8 cov teeb meem cov thyroid nquag muaj thiab yuav ua li cas paub

Zoo Siab

• 1. hyperthyroidism lossis Hypothyroidism
• 2. Mob ua mob qog - Ua rau cov thyroid mob
• 3. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
• 4. Tom qab cov hlav ua cov thyroiditis
• 5. Lub taub ntim dab
• 6. Graves 'kab mob
• 7. Lub qog nodule
• 8. Mob qog noj ntshav
• Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem thyroid

Cov qog yog ib lub caj pas nyob rau sab xub ntiag ntawm lub caj dab, nws muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev pabcuam los tswj cov metabolism thiab sib npaug ntawm cov kabmob, raug cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv, lub hlwb, lub siab thiab lub raum. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub qog tseem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob, lub cev ntas, kev muaj peev xwm, lub cev nyhav thiab kev xav hauv lub xeev.

Cov teebmeem no ua tau vim tias cov thyroid tso cov tshuaj hormones T3 thiab T4 rau hauv cov ntshav, ua kom kis mus thoob plaws lub cev. Lub qog ua haujlwm tau tswj hwm los ntawm lub caj pas pituitary, lwm lub caj pas nyob hauv lub hlwb uas, nyeg, yog tswj hwm los ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub hlwb hu ua hypothalamus. Yog li, cov kev hloov hauv ib cheeb tsam no tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem thiab tsos mob ntsig txog lub qog.

Lub qog ua haujlwm tsis zoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim muaj ntau yam teeb meem, thiab tsuas yog tus kws kho mob qhov kev tshuaj xyuas yuav txawv thiab paub meej tias lawv, txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no yog qee qhov feem ntau:

1. hyperthyroidism lossis Hypothyroidism

Piv txwv Hypo thiab hyperthyroidism yog cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov qib hormone zais cia los ntawm cov thyroid, thiab tuaj yeem muaj cov kab mob ua qog, autoimmune, mob rau sab lossis lwm yam ntxiv rau lwm yam kab mob lossis phiv los ntawm kev kho mob, piv txwv.

Feem ntau, hauv hyperthyroidism muaj ntau ntxiv rau cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones T3 thiab T4 thiab txo TSH TSH, thaum nyob hauv hypothyroidism muaj kev poob qis hauv T3 thiab T4 nrog kev nce TSH, txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum yuav muaj kev hloov pauv nyob ntawm vim Cov.

Txhawm rau kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov tsos mob uas qhia txog cov kab mob no, kuaj xyuas cov tsos mob uas qhia txog cov thyroid teeb meem.

2. Mob ua mob qog - Ua rau cov thyroid mob

Mob qog mob ua rau cov thyroid mob, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ntau yam ua nrog rau kis mob, xws li coxsackievirus, adenovirus thiab mumps thiab measles virus, autoimmunity, lossis intoxications los ntawm qee cov tshuaj, xws li amiodarone, piv txwv.

Lub qog mob qog tuaj yeem qhia nws tus kheej hauv kev mob hnyav, subacute lossis mob ntev, thiab cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm asymptomatic mus rau cov tsos mob hnyav ntxiv uas ua rau mob thyroid mob, nyuaj rau nqos, kub taub hau lossis ua daus no, piv txwv li, nyob ntawm qhov ua rau. Nkag siab yuav ua li cas thyroiditis tshwm sim thiab nws cov ntsiab ua.

3. Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Hashimoto's thyroiditis yog ib hom kev mob autoimmune thyroiditis, uas ua rau mob o, ua rau ntawm tes puas thiab ua rau cov thyroid tsis ua haujlwm, uas tej zaum yuav tsis tso cov tshuaj hormones txaus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav.

Hauv cov kab mob no lub qog feem ntau nce ntxiv rau hauv qhov loj me, ua rau tus neeg tso zis, thiab cov tsos mob ntawm hypothyroidism lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm hyper thiab hypothyroidism tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Nws yog tus kab mob autoimmune uas tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg), anti-TSH receptor (anti-TSHr). Saib kev kho mob los ntawm nyem rau ntawm no.

4. Tom qab cov hlav ua cov thyroiditis

Mob tom qab lub caij cov thyroiditis yog ib hom kev mob autoimmune thyroiditis, uas cuam tshuam rau cov poj niam txog 12 hlis tom qab yug tus me nyuam, feem ntau muaj rau cov poj niam uas mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 lossis lwm yam kab mob autoimmune.

