Mob Cancer

Zoo Siab

• Tshuaj xyuas rau

Mob qog noj ntshav yog mob qog noj ntshav uas tsim tawm hauv cov nqaij ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Xyoo 2008, muaj kwv yees li 1 lab tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav tshiab (nonmelanoma) tau kuaj pom thiab muaj tsawg dua 1,000 tus neeg tuag. Muaj ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij:

• Melanoma tsim nyob rau hauv melanocytes (cov tawv nqaij ua cov xim)

• Basal cell carcinoma ua rau hauv cov cell hauv paus (me me, hloov pauv hauv cov hauv paus ntawm txheej txheej tawv nqaij)

• Squamous cell carcinoma tsim nyob rau hauv squamous cells (cov hlwb tiaj tus uas ua rau saum daim tawv nqaij)

• Neuroendocrine carcinoma cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov hlwb neuroendocrine (cov cell uas tso cov tshuaj hormones teb rau cov teeb liab ntawm lub paj hlwb)

Feem ntau cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev raug tshav ntuj lossis hauv cov neeg uas tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev tiv thaiv thaum ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Txog ntawm daim tawv nqaij

Cov tawv nqaij yog lub cev loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub cev. Nws tiv thaiv tshav kub, teeb, raug mob, thiab kis kab mob. Nws pab tswj lub cev kub. Nws khaws dej thiab rog. Cov tawv nqaij kuj tsim cov vitamin D.

Cov tawv nqaij muaj ob txheej tseem ceeb:

• Epidermis. Lub epidermis yog txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nws feem ntau yog ua los ntawm lub tiaj, los yog squamous, hlwb. Nyob rau hauv lub squamous hlwb nyob rau hauv lub deepest ib feem ntawm lub epidermis yog round hlwb hu ua basal hlwb. Cells hu ua melanocytes ua cov xim (xim) pom nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij thiab nyob rau hauv qis dua ntawm lub epidermis.

• Dermis. Lub dermis nyob hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Nws muaj cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntshav, thiab cov qog. Qee cov qog no tsim tawm hws, uas pab ua kom lub cev txias. Lwm cov qog ua sebum. Sebum yog ib yam khoom oily uas pab kom cov tawv nqaij qhuav tawm. Hws thiab sebum ncav cuag cov tawv nqaij los ntawm qhov qhib me me hu ua qhov hws.

Nkag siab txog mob qog noj ntshav

Cov tawv nqaij mob qog noj ntshav pib hauv cov hlwb, cov tsev tsim ua cov tawv nqaij. Feem ntau, cov cell ntawm daim tawv nqaij loj hlob thiab sib faib los tsim cov hlwb tshiab. Txhua hnub cov tawv nqaij ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus zuj zus thiab tuag, thiab cov cell tshiab hloov chaw.

Qee zaum, cov txheej txheem kom raug no mus tsis raug. Cov hlwb tshiab tsim thaum daim tawv nqaij tsis xav tau, thiab cov hlwb qub tsis tuag thaum lawv yuav tsum. Cov hlwb ntxiv no tuaj yeem tsim cov nqaij mos hu ua kev loj hlob lossis qog.

Kev loj hlob lossis qog tuaj yeem ua rau benign lossis malignant:

• Kev loj hlob zoo tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav:

o Kev loj hlob zoo tsis tshua muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej.

o Feem ntau, benign loj hlob tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Lawv feem ntau tsis loj hlob rov qab.

o Cov cell los ntawm kev loj hlob zoo tsis ua rau cov nqaij nyob ib puag ncig lawv.

o Cov cell los ntawm kev loj hlob zoo tsis kis mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev.

• Malignant loj hlob yog mob qog noj ntshav:

o Kev loj hlob tsis zoo yog feem ntau hnyav dua li kev loj hlob zoo. Lawv yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, ob hom mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau ua rau tsuas yog ib ntawm txhua txhua txhiab tus neeg tuag los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

o Kev loj hlob tsis zoo feem ntau tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Tab sis qee zaum lawv loj hlob rov qab.

o Cells los ntawm kev loj hlob malignant tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kabmob nyob ze.

o Cov cell los ntawm qee qhov kev loj hlob tuaj yeem kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev. Kev kis mob qog noj ntshav hu ua metastasis.

