Txheeb Xyuas Qhov Ntsuas

Zoo Siab

• Kev ntsuam xyuas hlawv yog dab tsi?
• Dab tsi yog cov muaj ntau hom kev hlawv?
• Yuav ntsuas kev ntsuas qhov cub li cas?
• Dab tsi ntxiv uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev hlawv?
• Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv yuav tsum paub txog kev ntsuam xyuas hlawv?
• Ua tim khawv

Kev ntsuam xyuas hlawv yog dab tsi?

Qhov hlawv yog ib hom kev raug mob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab / lossis lwm yam ntaub so ntswg. Daim tawv yog qhov khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv koj lub cev. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kev raug mob thiab kis kab mob. Nws kuj tseem pab tswj lub cev kub. Thaum tawv nqaij raug mob los yog puas los ntawm kub hnyiab, nws yuav mob heev. Lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm kev kub nyhiab tuaj yeem suav nrog qhov lub cev qhuav dej ntau dhau (ua rau cov dej hauv koj lub cev ntau dhau), ua pa nyuaj, thiab ua mob rau lub neej. Kev kub nyhiab kuj tuaj yeem ua rau tas kev puas tsuaj thiab xiam oob khab.

Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas saib lub qhov tob tob ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj qhov kub dhau mus (qhov kub nyhiab) thiab thaj tsam ntawm lub cev ntau npaum li cas.

Kev kub nyhiab feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm:

• Thaum tshav kub kub, xws li hluav taws lossis dej kub. Cov zoo li no hu ua kev kub hnyiab.
• Cov khoom siv tshuaj, xws li cov kua qaub lossis tshuaj ntxuav. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau kub nyhiab yog tias lawv kov koj cov tawv nqaij lossis qhov muag.
• Hluav Taws Xob. Koj tuaj yeem hlawv thaum lub sijhawm hluav taws xob dhau ntawm koj lub cev.
• Tshav ntuj. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev tshav ntuj yog tias koj siv sijhawm nyob hauv lub hnub ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tsis hnav tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub.
• Kev tawg. Cov hom kub tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qee yam kev kho mob cancer.
• Txhuam. Thaum cov tawv nqaij rubs tawm tsam ib qho chaw ntxhib dhau los, nws tuaj yeem ua tus txhuam (txhuam) lub npe hu ua kev txhuam txhuam. Kev kub ntxhov tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntau hauv kev caij tsheb kauj vab lossis maus taus thaum tawv nqaij txhuam tawm ntawm txoj kev pua txoj hauv kev. Lwm qhov laj thawj suav nrog xaim txoj hlua nrawm thiab nrawm nrawm nrawm.

Lwm lub npe: tshuaj ntsuam

Dab tsi yog cov muaj ntau hom kev hlawv?

Cov hom kub hnyiab yog raws li qhov tob ntawm kev raug mob, paub tias yog qhov degree ntawm hlawv. Muaj peb lub ntsiab.

