COPD Tshuaj: Ib Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Tshuaj Kho Mob los Pab Kho Koj Cov tsos mob

Zoo Siab

• Ua yeeb yam bronchodilators luv luv
• Corticosteroids
• Methylxanthines
• Kev ua yeeb yaj kiab ntev ntev
• Cov tshuaj sib xyaw
• Roflumilast
• Mucoactive tshuaj
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
• Tshuaj tua kab mob
• Cov tshuaj kho mob cancer rau COPD
• Cov tshuaj lom neeg
• Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob

Kab Mob Hlwb Mob Hlwb Hlob (COPD) yog ib pab kev mob ntsws uas ua rau nws ua pa nyuaj. COPD tuaj yeem suav nrog mob emphysema thiab mob ntsws ntev.

Yog tias koj mob COPD, koj yuav muaj cov tsos mob xws li ua pa nyuaj, hnoos, hawb pob, thiab nruj hauv siab. COPD feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb, tab sis qee kis nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nqus pa ntawm co toxins los ntawm cov ib puag ncig.

Tsis muaj kev kho rau COPD, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntsws thiab lub ntsws ua haujlwm tas mus li. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov tshuaj tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev mob thiab qhib koj txoj hlab pa kom pab koj ua pa yooj yim dua nrog COPD.

Ua yeeb yam bronchodilators luv luv

Bronchodilators pab qhib koj txoj hlab pa kom ua pa yooj yim. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab tshuaj rau cov tshuaj bronchodilators tso rau thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev lossis pab kom sai raws li xav tau. Koj coj lawv siv lub tshuaj txau lossis lub tshuab pa tshuaj tua hluav taws.

Piv txwv ntawm cov pa roj ua kua qaub luv nrog:

• albuterol (Proair HFA, Ventolin HFA)
• levalbuterol (Xopenex)
• ipratropium (Atrovent HFA)
• albuterol / ipratropium (Muab Tshuaj Pleev Ua Ke)

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntsej muag luv luv tuaj yeem ua rau phiv xws li lub qhov ncauj qhuav, mob taub hau, thiab hnoos. Cov teebmeem no yuav tsum mus kom dhau sijhawm. Lwm qhov kev phiv hais suav nrog tshee (tshee), tshee, thiab lub plawv dhia ceev.

Yog tias koj muaj lub siab mob siab, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej noj tshuaj bronchodilator luv luv.

Corticosteroids

Nrog COPD, koj txoj hlab pa tuaj yeem hnoos, ua rau lawv o tuaj thiab o. Kev o ua rau nws ua pa nyuaj. Corticosteroids yog ib hom tshuaj uas txo kev ua haujlwm hauv lub cev, ua rau cov cua ntws mus tau yooj yim dua hauv lub ntsws.

Muaj ntau hom corticosteroids muaj. Qee qhov yog nqus tsis tau thiab yuav tsum tau siv txhua hnub raws li qhia. Lawv feem ntau tau muab coj los ua ke nrog kev siv tshuaj COPD ntev ntev.

Lwm yam tshuaj corticosteroids yog txhaj lossis noj ntawm qhov ncauj. Cov foos no yog siv nyob rau lub sij hawm luv luv thaum koj COPD dheev cia li mob heev ntxiv.

Cov kws kho mob corticosteroids feem ntau muab tshuaj rau COPD yog:

• Fluticasone (Flovent). Qhov no los ua cov tshuaj nqus pa uas koj siv ob zaug ib hnub. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem suav kev mob taub hau, mob caj pas, hloov lub suab, xeev siab, zoo li tus mob khaub thuas, thiab tawm pob.
• Budesonide (Pulmicort). Qhov no los ua ib lub tshuab nqus pa lossis siv rau hauv lub khob pa. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem suav cov khaub thuas thiab mob ib ce.
• Prednisolone. Qhov no los ua ntsiav tshuaj, kua, lossis tshuaj tua. Nws ib txwm muab rau kev kho thaum muaj xwm ceev. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem suav nrog mob taub hau, leeg tsis muaj zog, mob plab, thiab rog rog.

Methylxanthines

Rau qee cov neeg uas mob COPD loj heev, kev kho mob ua ntej, xws li siv cov hnoos qeev thiab corticosteroids, tsis zoo li pab thaum siv lawv tus kheej.

Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, qee cov kws kho mob tau sau ntawv rau cov tshuaj hu ua theophylline nrog rau tshuaj bronchodilator. Theophylline ua haujlwm ua cov tshuaj los tiv thaiv thiab so cov leeg hauv cov hlab pa. Nws los ua ntsiav tshuaj lossis kua uas koj noj txhua hnub.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm theophylline tuaj yeem suav nrog xeev siab lossis ntuav, tshee, mob taub hau, thiab ua tsis tsaug zog.