Ob hom mob qog noj ntshav ntau tshaj plaws yog mob qog noj ntshav basal thiab mob qog nqaij hlav squamous. Cov qog nqaij hlav no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm lub taub hau, ntsej muag, caj dab, tes, thiab caj npab, tab sis daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob qhov twg.

• Cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij basal loj hlob qeeb. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim ntawm cov tawv nqaij uas tau nyob hauv lub hnub. Nws yog feem ntau ntawm lub ntsej muag. Kab mob qog noj ntshav Basal tsis tshua kis mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev.

• Squamous cell tawv nqaij mob qog noj ntshav kuj tseem tshwm sim ntawm cov tawv nqaij uas tau nyob hauv lub hnub. Tab sis nws kuj yuav nyob hauv qhov chaw tsis nyob hauv lub hnub. Squamous cell cancer qee zaum kis mus rau cov qog ntshav thiab cov kabmob hauv lub cev.

Yog tias mob qog noj ntshav tau kis los ntawm nws qhov chaw qub mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev, qhov kev loj hlob tshiab muaj tib yam ntawm cov cell txawv txav thiab tib lub npe uas yog thawj qhov kev loj hlob. Nws tseem hu ua mob qog noj ntshav.

Leej twg muaj kev pheej hmoo?

Cov kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia tias vim li cas ib tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav thiab lwm tus tsis ua. Tab sis kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov neeg uas muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo muaj feem ntau dua li lwm tus los tsim cov qog nqaij hlav cancer ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov no suav nrog:

• Cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet (UV) tuaj ntawm lub hnub, lub hnub ci, lub txaj ziab, lossis lub rooj ziab khaub ncaws. Ib tug neeg txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav yog cuam tshuam rau lub neej raug rau UV hluav taws xob. Feem ntau mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij tshwm tom qab hnub nyoog 50 xyoos, tab sis lub hnub puas rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij txij thaum muaj hnub nyoog.

UV hluav taws xob cuam tshuam rau txhua tus. Tab sis cov neeg uas muaj tawv nqaij ncaj uas ua rau tawv nqaij lossis hlawv tau yooj yim yog qhov pheej hmoo ntau dua. Cov neeg no feem ntau kuj muaj cov plaub hau liab lossis xim daj thiab lub ntsej muag xim xim. Tab sis txawm cov neeg uas tan tuaj yeem mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov neeg uas nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tau txais hluav taws xob ntau ntawm UV muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thaj chaw nyob rau sab qab teb (xws li Texas thiab Florida) tau txais hluav taws xob UV ntau dua li thaj chaw nyob rau sab qaum teb (xws li Minnesota). Tsis tas li, cov neeg uas nyob hauv roob tau txais qib siab ntawm UV hluav taws xob.

Yuav tsum nco ntsoov: UV hluav taws xob tam sim no txawm nyob hauv huab cua txias lossis hnub huab cua.

• Nplaim lossis kub hnyiab ntawm daim tawv nqaij

• Kev kis tus kab mob rau tib neeg papillomaviruses

• Cov tawv nqaij mob hnyav lossis mob txhab tawv nqaij

• Cov kab mob uas ua rau cov tawv nqaij rhiab rau lub hnub, xws li xeroderma pigmentosum, albinism, thiab basal cell nevus syndrome

• Kev kho hluav taws xob

• Cov kev kho mob lossis tshuaj uas ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog

• Tus kheej keeb kwm ntawm ib lossis ntau dua cov qog nqaij hlav

• Tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm mob qog noj ntshav

• Actinic keratosis yog ib hom kab txaij, scaly loj hlob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nws feem ntau pom nyob rau thaj chaw raug tshav ntuj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub ntsej muag thiab nraub qaum ntawm tes. Cov kev loj hlob tuaj yeem tshwm raws li ntxhib liab lossis xim av thaj ua rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm raws li tawg lossis tev ntawm daim di ncauj qis uas tsis kho. Yog tsis muaj kev kho mob, tsawg tus ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob tuaj yeem hloov mus ua squamous cell cancer.