Thaum cev xeeb tub, tus poj niam muaj kev cuam tshuam rau menyuam cov nqaij mos, thiab kom tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau muaj kev hloov ntau yam, uas yuav ua rau muaj feem ntau ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov kabmob autoimmune. Qhov kev hloov no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog cov tsos mob ntawm hypothyroidism, tab sis nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho vim tias cov thyroid muaj nuj nqi tuaj yeem rov qab zoo li qub hauv 6 txog 12 hlis.

5. Lub taub ntim dab

Goiter yog kev nce hauv qhov loj ntawm lub qog. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam ua rau mob, suav nrog tsis muaj iodine, mob ntawm cov thyroid vim muaj cov kabmob autoimmune lossis tsim cov nodules hauv lub qog, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob xws li nruj hauv lub caj pas, ua nyuaj rau nqos, txhaws qa, hnoos thiab, nyob rau hauv ntau dua mob heev, txawm tias ua pa nyuaj.

Nws txoj kev kho yog sib txawv raws li qhov ua rau, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kev siv ntawm iodine, tshuaj rau hyper lossis hypothyroidism lossis, yog tias muaj hnoos qeev thiab hlwv, txawm tias ua haujlwm ntawm cov thyroid phais. Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog dab tsi cov goiter yog, yuav ua li cas paub thiab kho nws.

6. Graves 'kab mob

Graves 'kab mob yog ib daim ntawv ntawm hyperthyroidism vim yog lub cev ua rau autoimmune, thiab ntxiv rau cov tsos mob ntawm hyperthyroidism, nws tuaj yeem nthuav tawm qhov mob qog, lub qhov muag tiv thaiv (palpebral retraction), tsim cov tawv nqaij thiab tawv nqaij hauv qab tawv nqaij (myxedema).

Txoj kev kho yog ua tiav nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm cov thyroid hormoneses qib, nrog rau kev siv tshuaj xws li Propiltiouracil lossis Metimazole, piv txwv, lossis nrog radioactive iodine.Saib cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm no.

7. Lub qog nodule

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos ntawm cyst lossis nodule hauv lub qog tsis ib txwm tshawb nrhiav. Muaj ob peb hom nodules hauv lub qog, thiab hmoov zoo lawv feem ntau yog benign, thiab tuaj yeem nthuav tawm los ntawm cov qog ntawm sab xub ntiag ntawm caj dab, uas tsis ua rau mob, tab sis uas tuaj yeem pom thaum tus neeg nqos khoom noj, rau Piv txwv.

Nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm palpation, thiab kev ntsuam xyuas xws li ultrasound, tomography thiab thyroid scintigraphy, thiab qee zaum tus kws kho mob yuav yuam kom kuaj me me kom paub nws hom thiab seb nws yog benign lossis malignant. Feem ntau, tsuas yog cov hnoos qeev tau saib xyuas, tshwj tsis yog thaum tus neeg muaj tsos mob, thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog lossis thaum tus hno hloov nws qhov tshwm sim lossis loj dua 1 cm. Saib cov ntsiab lus ntxiv los ntawm nyem qhov no.

8. Mob qog noj ntshav

Nws yog tus mob qog ua npaws, thiab thaum nws nrhiav tau, kev kuaj, xws li tag nrho lub cev scintigraphy, yuav tsum ua kom pom tias lwm qhov ntawm lub cev tau cuam tshuam. Txoj kev kho mob yog ua tiav nrog kev tshem tawm cov thyroid los ntawm kev phais mob, thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau lwm qhov kev kho mob ntxiv xws li siv cov pa hluav taws xob iodine, piv txwv. Thaum muaj mob loj dua thiab mob qog, tua hluav taws xob kuj tseem siv tau. Pom 7 cov tsos mob uas tuaj yeem qhia txog tus mob qog noj ntshav.

Kuj tseem saib cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv qab no thiab kawm txog dab tsi noj zaub mov thaum kho cov thyroid mob cancer:

Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem thyroid

Cov kev ntsuam xyuas uas tuaj yeem qhia tias muaj cov thyroid hloov pauv yog qhov ntsuas ntawm T3, T4 thiab TSH hauv cov ntshav, ntxiv rau lwm tus xws li ntsuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ntsuas ultrasound, scintigraphy lossis biopsy, uas tuaj yeem txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob endocrinologist kom tshawb xyuas qhov laj thawj zoo dua rau cov kev hloov pauv. Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog kev ntsuam xyuas uas ntsuas cov thyroid.