• Thawj-degree kub hnyiab. Qhov no yog tsawg tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm kev hlawv. Nws tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau txheej sab nrauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, paub tias yog epidermis. Kev kub taub hau thawj zaug yuav ua rau mob thiab liab, tab sis tsis muaj hlwv lossis qhib nqaij. Lub tshav ntuj daim tawv nqaij yog qhov ntau hom ntawm thawj-qib hlawv. Cov roj hlawv thawj feem ntau yuav ploj mus li ntawm ib asthiv lossis li ntawd. Cov kev kho mob hauv tsev yuav suav nrog so ntawm qhov chaw hauv dej txias thiab hnav nws nrog daim ntaub qhwv tsis huv. Cov tshuaj yuav tom khw muag tshuaj kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo cov mob me.
• Thib ob-kub hnyiab, kuj tseem hu ua ib nrab cov roj hlawv. Cov kub hnyiab no yuav mob hnyav dua li feem ntau-ua rau kev kub hnyiab. Qhov kub hnyiab thib ob cuam tshuam rau sab nraud thiab txheej nruab nrab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, hu ua dermis. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau mob, liab thiab ua paug tawm tuaj. Qee qhov kub hnyiab thib ob tuaj yeem kho tau nrog tshuaj pleev thiab cov ntaub qhwv tsis huv. Yuav kub nyhiab ntxiv txog qib ob-qib yuav tsum tau kuaj tus mob ua pob ua pob ua pob. Daim tawv nqaij txhuam pob zeb yog siv cov tawv nqaij los yog ntuj tso los npog thiab tiv thaiv qhov chaw raug mob thaum nws kho. Kev kub hnyiab thib ob tuaj yeem ua pob caws pliav.
• Thib peb-degree hlawv, kuj tseem hu ua kev kub puv ntawm cov tuab. Qhov no nws yog hom hluav taws kub heev. Nws cuam tshuam rau txheej sab nraud, nruab nrab, thiab sab hauv daim tawv. Qhov innermost txheej yog lub npe hu ua cov rog txheej. Thib peb-kub hnyiab feem ntau ua rau cov hauv paus plaub hau, hws caj pas, qhov kawg ntawm cov leeg, thiab lwm cov nqaij hauv daim tawv nqaij. Cov hlawv no tuaj yeem mob hnyav. Tab sis yog tias qhov hnov ​​mob hlwb ntawm cov paj hlwb tau ua puas lawm, yuav muaj me ntsis lossis tsis hnov ​​mob thaum xub thawj. Cov roj kub hnyiab no tuaj yeem ua rau mob caws pliav loj thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tau kho nrog daim tawv nqaij pob txha caj dab.

Ntxiv nrog rau hom kev kawm ntawv, kev kub hnyiab kuj tau muab cais ua hom me, nruab nrab, lossis hnyav. Yuav luag txhua qhov kev kub nyhiab thawj feem ntau thiab qee qhov kub hnyiab thib ob pom tias yog hnub nyoog me. Thaum lawv tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav, lawv tsis tshua muaj teeb meem. Qee qhov kub hnyiab thib ob thiab ua rau kub hnyiab thib peb yog pom tias mob me lossis mob hnyav. Kev hlawv roj ib nrab thiab hnyav ua rau muaj teebmeem loj thiab qee zaum kuj ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv.

Yuav ntsuas kev ntsuas qhov cub li cas?

Cov kev ntsuas kub hnyiab yog siv los tshuaj xyuas cov kev kub nyhiab mus txog rau thaum raug mob hnyav. Thaum ntsuas kev kub hnyiab, koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas kom zoo ntawm lub qhov txhab. Nws tseem yuav txheeb xyuas qhov feem pua ​​ntawm tag nrho lub cev thaj chaw (TBSA) uas tau raug hlawv. Koj tus neeg muab kev pab yuav siv cov qauv uas hu ua "txoj cai ntawm kev cai lij choj" kom tau txais qhov kwv yees. Txoj cai ntawm nines faib lub cev rau hauv tshooj ntawm 9% lossis 18% (2 zaug 9). Cov seem tau muab faib raws li hauv qab no:

• Lub taub hau thiab caj dab: 9% ntawm TBSA
• Ib sab caj npab: 9% TBSA
• Ib txhais ceg: 18% TBSA
• Ua ntej pob tw (ua ntej ntawm lub cev) 18% TBSA
• Lub cev loj dua (rov qab ntawm lub cev) 18% TBSA

Kev cai kwv yees nines tsis siv rau menyuam yaus. Lawv lub cev muaj cov feem sib txawv dua li cov laus. Yog tias koj tus menyuam tau kub hnyiab uas suav txog qhov nruab nrab mus rau qhov chaw loj, koj tus kws khomob yuav siv daim duab, hu ua Lund-Browder chart, los kwv yees. Qhov no muab tau kwv yees tseeb raws li tus menyuam lub hnub nyoog thiab lub cev loj.

Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj kev kub hnyiab uas npog ib qho chaw me, koj tus kws khomob yuav siv kev kwv yees raws qhov loj ntawm xibtes, uas yog kwv yees li 1% ntawm TBSA.

Dab tsi ntxiv uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev hlawv?

Yog tias koj muaj qhov raug mob hnyav, koj kuj tseem xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas xwm txheej ceev uas yog hu ua ABCDE txoj kev ntsuas. Kev ntsuam xyuas ABCDE yog siv los tshawb xyuas cov kab ke lub cev thiab cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lawv feem ntau nyob rau hauv tsheb thauj neeg mob, chav kho mob ceev, thiab tsev kho mob. Lawv raug siv rau ntau hom kev kub ntxhov, nrog rau qhov kub hnyiab. "ABCDE" sawv kev tshawb xyuas hauv qab no:

• Kev dim pa. Tus kws kho mob yuav xyuas seb puas muaj dab tsi thaiv koj hauv koj cov hlab pa.
• Ua tsis taus pa. Tus kws zov me nyuam yuav kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj teeb meem ua pa, xws li hnoos, tawm pob, lossis hawb pob. Tus kws kho mob yuav siv lub stethoscope saib xyuas koj lub suab ua pa.
• Kev ncig. Tus kws kho mob yuav siv cov cuab yeej los kuaj xyuas koj lub plawv thiab ntshav siab. Tej zaum nws yuav ntxig ib txoj hlab nyias me hu ua raj yas mus rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav. Txoj raj yas yog txoj yas uas yog txoj hlab kua uas nqa dej mus rau hauv koj lub cev. Kev kub nyhiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua dej tsis haum.
• Kev tsis taus. Tus kws khomob yuav tshawb xyuas cov cim ntawm lub hlwb puas. Qhov no suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas seb koj yuav teb li cas rau cov lus sib txawv thiab kev txhawb lub cev.
• Nphav. Tus kws kho mob yuav tshem tawm ib qho tshuaj lossis hlawv tawm ntawm cov tawv nqaij los ntawm kev yaug dej rau thaj chaw raug mob nrog dej. Nws lossis tus poj niam yuav qhwv cov cheeb tsam nrog cov tsis muaj zog hnav khaub ncaws. Tus kws kho mob tseem yuav kuaj koj qhov kub thiab txias, thiab muab koj nrog pam thiab dej sov sov nrog koj yog tias tsim nyog.

Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv yuav tsum paub txog kev ntsuam xyuas hlawv?

Kev kub nyhiab thiab hluav taws yog qhov teeb meem thib plaub uas ua rau raug mob tuag rau cov menyuam thiab cov neeg laus hauv Tebchaws Meskas Cov menyuam yaus, cov laus thiab cov neeg xiam oob khab yog qhov pheej hmoo ntau dua ntawm kev raug mob thiab tuag. Feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej kub hnyiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nrog qee qhov kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yooj yim. Cov no suav nrog:

• Teem koj lub taub rhaub dej kom kub txog li 120 ° F.
• Ntsuas qhov ntsuas dej kom sov ua ntej koj lossis koj tus menyuam nkag mus rau hauv lub dab da dej lossis da dej.
• Tig tes ntawm lub lauj kaub thiab cov lauj kaub mus rau tom qab lub qhov cub, lossis siv rov qab hlawv.
• Siv cov tswb txhom pa hluav taws hauv koj lub tsev thiab tshawb xyuas roj teeb txhua rau lub hlis.
• Xyuas kab hluav taws xob txhua ob peb hlis. Pov tseg ib qho twg frayed los yog puas.
• Muab cov ntaub qhwv hluav taws xob tso rau kom deb rau qhov uas tus me nyuam ncav cuag.
• Yog koj haus luam yeeb, tsis txhob haus luam yeeb saum txaj. Cov hluav taws kub uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov luam yeeb, kav dej, thiab luam yeeb yog qhov uas ua rau muaj kev tuag hauv tsev hluav taws.
• Ua tib zoo saib thaum siv qhov chaw tso cua sov. Muab lawv tso nrog pam vov, khaub ncaws, thiab lwm yam khoom ua paug. Tsis txhob cia lawv nyob nrog tawm.