• Bowen tus kab mob, ib hom tawv nqaij lossis tawv ua tawv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Yog tias ib tus neeg muaj mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lwm yam uas tsis yog melanoma, qhov pheej hmoo kis lwm hom mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem ntau dua ob npaug, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas, haiv neeg twg lossis lwm yam kev ua neej xws li haus luam yeeb. Ob hom kab mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau - basal cell thiab squamous cell carcinomas - feem ntau raug tso tseg tsis muaj kev phom sij, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua qhov ceeb toom ntxov rau mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub mis, plab hnyuv, ntsws, siab thiab zes qe menyuam, thiab lwm yam. Lwm cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia pom me me tab sis tseem muaj kev sib raug zoo.

Cov tsos mob

Feem ntau cov qog nqaij hlav hauv paus thiab cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov tawv nqaij tuaj yeem kho tau yog tias pom thiab kho ntxov.

Kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog qhov tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib qho kev loj hlob tshiab, ib qho mob uas tsis kho, lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm kev loj hlob qub. Tsis yog txhua daim tawv nqaij mob qog noj ntshav zoo ib yam. Cov tawv nqaij hloov los saib rau:

• Cov pob me me, du, ci ntsa iab, daj ntseg, los yog waxy pob

• Tawv, pob liab

• Mob los yog pob uas los ntshav los yog ua rau tawv nqaij los yog khaus

• Cov nqaij liab tiaj tus uas ntxhib, qhuav, lossis tawv thiab tuaj yeem ua rau khaus lossis tawv nqaij

• Liab lossis xim av thaj uas ntxhib thiab scaly

Qee zaum mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij mob, tab sis feem ntau nws tsis yog.

Kev tshuaj xyuas koj cov tawv nqaij ib ntus rau kev loj hlob tshiab lossis lwm yam kev hloov pauv yog lub tswv yim zoo. Nco ntsoov tias kev hloov pauv tsis yog lub cim qhia tias mob qog noj ntshav. Tseem, koj yuav tsum tshaj tawm ib qho kev hloov pauv rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tej zaum koj yuav tau mus ntsib kws kho mob dermatologist, kws kho mob uas muaj kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb hauv kev kuaj mob thiab kho cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Kev kuaj mob

Yog tias koj muaj kev hloov ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum paub seb nws puas yog vim mob qog noj ntshav lossis lwm yam ua rau. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua qhov kuaj ntshav, tshem tag nrho lossis ib feem ntawm thaj chaw uas tsis zoo li qub. Tus qauv mus rau ib lub chaw kuaj ntshav uas tus kws kuaj mob kuaj nws hauv lub tshuab tsom me me. Ib qho biopsy yog tib txoj hauv kev kom kuaj tau kab mob qog noj ntshav.

Muaj plaub yam sib txawv ntawm daim tawv nqaij biopsies:

1Punch biopsy - ib qho cuab yeej ntse, hollow yog siv los tshem tawm lub voj voog ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm qhov chaw txawv txav.

2. Kev kuaj lub cev tsis tu ncua-lub taub hau taub hau raug siv los tshem tawm ib feem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob.

3. Kev tshem tawm qhov nqaij ntuag tawm-lub taub hau taub hau yog siv los tshem tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob thiab qee cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig nws.

4. Shave biopsy - ib tug nyias, ntse hniav yog siv los chais tawm qhov txawv txav.

Yog kev kuaj pom pom tias koj muaj mob qog noj ntshav, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsum paub txog theem (theem) ntawm tus kab mob. Hauv ob peb kis, tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas koj cov qog ntshav kom ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov theem yog ua raws:

* Qhov loj ntawm kev loj hlob

* Nws loj npaum li cas hauv qab txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij

* Txawm hais tias nws tau kis mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav nyob ze lossis mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev

Cov theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav:

* Theem 0: Tus mob qog noj ntshav tsuas yog siv rau txheej tawv nqaij xwb. Nws yog carcinoma nyob rau hauv qhov chaw.

* Theem I: Qhov kev loj hlob yog 2 centimeters dav (peb-quarters ntawm ib nti) los yog me dua.

