Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: lawv yog dab tsi, hom thiab lawv yog dab tsi rau

Zoo Siab

• Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv li cas
• Theem 1
• Theem 2
• Theem 3:
• Kev txhaj tshuaj rau lub tebchaws
• 1. Cov menyuam menyuam muaj 9 hlis
• 2. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 1 txog 9 xyoos
• 
  3. Cov neeg loj thiab menyuam yaus txij li 10 xyoo
• Ntau cov lus nug feem ntau txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
• 1. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv puas tiv thaiv mus tag ib sim neej?
• 2. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv puas tuaj yeem siv thaum cev xeeb tub?
• 3. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv puas ua rau tib neeg mob siab?
• 4. Cov poj niam puas tau pub niam mis rau menyuam noj puas tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv?
• 5. Koj puas tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tib lub sijhawm?
• 6. Cov tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw ua ke yog dab tsi?

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj uas tsim hauv chav kuaj tshuaj uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog qhia kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv sib txawv ntawm cov kabmob sib kis, vim lawv txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, uas yog cov tshuaj uas ua los ntawm lub cev los tua cov kab mob sib kis. Yog li, lub cev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kab mob me me, tawm hauv nws npaj kom ua sai dua thaum qhov no tshwm sim.

Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj los ntawm txhaj tshuaj, tseem muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tuaj yeem noj ntawm qhov ncauj, zoo tib yam li OPV, uas yog koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tus mob polio.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev npaj lub cev los teb rau kev kis mob, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tseem txo qis kev sib zog ntawm cov tsos mob thiab tiv thaiv txhua tus neeg hauv zej zog, vim nws txo qis kev pheej hmoo kis mob. Txheeb xyuas 6 qhov laj thawj zoo rau kev txhaj tshuaj thiab ua kom phau ntawv hla dhau los.

Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom loj, nyob ntawm lawv cov lus sib xyaw:

• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv microorganism Attenuated: lub microorganism lub luag haujlwm rau tus kabmob raug tawm ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv chav kuaj ntshav uas txo nws txoj haujlwm. Yog li, thaum txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob me me no, tab sis tsis muaj kev txhim kho kab mob, vim tias cov kab mob me me tsis muaj zog. Piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog txhaj tshuaj BCG, triple viral thiab kab mob qhua dej;
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob tsis ciaj sia lossis tuag lawm: lawv muaj cov kab mob me me, lossis tawg ntawm cov kab mob me me, uas tsis ciaj sia los txhawb lub cev lub cev, zoo li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab thiab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv mob meningococcal.

Txij lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm ncaj qha rau cov kab mob me, lossis nws tawg, txhawb txoj kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Yog tias tus neeg tau ntsib nrog tus neeg kis tau tus kab mob hauv lub neej tom ntej, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv li cas

Kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua kom lawv muaj rau tag nrho cov pejxeem yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas koom nrog ntau yam ntawm cov kauj ruam, vim li ntawd kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ib hlis txog ntau xyoo.

Cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog:

Theem 1

Kev sim tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsim thiab sim nrog cov tawg ntawm cov tuag, ua haujlwm tsis meej lossis xeeb tub los yog tus neeg kis tus mob hauv cov neeg tsawg tsawg, thiab tom qab ntawd lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau pom tom qab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev loj hlob tshwm sim.

Qeb thib 1 no tsuas kav ntev li 2 xyoos thiab yog tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo txaus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau nce mus rau theem 2.

Theem 2

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tib hom pib rau hauv ntau tus neeg, piv txwv li 1000 tus neeg, thiab ntxiv rau kev soj ntsuam seb koj lub cev ua li cas thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim, peb sim xyuas seb cov koob tshuaj sib txawv zoo li cas thiaj li yuav nrhiav tau txhaj tshuaj kom txaus, uas muaj cov teebmeem tsawg dua, tab sis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv txhua tus neeg, thoob plaws ntiaj teb.

Theem 3:

Pom hais tias tib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv yeej ua tiav mus txog rau theem 2, nws tsiv mus rau theem peb, uas yog siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no rau ntau tus neeg, piv txwv li 5000, thiab soj ntsuam seb lawv puas muaj kev tiv thaiv tiag lossis tsis tau txais.

Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus neeg siv cov kev ceev faj ib yam nkaus txog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tus kab mob kis tau tus kab mob rau hauv nug. Yog li, yog tias qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tus kab mob HIV, piv txwv li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus neeg txuas ntxiv siv hnab looj thiab tsis txhob sib qiv koob.

Kev txhaj tshuaj rau lub tebchaws

Muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yog ib feem ntawm txoj kev npaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tebchaws, uas yog siv tshuaj pub dawb, thiab lwm tus tuaj yeem siv tshuaj kho mob lossis yog tus neeg taug kev mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yog ib feem ntawm kev npaj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tebchaws thiab tuaj yeem siv tshuaj pub dawb suav nrog:

1. Cov menyuam menyuam muaj 9 hlis

Rau cov menyuam mos mus txog 9 hlis, hnub nyoog tseem ceeb txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog:

2. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 1 txog 9 xyoos

Hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 1 txog 9 xyoo, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv phiaj xwm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog:

3. Cov neeg loj thiab menyuam yaus txij li 10 xyoo

Cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov laus, cov laus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau qhia thaum tsis tau npaj hom tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau menyuam yaus. Yog li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb qhia nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog:

Saib cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv qab no thiab nkag siab tias vim li cas thiaj li txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiaj li tseem ceeb:

Ntau cov lus nug feem ntau txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv

1. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv puas tiv thaiv mus tag ib sim neej?

Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev nco txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob mus tag lub neej, txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau lwm qhov, nws yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, xws li tus mob meningococcal, diphtheria lossis tetanus, piv txwv.

Nws tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub tias koob tshuaj yuav siv qee lub sijhawm los siv, yog li tus neeg kis tus kabmob tsis ntev tomqab noj, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsis ua haujlwm thiab tus neeg tuaj yeem tsim tus kabmob.

2. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv puas tuaj yeem siv thaum cev xeeb tub?

Yog li lawv yog pab pawg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo, cov pojniam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum txhaj qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, xws li koob tshuaj tiv thaiv khaub thuas, kab mob siab B, kabmob qafoob, kabmob qa thiab hawb hnoos, uas siv los tivthaiv tus pojniam xeeb menyuam thiab tus menyuam. Kev coj ntawm lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau muab ntsuas rau ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab muab tshuaj los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Saib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv twg tau qhia tseg thaum cev xeeb tub.

3. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv puas ua rau tib neeg mob siab?

Tsis yog. Feem ntau, cov tib neeg uas dhau mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog vim lawv ntshai koob, vim tias lawv hnov ​​mob thiab ntshai.

4. Cov poj niam puas tau pub niam mis rau menyuam noj puas tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv?

Yog, Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem muab rau lactating poj niam, txhawm rau tiv thaiv leej niam tsis kis tus kab mob lossis kab mob rau tus menyuam, txawm li cas los xij nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus poj niam muaj kev taw qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis rau cov poj niam uas pub niam mis yog mob ua npaws daj thiab npaws duav xwb.

5. Koj puas tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tib lub sijhawm?

Yog, Kev tswj hwm ntau dua li ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau tib lub sijhawm nws yuav tsis ua mob rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.

6. Cov tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw ua ke yog dab tsi?

Cov tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw ua ke yog cov uas tiv thaiv tus neeg los ntawm ntau dua ib tus kab mob thiab qhov kev tswj hwm ntawm tsuas yog ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj yog tsim nyog, xws li muaj plaub zaug kis, tetraviral lossis kab mob penta, piv txwv.