Kev Hypokalemia

Zoo Siab

• Txheej txheem cej luam
• Cov tsos mob hypokalemia zoo li cas?
• Dab tsi ua rau hypokalemia?
• Cov kev pheej hmoo txaus ntshai rau hypokalemia yog dab tsi?
• Yuav kuaj li cas thiaj paub tau tus mob hypokalemia?
• Yuav kho tus mob hypokalemia li cas?
• Qhov tshwm sim rau kev hypokalemia yog dab tsi?
• Yuav tiv thaiv hypokalemia li cas?
• Cov khoom noj muaj protein ntau
• A:

Peb suav nrog cov khoom uas peb xav tias tseem ceeb rau peb cov nyeem. Yog tias koj yuav los ntawm cov txuas hauv nplooj ntawv no, peb yuav khwv tau nyiaj me me. Ntawm no yog peb cov txheej txheem.

Txheej txheem cej luam

Mob Hypokalemiaar yog thaum ntshav cov poov tshuaj ntshav qis heev. Cov tshuaj calcium yog qhov tseem ceeb electrolyte rau cov hlab ntaws thiab cov leeg ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov leeg mob hauv lub plawv. Koj lub raum tswj koj lub cev cov poov tshuaj ntau ntau, cia cov poov tshuaj ntau kom tawm hauv lub cev mus dhau ntawm cov zis thiab hws.

Hypokalemiasem tseem tseem hu ua:

• Kev mob hypokalemic
• cov poov tshuaj poov xab mentsis
• Cov tsos mob hypopotassemia

Me me hypokalemia tsis ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov poov tshuaj qes tsawg yuav ua rau lub plawv khiav tsis zoo, lossis lub plawv tsis zoo, nrog rau cov leeg ua kom tsis muaj zog. Tab sis cov tsos mob no feem ntau thim rov qab tom qab kho tas. Kawm paub nws txhais li cas nws thiaj muaj hypokalemia thiab yuav kho cov mob no li cas.

Cov tsos mob hypokalemia zoo li cas?

Me me hypokalemia feem ntau pom tias tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi. Qhov tseeb, cov tsos mob feem ntau tsis pom txog thaum koj cov poov tshuaj qib qis heev. Qib theem ntawm cov poov tshuaj yog 3.6-5.2 millimoles ib liter (mmol / L).

Caw paub txog cov tsos mob hypokalemia tuaj yeem pab. Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj tab tom muaj cov tsos mob no:

• tsis muaj zog
• nkees
• cem quav
• mob leeg
• palpitations

Qeb hauv qab 3.6 tau txiav txim siab qis, thiab txhua yam qis dua 2.5 mmol / L yog qhov muaj feem phom sij txaus ntshai txoj sia, raws li Mayo Clinic. Hauv cov theem no, tej zaum yuav muaj cov cim thiab cov tsos mob ntawm:

• tuag tes tuag taw
• ua pa tsis ua hauj lwm
• tawg ntawm cov leeg
• ileus (lub plhaw xoos)

Nyob rau hauv cov mob hnyav dua, cov suab nrov tsis meej. Qhov no feem ntau rau cov neeg uas siv cov tshuaj digitalis (digoxin) lossis mob lub plawv tsis xwm yeem xws li:

• fibrillation, atrial lossis ventricular
• tachycardia (lub plawv dhia ceev heev)
• bradycardia (lub plawv dhia qeeb heev)
• lub plawv dhia ua ntej

Lwm cov tsos mob muaj xws li poob qab los noj mov, xeev siab thiab ntuav.

Dab tsi ua rau hypokalemia?

Koj tuaj yeem poob cov poov tshuaj ntau dhau los ntawm kev tso zis, hws lossis tso quav. Kev noj haus tsis txaus cov poov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj magnesium tsawg yuav ua rau hypokalemia. Feem ntau lub sijhawm hypokalemia yog tsos mob lossis phiv ntawm lwm yam mob thiab tshuaj siv.