* Theem II: Kev loj hlob loj dua 2 centimeters dav (peb-peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib nti).

* Theem III: Tus mob qog noj ntshav tau kis hauv qab daim tawv nqaij mus rau pob txha mos, leeg nqaij, pob txha, lossis mus rau cov qog ntshav ze. Nws tsis tau kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw hauv lub cev.

* Theem IV: Tus mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev.

Qee lub sij hawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav raug tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm biopsy. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tsis xav tau kev kho mob ntxiv. Yog tias koj xav tau kev kho mob ntxiv, koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia koj cov kev xaiv.

Kev kho mob

Kev kho mob cancer ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob ntawm hom thiab theem ntawm tus kab mob, qhov loj thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob, thiab koj qhov kev noj qab haus huv thiab keeb kwm kho mob. Feem ntau, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob yog tshem tawm lossis rhuav tshem cov qog nqaij hlav kom tiav.

Kev phais yog kev kho mob ib txwm rau cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav. Ntau cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem tshem tawm sai thiab yooj yim. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tus kws kho mob yuav hais qhia tshuaj kho lub cev, kho duab hluav taws xob, lossis kho hluav taws xob.

Kev phais

Kev phais kom kho mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm ib ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev. Txoj kev uas koj tus kws kho mob siv yog nyob ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob thiab lwm yam.

• Kev phais ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib qho kev kho mob los tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tom qab suav thaj tsam, tus kws phais mob tshem tawm txoj kev loj hlob nrog lub taub hau. Tus kws phais mob tseem tshem tawm cov ciam teb ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob ib puag ncig kev loj hlob. Cov tawv nqaij no yog cov npoo. Cov npoo yog tshuaj xyuas nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas kom paub tseeb tias tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tau raug tshem tawm. Qhov loj ntawm cov npoo yog nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm kev loj hlob.

• Mohs phais (tseem hu ua Mohs micrographic phais) feem ntau siv rau mob qog noj ntshav. Thaj chaw ntawm kev loj hlob yog numbed. Ib tus kws phais tshwj xeeb uas tau kawm paub tau tshem tawm cov txheej nyias nyias ntawm txoj kev loj hlob. Txhua txheej tau tshuaj xyuas tam sim hauv qab lub tshuab tsom. Tus kws phais mob tseem txuas ntxiv cov ntaub so ntswg kom txog thaum tsis pom cov qog nqaij hlav cancer hauv qab lub tsom iav. Ua li no, tus kws phais tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav thiab tsuas yog me me ntawm cov nqaij mos noj qab haus huv xwb.

• Electrodesiccation thiab curettage feem ntau yog siv los tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav me me ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tus kws kho mob ua rau thaj chaw kho mob. Cov mob qog noj ntshav raug tshem tawm nrog curette, cov cuab yeej ntse zoo li rab diav. Ib qho hluav taws xob xa mus rau thaj chaw kho mob kom tswj ntshav los thiab tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer uas tej zaum tseem tshuav. Electrodesiccation thiab curettage feem ntau yog cov txheej txheem ceev thiab yooj yim.

• Cryosurgery feem ntau yog siv rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau lwm hom kev phais. Nws siv txias heev los kho thaum ntxov lossis mob qog nqaij tawv heev. Cov kua nitrogen ua kom txias. Tus kws kho mob siv cov kua nitrogen ncaj qha rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij loj hlob. Qhov kev kho no yuav ua rau o. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas ntsoog, uas tuaj yeem ua rau poob siab hauv qhov chaw puas.

• Kev phais laser siv lub teeb nqaim kom tshem tawm lossis rhuav tshem cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau kev loj hlob uas nyob rau txheej txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij nkaus xwb.

Grafts qee zaum xav tau los kaw qhov qhib ntawm daim tawv nqaij sab laug los ntawm kev phais. Tus kws phais mob thawj zaug thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm cov tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv los ntawm lwm qhov ntawm lub cev, xws li tus ncej puab. Lub thaj yog siv los npog thaj chaw uas mob qog noj ntshav tau raug tshem tawm. Yog tias koj muaj tawv nqaij tawv, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj chaw kom txog thaum nws zoo.

