xeeb Cov Lus Qhia Pom Zoo; 2016 Mar 1 [raug nplua 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2497913
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13. University of Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Tsev kawm qib siab Rochester Medical Center; c2018. Phau Ntawv Teev Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Hom Kev Soj Ntsuam Cov Duab Rau Menyuam Mos thiab Menyuam Yuam [hais 2018 2018 5; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=90&contentid=P02107
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16. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2018. Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Lub Zeem Muag: Yuav Npaj Li Cas [kho tshiab 2017 Dec 3; hais 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/vision-tests/hw235693.html#aa24246
17. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2018. Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Lub Zeem Muag: Cov Tseeb [hloov kho 2017 Dec 3; hais 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 8 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/vision-tests/hw235693.html#aa24286
18. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2018. Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Kev Kuaj Pom Pom: Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Tag Nrho [kho tshiab 2017 Dec 3; hais 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/vision-tests/hw235693.html#hw235696
19. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2018. Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Lub Zeem Muag: Vim Li Cas Nws Ua Tas [kho tshiab 2017 Dec 3; hais 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/vision-tests/hw235693.html#hw235712
20. Lub Zeem Muag Pom [Hauv Internet]. American Lub Tsev Luam Ntawv rau Cov Neeg Dig Muag; c2018. Qhov sib txawv ntawm Kev kuaj qhov muag thiab kuaj qhov muag sib piv [hais tawm 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: http://www.visionaware.org/info/your-eye-condition/eye-health/eye-examination/125
21. Lub Zeem Muag Pom [Hauv Internet]. American Lub Tsev Luam Ntawv rau Cov Neeg Dig Muag; c2018. Qhov Txawv Txawv ntawm Cov Neeg Txawj Ntse Kev Kho Mob [cited 2018 Oct 5]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: http://www.visionaware.org/info/your-eye-condition/eye-health/types-of-eye-care-professionals-5981/125#Ophthalmology_Ophthalmologists

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xaib no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los hloov chaw kho mob lossis tswv yim kho mob. Hu rau kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.