Yog xav paub ntau ntxiv txog kev kho lossis tiv thaiv kev kub nyhiab, tham nrog koj tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv lossis koj tus menyuam tus kws khomob.

Ua tim khawv

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2. Cov Me Nyuam Tsev Kho Mob ntawm Wisconsin [Is Taws Nem]. Milwaukee: Tsev Kho Mob Menyuam Yaus Wisconsin; c2019. Cov lus tseeb ntawm kev raug mob hlawv; [hais tawm 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.chw.org/medical-care/burn-program/burns/facts-about-burn-injury
3. Familydoctor.org [Is Taws Nem]. Leawood (KS): American Academy ntawm Tsev Neeg Cov Kws Kho Mob; c2019. Hlawv: Tiv thaiv kev kub nyhiab hauv koj lub Tsev; [kho tshiab 2017 Mar 23; raug nplua 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://familydoctor.org/burns-preventing-burns-in-your-home
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6. Olgers TJ, Dijkstra RS, Drost-de-Klerck AM, Ter Maaten JC. ABCDE kev soj ntsuam thawj hauv tuam tsev tswj xwm txheej ceev hauv cov neeg muaj mob: kev soj ntsuam sim saib. Neth J Med [Internet]. 2017 Lub Plaub Hlis [hais tawm 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; 75 (3): 106–111. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28469050
7. Strauss S, Gillespie GL. Kev tshuaj xyuas thawj zaug thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov neeg mob hlawv. Am Nkaub Saib Mob Hnub No [Is Taws Nem]. 2018 Jun [hais tawm 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; 13 (6): 16–19. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.americannursetoday.com/initial-assessment-mgmt-burn-patients
8. TETAF: Texas EMS Kev Mob Loj thiab Acute Care Foundation [Is Taws Nem]. Austin (TX): Texas EMS Kev Mob Nkeeg thiab Acute Care Foundation; c2000–2019. Hlawv Cov Lus Qhia Xyaum Ua; [hais tawm 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: http://tetaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Burn-Practice-Guideline.pdf
9. Thim T, Vinther Karup NH, Grove EL, Rohde CV, Lofgren B. Kev tshuaj xyuas thawj zaug thiab kev kho mob nrog rau Airway, Ua pa, Kev ncig mus ncig, xiam oob khab, qhov cuam tshuam (ABCDE) txoj hauv kev. Rau Int J Gen Med [Internet]. 2012 Jan 31 [hais tawm 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; 2012 (5): 117–121. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3273374
10. University of Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Tsev kawm qib siab Rochester Medical Center; c2019. Cov Phau Ntawv Qhia Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo Burns; [hais tawm 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P01737
11. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2019. Lub Chaw Nruab Nrab: Lub Chaw Mob Hlawv Cov Lus Nquag Nug; [kho tshiab 2019 Feb 11; raug nplua 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/burn-center/burn-center-frequently-asked-questions/29616
12. UW Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Cov Tsev Kho Mob thiab Chaw Kho Mob; c2019. Cov Tshuaj Kho Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Tshuaj xyuas qhov kub nyhiab thiab Kev Npaj Resuscitation: Txoj Cai ntawm Nines; [kho tshiab 2017 Jul 24; raug nplua 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.uwhealth.org/emergency-room/assessing-burns-and-planning-resuscitation-the-rule-of-nines/12698
13. Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv [Is Taws Nem]. Geneva (SUI): Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv; c2019. Tswj kev kub nyhiab; 2003 [hais tawm 2019 Tsib Hlis 8]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.who.int/surgery/publications/Burns_management.pdf

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xaib no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los hloov chaw kho mob lossis tswv yim kho mob. Hu rau kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.