Tom qab-op

Lub sijhawm nws yuav siv los kho tom qab phais yog txawv rau txhua tus neeg. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis xis nyob rau thawj ob peb hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, tshuaj feem ntau tuaj yeem tswj qhov mob. Ua ntej phais, koj yuav tsum tham txog txoj kev npaj kho mob nrog koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws saib xyuas neeg mob. Tom qab phais tas, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho qhov phiaj xwm.

Kev phais yuav luag ib txwm tawm ntawm qhov caws pliav. Qhov loj thiab xim ntawm qhov caws pliav yog nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, hom kev phais, thiab seb koj cov tawv nqaij kho li cas.

Rau txhua hom kev phais, suav nrog kev tshem tawm tawv nqaij lossis phais kho dua tshiab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia txog kev da dej, shaving, tawm dag zog, lossis lwm yam dej num.

Tshuaj pleev tshuaj

Cov kws khomob siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob tua kabmob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Thaum siv tshuaj ncaj qha rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, kev kho yog tshuaj pleev tshuaj. Nws feem ntau siv thaum mob qog noj ntshav loj dhau rau kev phais. Nws kuj tseem siv tau thaum kws kho mob tseem nrhiav cov qog nqaij hlav tshiab.

Feem ntau, cov tshuaj tuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug cream los yog lotion. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ib lossis ob zaug hauv ib hnub rau ob peb lub lis piam. Ib qho tshuaj hu ua fluorouracil (5-FU) yog siv los kho cov qog nqaij hlav basal thiab squamous cell uas nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm daim tawv nqaij xwb. Cov tshuaj hu ua imiquimod kuj tseem siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav cell hauv lub cev nkaus xwb.

Cov tshuaj no yuav ua rau koj cov tawv nqaij liab lossis o tuaj. Nws kuj yuav khaus, mob, ooze, los yog ua pob liab liab. Tej zaum nws yuav mob los yog rhiab rau lub hnub. Cov tawv nqaij hloov pauv no feem ntau ploj mus tom qab kho tas lawm. Cov tshuaj kho mob feem ntau tsis tawm ntawm qhov caws pliav. Yog tias daim tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv dhau los ua liab lossis nyoos thaum kho mob qog noj ntshav, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tsis txhob kho.

Kev kho photodynamic

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) siv cov tshuaj nrog rau lub teeb tshwj xeeb, xws li lub teeb laser, los tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov tshuaj yog photosensitizing tus neeg sawv cev. Ib tug cream yog siv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog tshuaj yog txhaj. Nws nyob hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer ntev dua li cov hlwb qub. Ob peb teev lossis hnub tom qab, lub teeb tshwj xeeb yog tsom rau kev loj hlob. Cov tshuaj ua kom nquag plias thiab rhuav tshem cov qog nqaij hlav nyob ze.

PDT yog siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lossis ze rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm PDT feem ntau tsis loj. PDT yuav ua rau kub hnyiab lossis ua rau mob. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab, o, lossis liab. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij mos noj qab nyob zoo nyob ze ntawm qhov kev loj hlob. Yog tias koj muaj PDT, koj yuav tsum zam kev tshav ntuj ncaj qha thiab lub teeb nyob sab hauv tsev yam tsawg kawg 6 lub lis piam tom qab kho.

Kev kho hluav taws xob

Kev kho hluav taws xob (tseem hu ua kev kho hluav taws xob) siv lub zog hluav taws xob siab los tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov rays tuaj ntawm lub tshuab loj sab nraum lub cev. Lawv cuam tshuam rau cov cell nkaus xwb hauv thaj chaw kho. Qhov kev kho mob no tau muab rau tom tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob hauv ib koob lossis ntau koob nyob rau ntau lub lis piam.

Radiation tsis yog ib qho kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv rau mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov tawv nqaij hauv thaj chaw uas phais yuav nyuaj lossis tso qhov caws pliav tsis zoo. Koj yuav muaj txoj kev kho mob no yog tias koj muaj kev loj hlob ntawm koj daim tawv muag, pob ntseg, lossis qhov ntswg. Nws kuj tseem yuav siv tau yog tias mob qog noj ntshav rov qab los tom qab phais tshem nws.

Kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov koob tshuaj ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab qhov chaw ntawm koj lub cev uas kho. Thaum kho koj cov tawv nqaij hauv qhov chaw kho mob tuaj yeem ua liab, qhuav, thiab sib tw. Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhia txoj hauv kev los txo cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho hluav taws xob.

Kev saib xyuas tom qab

Kev saib xyuas tom qab kev kho mob qog noj ntshav yog qhov tseem ceeb. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas koj txoj kev rov qab los thiab kuaj seb puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav tshiab. Cov qog nqaij hlav tshiab ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj ntau dua li kev kho mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kev tshuaj xyuas tas li pab xyuas kom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj kev noj qab haus huv tau raug sau tseg thiab kho yog tias xav tau. Nruab nrab ntawm kev mus ntsib kws kho mob, koj yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas koj cov tawv nqaij tas li. Hu rau tus kws kho mob yog tias koj pom muaj dab tsi txawv txav. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas thiaj txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav tawv nqaij dua.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tawv nqaij tus kheej

Koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob tuaj yeem hais kom koj ua daim tawv nqaij ntawm tus kheej mus kuaj mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog melanoma.

Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws los ua qhov kev kuaj mob no yog tom qab da dej lossis da dej. Koj yuav tsum kuaj xyuas koj cov tawv nqaij hauv ib chav uas muaj teeb pom kev zoo. Siv ob lub qhov ntev thiab ib daim iav tuav. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los pib los ntawm kev kawm qhov twg koj cov cim yug, moles, thiab lwm yam cim thiab lawv qhov zoo li ib txwm muaj.

Tshawb xyuas txhua yam tshiab:

* Tshiab mole (uas zoo li txawv ntawm koj lwm moles)

* Tshiab liab los yog ib tsos tsaus tsawv xim ua rau thaj uas tej zaum yuav tsa me ntsis

* Tshiab nqaij tawv-xim ruaj khov

* Hloov qhov loj me, zoo li, xim, lossis kev xav ntawm mole

* Mob uas tsis kho

Txheeb koj tus kheej ntawm lub taub hau mus rau ntiv taw. Tsis txhob hnov ​​qab tshuaj xyuas koj lub nraub qaum, tawv taub hau, qhov chaw mos, thiab nruab nrab ntawm koj lub pob tw.

* Saib ntawm koj lub ntsej muag, caj dab, pob ntseg, thiab tawv taub hau. Tej zaum koj yuav xav siv lub zuag lossis lub tshuab ziab plaub hau kom txav koj cov plaub hau kom koj pom tau zoo dua. Koj kuj tseem xav kom muaj txheeb ze lossis phooj ywg txheeb xyuas koj cov plaub hau. Tej zaum nws yuav nyuaj los xyuas koj cov tawv taub hau ntawm koj tus kheej.

* Saib pem hauv ntej thiab nraub qaum ntawm koj lub cev hauv daim iav. Tom qab ntawd, tsa koj txhais tes thiab saib koj sab laug thiab sab xis.

* Khoov koj lub luj tshib. Ua tib zoo saib ntawm koj cov ntiv tes, xib teg, forearms (nrog rau hauv qab), thiab sab caj npab.

* Tshawb xyuas lub nraub qaum, pem hauv ntej, thiab ob sab ntawm koj ob txhais ceg. Kuj saib ib ncig ntawm koj qhov chaw mos thiab nruab nrab ntawm koj lub pob tw.

* Zaum thiab txheeb ze koj txhais taw, suav nrog koj cov ntiv taw, koj txhais taw, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm koj cov ntiv taw.

Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas koj cov tawv nqaij tas li, koj yuav kawm paub dab tsi yog qhov zoo rau koj. Tej zaum nws yuav pab tau rau sau cov hnub ntawm koj daim tawv nqaij kuaj thiab sau ntawv txog koj cov tawv nqaij zoo li cas. Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob tau thaij duab ntawm koj daim tawv nqaij, koj tuaj yeem sib piv koj cov tawv nqaij rau cov duab los pab kuaj xyuas cov kev hloov pauv. Yog tias koj pom muaj dab tsi txawv txav, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob.