Kev ua yeeb yaj kiab ntev ntev

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntev ntev yog cov tshuaj uas siv los kho COPD ntev dua lub sijhawm. Lawv ib txwm siv ib zaug lossis ob zaug ib hnub uas siv cov tshuaj txau lossis cov pa taws kub.

Vim tias cov tshuaj no maj mam ua kom pab ua pa yooj yim, lawv tsis ua nrawm li tshuaj cawm. Lawv tsis yog siv los thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

Lub tshuab nqus pa ntev ntev muaj nyob hauv hnub no yog:

• aclidinium (Tudorza)
• arformoterol (Brovana)
• cov tshuaj (Foradil, Perforomist)
• glycopyrrolate (Seebri Neohaler, Lonhala Magnair)
• indacaterol (Arcapta)
• olodaterol (Striverdi Respimat)
• revefenacin (Yupelri)
• salmeterol (Serevent)
• Tiotropium (Spiriva)
• umeclidinium (Incruse Ellipta)

Cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntev ntev tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• qhov ncauj qhuav
• kiv taub hau
• tshee
• los ntswg
• khaus los yog khawb caj pas
• mob plab

Cov kev mob tshwm sim loj dua ntxiv xws li pom kev plooj plooj, lub plawv dhia ceev ceev lossis ib txwm pias, thiab kev fab tshuaj ua pob xoo lossis o tuaj.

Cov tshuaj sib xyaw

COPD ntau cov tshuaj tawm los ua cov tshuaj sib txuam. Cov no feem ntau yog kev sib txuas ntawm ob qho kev sib deev ntev ntev los yog kev nqus pa corticosteroid thiab ntev ntev ua rau bronchodilator.

Kev kho peb zaug, kev sib xyaw ntawm kev nqus cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corticosteroid thiab ob txoj kev ua pa ntev ntev, tuaj yeem siv rau COPD hnyav thiab txhaws.

Kev sib txuas ntawm ob lub ntsej muag ntev ntev ua nrog bronchodilators muaj xws li:

• aclidinium / formoterol (Dua)
• glycopyrrolate / formoterol (Bevespi Aerosphere)
• glycopyrrolate / indacaterol (Utibron Neohaler)
• tiotropium / olodaterol (Stiolto Respimat)
• umeclidinium / vilanterol (Anoro Ellipta)

Kev sib xyaw ntawm kev nqus pa corticosteroid thiab lub siab ua pa ntev ntev muaj xws li:

• budesonide / formoterol (Symbicort)
• fluticasone / salmeterol (Advair)
• fluticasone / vilanterol (Breo Ellipta)

Kev sib xyaw ntawm kev nqus pa corticosteroid thiab ob txoj kev ua pa ntev ntev, hu ua triple therapy, suav nrog fluticasone / vilanterol / umeclidinium (Trelegy Ellipta).

Ib qho pom tias peb zaug kev kho mob txo qis ib leeg thiab ua kom lub ntsws ua haujlwm rau cov neeg uas muaj COPD.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem qhia tau tias kev mob ntsws yog qhov yuav tshwm sim nrog kev kho mob triple dua li ntawm kev muab tshuaj nrog ob hom tshuaj.

Roflumilast

Roflumilast (Daliresp) yog ib hom tshuaj hu ua phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor. Nws los ua ib ntsiav tshuaj koj noj ib hnub ib zaug.

Roflumilast pab txo kev mob, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov cua mus rau koj lub ntsws. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav tshaj tawm cov tshuaj no nrog rau kev ua pa ntev ntev nrog tshuaj hnoos qeev.

Kev phiv ntawm roflumilast tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• poob phaus
• zawv plab
• mob taub hau
• xeev siab
• cramps
• tshee
• insomnia

Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob paub yog tias koj muaj teeb meem mob siab lossis mob siab ua ntej noj cov tshuaj no.