Cov no suav nrog:

• Bartter mob, muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg lub raum tsis txaus uas ua rau ntsev thiab potassium tsis txaus
• Gitelman syndrome, muaj tsawg lub raum mob tsis txaus uas ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus ntawm ions hauv lub cev
• Mob ntsws Liddle, qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim uas ua rau nce ntshav siab thiab hypokalemia
• Cushing syndrome, ib yam mob uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim vim yog raug ntev mus ntev los ntawm cortisol
• noj tshuaj zoo li bentonite (av nplaum) lossis glycyrrhizin (hauv ntuj tso cai thiab zom luam yeeb)
• muaj pluaj plas-plav diuretics, xws li Thiazides, lub voj voos, thiab osmotic diuretics
• lub sij hawm ntev siv laxatives
• siab ntawm penicillin koob tshuaj
• mob plab ketoacidosis
• dilution vim yog IV kua tswj hwm
• magnesium tsis muaj zog
• adrenal caj pas muaj teeb meem
• khoom noj khoom haus tsis muaj zog
• kev nqus tsis tau zoo
• hyperthyroidism
• qeeb qeeb qeeb
• hlaus tubular acidosis hom I thiab 2
• catecholamine surge, xws li mob plawv nres
• cov tshuaj xws li insulin thiab beta 2 agonists siv rau COPD thiab hawb pob
• tshuaj lom barium
• lub cev hypokalemia

Cov kev pheej hmoo txaus ntshai rau hypokalemia yog dab tsi?

Koj cov teeb meem yuav ua rau muaj ntshav nce siab ntau yog tias koj:

• noj tshuaj, tshwj xeeb yog cov tshuaj diuretics paub tias yuav ua rau kom muaj cov tshuaj potassium ploj
• muaj mob ntev heev uas ua rau ntuav lossis raws plab
• muaj mob ib yam li cov hais saum no

Cov tib neeg muaj lub siab kuj muaj qhov pheej hmoo siab dua rau qhov teeb meem. Txawm tias mob hypokalemia me me tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv tsis zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tswj tau cov poov tshuaj ntau ntawm ib ncig 4 mmol / L yog tias koj muaj mob xws li mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, plawv nres, lossis keeb kwm ntawm lub plawv nres.

Yuav kuaj li cas thiaj paub tau tus mob hypokalemia?

Koj tus kws kho mob feem ntau yuav tshawb pom yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo lossis muaj ntshav qab zib thaum lub caij kuaj ntshav thiab tso zis tsis tu ncua. Cov kev kuaj no tshawb xyuas cov ntxhia cov vitamins thiab ntshav hauv ntshav, suav nrog cov poov tshuaj ntau ntau.

Yuav kho tus mob hypokalemia li cas?

Qee tus neeg muaj tus mob hypokalemia thiab pom tias cov tsos mob yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Lawv tseem yuav kom kuaj xyuas lub plawv kom paub tseeb tias lawv lub plawv tsis zoo li qub.

Kev kho cov tshuaj poov tshuaj ntau ntau hauv tsev kho mob yuav tsum muaj ntau qhov kev qhia kom rov qab:

1. Tshem tawm cov hauv paus hauv qab: Tom qab txheeb xyuas qhov pib, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tshaj tawm txoj kev kho mob uas tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau ntawv noj tshuaj kom txo tau qhov raws plab lossis ntuav lossis hloov koj cov tshuaj noj.

2. Rov ua kom cov poov tshuaj ntau ntxiv: Koj tuaj yeem nqa tshuaj poov tshuaj kom rov qab cov poov tshuaj tsawg. Tab sis kev txhim kho cov poov tshuaj ntau ntau yuav dhau mus sai sai tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv tsis zoo xws li lub plawv tsis xis nyob. Yog tias muaj qhov phom sij txaus ntshai, koj yuav tsum tau nqus dej rau cov tshuaj (calcium) kom muaj cov poov tshuaj noj kom tsawg.