Kev tiv thaiv

Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav yog tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm tshav ntuj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tiv thaiv menyuam yaus thaum ntxov. Cov kws kho mob qhia tias tib neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog txwv lawv lub sijhawm hauv lub hnub thiab zam lwm qhov chaw ntawm hluav taws xob UV:

• Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom nyob twj ywm tawm ntawm nruab nrab hnub (txij thaum ib nrab sawv ntxov mus rau yav tav su) thaum twg los tau. UV rays muaj zog tshaj ntawm 10 teev sawv ntxov txog 4 teev tsaus ntuj. Koj kuj yuav tsum tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm UV hluav taws xob cuam tshuam los ntawm cov xuab zeb, dej, daus, thiab dej khov. UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm lub teeb khaub ncaws, lub qhov rooj, qhov rais, thiab huab.

• Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub txhua hnub. Kwv yees li 80 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov neeg nruab nrab lub hnub raug tshav ntuj yog qhov xwm txheej. Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yuav pab tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub (tiv thaiv UVB thiab UVA duab tshav) nrog tiv thaiv tshav ntuj (SPF) yam tsawg kawg 15. Nco ntsoov, ib yam uas koj tseem raug rau kab mob UV rau hnub pos huab: Txawm tias ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj, hnub los nag, 20 txog 30 feem pua ​​ntawm UV hluav taws xob nkag mus rau huab. Nyob rau hnub uas pos huab, 60 txog 70 feem pua ​​tau hla dhau, thiab yog tias nws tsuas tsaus ntuj, yuav luag tag nrho cov duab hluav taws xob UV yuav ncav cuag koj.

• Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub kom raug. Ua ntej kom paub tseeb tias koj siv txaus - ib ooj (ib khob txhaj tshuaj puv) rau koj lub cev tag nrho. Tuav nws ntawm 30 feeb ua ntej koj tsoo lub hnub. Tsis txhob hnov ​​qab npog thaj chaw uas tib neeg feem ntau nco: daim di ncauj, txhais tes, pob ntseg, thiab qhov ntswg. Rov ua dua txhua ob teev-rau ib hnub ntawm lub puam koj yuav tsum siv ib nrab lub raj mis 8-ounce rau ntawm koj tus kheej-tab sis phuam tawm ua ntej; dej dilutes SPF.

• Hnav lub tes tsho ntev thiab ris ntev ntawm cov ntaub qhwv nruj thiab xim tsaus. Piv txwv li, T-shirt paj rwb tsaus nti, muaj UPF ntawm 10, thaum ib tus neeg dawb nyob rau qib 7. Nco ntsoov tias yog khaub ncaws ntub, tiv thaiv poob ib nrab. Xaiv lub kaus mom uas muaj qhov dav dav - ib qho uas muaj tsawg kawg yog 2 mus rau 3 ntiv tes nyob ib puag ncig - thiab looj tsom iav dub uas nqus UV. Koj kuj tseem xav sim ua khaub ncaws UPF. Nws tau kho nrog txheej tshwj xeeb los pab nqus ob qho UVA thiab UVB. Raws li nrog SPF, siab dua UPF (nws txawv ntawm 15 txog 50+), nws tiv thaiv ntau dua.

• Xaiv ib nkawm looj tsom iav dub uas tau sau meej meej los thaiv yam tsawg kawg 99 feem pua ​​ntawm UV rays; tsis yog txhua tus ua. Cov lo ntsiab muag dav dav yuav zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv cov tawv nqaij ntawm koj ob lub qhov muag, tsis txhob hais txog koj lub qhov muag lawv tus kheej (UV raug rau cov kab mob cataracts thiab tsis pom kev tom qab hauv lub neej).

• Nyob kom deb ntawm lub hnub ci thiab lub qhov rooj ziab khaub ncaws.

• Tawm mus. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Rutgers University tau qhia tias cov nas nquag tsim cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav tsawg dua li cov neeg nyob tsis muaj zog, thiab cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias tib yam siv rau tib neeg. Kev qoj ib ce ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tejzaum nws pab lub cev tiv thaiv nws tus kheej zoo dua tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav.

Hloov kho ib feem los ntawm National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.gov)

Tshuaj xyuas rau