Mastectomy: nws yog dab tsi, thaum nws qhia thiab hom tseem ceeb

Zoo Siab

• Thaum phais mob qhia
• Hom tseem ceeb ntawm kev phais mob
• 1. cov mastectomy ib nrab
• 2. Tag nrho los yog yooj yim mastectomy
• 3. Kev ntsuas qhov radical
• 4. Tiv thaiv cov mastectomy
• 5. Lwm hom mastectomy
• Lub sijhawm postoperative zoo li cas
• Ua li cas thiab thaum twg lub mis rov ua dua tshiab

Mastectomy yog kev phais mob rau kev tshem tawm ib lossis ob lub mis, uas, feem ntau, tau qhia rau cov neeg kuaj mob qog noj ntshav, thiab tuaj yeem yog ib feem, thaum tsuas yog qee qhov ntawm daim ntaub raug tshem tawm, tag nrho, thaum lub mis nws tshem tawm tag nrho los yog txawm tias radical thaum, ntxiv rau lub mis, cov leeg thiab cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ze uas tau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov qog tau raug tshem tawm.

Tsis tas li ntawd, mastectomy tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv, txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov poj niam muaj mob cancer mis, lossis nws tuaj yeem muaj lub hom phiaj zoo nkauj, nyob rau hauv kev phais mob nrog lub tswv yim masculinizing, piv txwv.

Thaum phais mob qhia

Mastectomy tuaj yeem ua tau thaum:

• Cov poj niam muaj qhov muaj pheej hmoo tias yuav mob khees xaws mis (tiv thaiv mastectomy);
• Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm kev kho hluav taws xob thiab tshuaj kho mob qog nqaij hlav cancer mis;
• Ib tug tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus mob cancer mis ntawm lwm lub mis, thaum tus pojniam twb muaj mob cancer rau hauv ib lub mis lawm;
• Poj niam nthuav qhia nqaij tawv hauv situ, lossis nyob rau, tau pom ntxov los tiv thaiv kev mob tshwm sim;
• Muaj lub siab xav ua kom tshem tawm ob lub mis, xws li ua kom zoo li mastectomy.

Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus poj niam tawm tswv yim txog tus kws kho mob poj niam ib xyoos ib zaug rau kev ntsuam xyuas kev tiv thaiv, lossis thaum twg cov tsos mob tshwm sim uas tuaj yeem qhia tias muaj cov qog mis, xws li muaj pob, liab lossis muaj qhov zais zais hauv ob lub mis. Kawm kom paub txog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus mob cancer mis.

Hom tseem ceeb ntawm kev phais mob

Rau txhua lub hom phiaj uas xav kom ua tiav nrog kev tshem tawm lub mis, ib hom kev phais tuaj yeem ua, uas yog xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob mastologist lossis yas phais, raws li txhua kis. Cov hom tseem ceeb yog:

1. cov mastectomy ib nrab

Kuj hu ua quadrantectomy lossis sectorectomy, nws yog kev phais kom tshem tawm pob tw los yog benign hlav, nrog rau ib feem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib puag ncig, tsis tas yuav tshem tawm tag nrho lub mis.

Hauv qhov kev phais no, qee cov qog ntshav nyob ze ntawm lub mis yuav lossis tshem tawm, kom tsis txhob muaj qhov phom sij ntawm lub taub hau rov qab los.

2. Tag nrho los yog yooj yim mastectomy

Hauv tag nrho cov mastectomy, cov qog mammary raug tshem tawm kom meej, ntxiv rau cov tawv nqaij, areola thiab lub txiv mis. Nws zoo tshaj plaws rau kis thaum lub qog me, pom ntxov thiab thaj chaw zoo, tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kis mus rau thaj tsam ib puag ncig.

Hauv qhov no, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm lossis tsis tau ua paug tawm hauv thaj chaw thaj, txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qog yuav rov qab los lossis kis tawm.

3. Kev ntsuas qhov radical

Hauv cov radical mastectomy, ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm ntawm tag nrho lub mis, cov leeg nyob hauv nws thiab cov ganglia hauv thaj av uas raug tso tawm tseem raug tshem tawm, tau qhia rau qee kis mob cancer nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib kis.

Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev phais no, hu ua Patey hloov kho radical mastectomy, uas qhov loj pectoral leeg tau tuav, lossis Madden hloov kho radical mastectomy, thaum ob leeg loj thiab me pectoral leeg tau khaws cia.

4. Tiv thaiv cov mastectomy

Kev tiv thaiv cov mastectomy yog ua los tiv thaiv kev mob qog noj ntshav, thiab tsuas yog qhia rau cov poj niam muaj qhov muaj feem ua rau mob hnyav, xws li cov neeg uas muaj keeb kwm tseem ceeb hauv tsev neeg lossis muaj kev hloov caj ces uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob cancer, hu ua BRCA1 thiab BRCA2 Cov. Paub thaum twg uas yuav tau ua qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam kuaj tus mob qog mis.