3. Saib xyuas qib thaum nyob pw hauv tsev kho mob: Hauv tsev kho mob, kws kho mob lossis kws saib xyuas neeg mob yuav kuaj xyuas koj qib kom paub tseeb tias cov poov tshuaj tsis rov qab los thiab ua rau cov ntshav tsis tuaj yeem hloov. Muaj cov poov tshuaj ntau ntau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hnyav.

Tom qab koj tawm hauv lub tsev kho mob mus lawm, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom noj cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau. Yog tias koj xav noj cov tshuaj potassium, coj lawv nrog dej ntau thiab nrog, lossis tom qab, koj cov zaub mov noj. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj ntxiv rau magnesium vim cov tshuaj magnesium poob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog cov poov tshuaj tsis tau.

Qhov tshwm sim rau kev hypokalemia yog dab tsi?

Mob Hypokalemia muaj peev xwm kho tau. Txoj kev kho feem ntau yog kho qhov mob hauv qab. Cov neeg feem coob kawm tswj hwm lawv cov poov tshuaj ntau ntxiv los ntawm kev noj haus lossis tshuaj ntxiv.

Teem lub caij mus ntsib kws kho mob yog tias koj pom tias pom muaj tus mob hypokalemia. Ntxov ntxov thiab kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv tus mob los ntawm kev tuag tes tuag taw, ua tsis taus pa, lossis mob plawv.

Yuav tiv thaiv hypokalemia li cas?

Kwv yees li 20 feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tsev kho mob yuav muaj tus mob hypokalemia, hos tsuas yog 1 feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg laus tsis nyob hauv tsev kho mob muaj hypokalemia. Tus kws kho mob lossis kws saib xyuas neeg mob yuav saib xyuas koj thaum nyob hauv tsev kom tiv thaiv hypokalemia los ntawm kev tshwm sim.

Nrhiav kev kho mob yog tias koj ntuav ntuav los yog raws plab mus ntev dua 24–48 teev. Tiv thaiv qhov mob ntev ntev ntawm kev muaj mob thiab poob dej yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tswj tau hypokalemia los ntawm kev tshwm sim.

Cov khoom noj muaj protein ntau

Noj zaub mov uas muaj ntau nyob rau hauv potassium yuav pab tiv thaiv thiab kho cov ntshav poov tshuaj tsawg. Sib tham txog koj kev noj haus nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Koj yuav tau zam kom tsis txhob noj cov poov tshuaj ntau dhau, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj potassium. Cov chaw zoo ntawm cov poov tshuaj muaj xws li:

• avxov
• tsawb
• figs
• kiwi
• txiv kab ntxwv
• zaub ntsuab
• txiv lws suav
• mis nyuj
• peas thiab taum
• txiv laum huab xeeb
• ceg

Thaum cov pluas noj zaub mov kom tsis qab cov poov tshuaj tsawg yog qhov ua rau hypokalemia, cov poov tshuaj tseem ceeb rau lub cev noj qab nyob zoo. Tshwj tsis yog koj tus kws kho mob qhia rau koj lwm yam, kev noj zaub mov ntau nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau yog txoj kev xaiv zoo.

A:

Cov tshuaj noj muaj poov tshuaj muaj ntau dua cov tshuaj ntau dua li cov tshuaj yuav tom khw. Qhov no yog vim li cas lawv txwv rau xa los ntawm cov tshuaj nkaus xwb. Lawv yuav tsum noj nkaus xwb uas koj tus kws kho mob sau tseg. Kev tswj hwm tsis tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua rau hyperkalemia, uas txaus ntshai li hypokalemia. Koj yuav tsum tau siv kev ceev faj thiab sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev noj tshuaj OTC cov tshuaj potassium yog tias koj muaj lub raum mob raum lossis koj nyob ntawm ACE inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), lossis spironolactone. Hyperkalemia tuaj yeem tsim kho sai sai nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no yog tias koj tab tom noj txhua yam ntawm potassium ntxiv.