Mucoactive tshuaj

COPD flare-ups tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj ntau qhov hnoos qeev hauv lub ntsws. Cov tshuaj Mucoactive pab txo cov hnoos qeev lossis yuag nws kom koj thiaj li yooj yim hnoos nws. Lawv feem ntau tuaj hauv cov ntawv hauv ncoo, thiab suav nrog:

• carbocysteine
• erdosteine
• N-acetylcysteine

Ib qho lus qhia hais tias cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev mob nkeeg thiab kev xiam oob qhab los ntawm COPD. Kev tshawb fawb 2017 kuj pom tias erdosteine ​​txo qis tus naj npawb thiab qhov mob ntawm COPD flare-ups.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• xeev siab
• ntuav
• mob plab

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg muaj tus mob COPD txhawm rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv khaub thuas txhua xyoo. Koj tus kws khomob yuav hais kom koj mus txhaj cov tshuaj tivthaiv pneumococcal thiab.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no txo ​​qis koj muaj feem yuav muaj mob thiab tuaj yeem pab koj kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob thiab lwm yam teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog COPD.

Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas xyoo 2018 pom tias tshuaj tiv thaiv khaub thuas kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo COPD flare-ups, tab sis sau tseg tias tsis muaj kev tshawb nrhiav tam sim no.

Tshuaj tua kab mob

Cov kev kho mob ib txwm muaj nrog tshuaj tua kab mob xws li azithromycin thiab erythromycin yuav pab tswj COPD.

Kev tshawb xyuas xyoo 2018 tau hais tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo ib yam li txo COPD flare. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev tshawb fawb tau sau tseg tias rov qab siv tshuaj tua kab mob dua tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob tiv thaiv. Nws kuj pom tias azithromycin tau cuam tshuam nrog kev hnov ​​lus raws li kev phiv.

Yuav tsum muaj kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los txiav txim rau lub sij hawm ntev cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tu ncua.

Cov tshuaj kho mob cancer rau COPD

Muaj qee yam tshuaj tua kabmob kheesxaws tuaj yeem txo qhov mob thiab txo kev puas tsuaj los ntawm COPD.

Kev tshawb nrhiav 2019 pom tias cov tshuaj tyrphostin AG825 txo qis kev sib kis hauv zebrafish. Cov tshuaj kuj ua rau nce tus nqi ntawm kev tuag ntawm neutrophils, uas yog cov cell uas txhawb kev o, hauv cov nas uas muaj lub ntsws muaj ntsws zoo ib yam li COPD.

Kev tshawb nrhiav tseem tseem siv tyrphostin AG825 thiab cov tshuaj zoo sib xws rau COPD thiab lwm yam kev mob. Nws thiaj li, tej zaum lawv yuav dhau los ua kev kho mob rau COPD.

Cov tshuaj lom neeg

Hauv qee leej neeg, mob los ntawm COPD yuav yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm eosinophilia, lossis muaj cov qe ntshav dawb ntau dua li ib txwm hu ua eosinophils.

Ib qho qhia tau tias cov tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem kho tau daim ntawv COPD no. Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg yog tsim los ntawm cov nyob ua ke. Ob peb cov tshuaj no yog siv rau kev mob ntsws asthma ua mob los ntawm eosinophilia, suav nrog:

• mepolizumab (Nucala)
• benralizumab (Fasenra)
• reslizumab (Cinqair)

Tseem muaj kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los kho COPD nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg.

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob

Ntau hom tshuaj sib txawv kho ntau yam sib txawv thiab cov tsos mob ntawm COPD. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv tshuaj uas yuav kho koj qhov mob zoo tshaj plaws.

Cov lus nug uas koj tuaj yeem nug koj tus kws kho mob txog koj txoj kev npaj khomob suav nrog:

• Kuv yuav tsum siv COPD kev kho mob ntau npaum li cas?
• Puas yog kuv noj lwm yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kuv cov tshuaj COPD?
• Kuv yuav tau noj tshuaj COPD ntev npaum li cas?
• Qhov twg yog txoj hauv kev siv kuv lub tshuaj txau?
• Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim yog tias kuv cia li tsum kiag li haus kuv cov tshuaj COPD?
• Dhau li ntawm kev noj tshuaj, Kuv yuav tsum hloov pauv dab tsi kom thiaj ua rau kuv muaj mob COPD?
• Kuv yuav ua li cas yog tias mob hnyav zuj zus ntxiv?
• Kuv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov mob tshwm sim li cas?

Yam tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob sau tseg, nco ntsoov noj nws raws li koj tus kws kho mob tau qhia. Yog tias koj muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim loj heev, xws li kev ua xua nrog tawm pob xoo lossis o, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Yog koj muaj kev nyuaj ua pa lossis tawm ntawm lub qhov ncauj, nplaig, lossis caj pas, hu 911 lossis koj lub chaw saib xyuas mob xwm txheej kub ntxhov ceev. Vim tias qee yam tshuaj COPD tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj cov hlab plawv, nco ntsoov qhia koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem lossis mob plawv.