Qhov kev phais no ua tau zoo ib yam rau tag nrho lossis radical mastectomies, raug tshem tawm ntawm lub mis, ib puag ncig ganglia ze thiab, qee qhov, cov leeg puag ncig. Feem ntau, kev phais ob sab sib luag, vim tias hauv cov xwm txheej no, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog nqaij hlav zoo ib yam hauv ob lub mis.

5. Lwm hom mastectomy

Tus txiv neej los yog masculinizing mastectomy yog ib hom ntawm cov yas phais ua nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm muab txiv neej zoo li rau poj niam lub hauv siab. Yog li, hauv qhov kev phais no, lub mis raug muab tshem tawm, uas tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov qauv sib txawv, txiav txim siab los ntawm tus kws phais yas, nyob ntawm seb qhov loj thiab hom ntawm txhua tus pojniam lub mis.

Kev kuaj mob hauv tsev kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua tau yog tias muaj mob cancer mis hauv cov txiv neej, uas tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, thiab kev phais mob zoo ib yam li cov poj niam, txawm hais tias txiv neej muaj qog ntau.

Tseem muaj kev phais mob hauv lub mis uas paub tias yog mismoplasty, uas tuaj yeem siv los txo qis, nce lossis txhim kho kom pom ntawm lub mis. Nug seb kev xaiv phais mis ua niam mis yog dab tsi.

Lub sijhawm postoperative zoo li cas

Kev phais me nyuam phais yog kev phais mob ntev ntev li 60 mus rau 90 feeb, ua pob txha caj qaum los yog ua kom loog xwb.

Kev rov qab los tom qab cov txheej txheem tau nrawm dua, thiab nws yuav siv sijhawm 1 mus rau 2 hnub nyob ntawm tsev kho mob, nyob ntawm kev phais thiab seb nws yog ob sab lossis ib leeg.

Cov dej ntws tuaj yeem tso rau sab laug, yog li ntawd cov kev ua kom tso tawm nyob rau hauv thawj hnub tom qab cov txheej txheem tshem tawm, uas yuav tsum tau muab txuas nrog thiab muab tso zoo zoo rau cov khaub ncaws kom nws thiaj li tsis yog yuam kev rub. Cov hnoos qeev no yuav tsum tau nchuav tawm 2 zaug hauv ib hnub, nrog daim ntawv ceeb toom ntawm cov lim dej tau qhia rau tus kws kho mob thaum rov tuaj ntsib.

Ib qho ntxiv, qee qhov kev pom zoo uas yuav tsum tau ua raws hauv lub sijhawm sijhawm tom qab yog:

• Noj analgesic lossis anti-inflammatory tshuaj, sau los ntawm tus kws kho mob, thaum mob;
• Mus rau kev rov qab mus ntsib, feem ntau teem sijhawm 7 mus rau 10 hnub tom qab ua cov txheej txheem;
• Tsis txhob noj lub cev nyhav, tsav tsheb lossis tawm dag zog lub sijhawm no lossis kom txog thaum kho mob;
• Hu rau kws kho mob yog tias kub taub hau, mob hnyav, liab lossis o ntawm thaj chaw phais lossis sab caj npab ntawm sab ua haujlwm;

Hauv kev phais mob nrog tshem tawm cov qog ntshav, kev ncig ntawm caj npab coj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, thiab nws tau hnov ​​dua, ua qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv nws zoo ntawm kev raug mob, kub hnyiab thiab kom tsis txhob siv zog ntau dhau.

Tom qab cov txheej txheem, nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb tias kev kho mob txuas ntxiv nrog kev kho mob hauv lub cev, uas yuav pab txhawm rau txhim kho qhov txav ntawm caj npab, ncig thiab txo qis kev sib cog lus los ntawm kev kho kom zoo. Saib cov lus qhia ntxiv tom qab tshem tawm lub mis.

Ua li cas thiab thaum twg lub mis rov ua dua tshiab

Tom qab ua txhua yam ntawm mastectomy, phais kev tsim kho lub mis yuav tsim nyog los kho lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj hauv ob lub mis. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau tam sim tom qab cov txheej txheem lossis hauv theem, nrog kev kho me ntsis ntawm thaj av, tab sis, feem ntau ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav, nws yuav tsum tau tos qee lub sijhawm rau kev kho kom tiav lossis tom qab kev kuaj mob kom paub meej tias ua tiav kev tshem tawm cov malignant hlwb Cov.

Saib ntxiv txog kev ua kom rov ua kom mis li cas.