Tus Sau: Randy Alexander
Hnub Kev Tsim: 3 Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj 2021
Hloov Hnub: 18 Lub Kaum Ib Hli Ntuj 2024
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Zoo Siab

Ntau yam as-ham yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv.

Thaum nws tseem tuaj yeem tau txais lawv feem ntau los ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev noj zaub mov rau Western noj tsawg nyob rau ntau cov as-ham uas tseem ceeb heev.

Kab lus no tsuas sau 7 zaug ntawm cov khoom noj muaj tsis txaus uas xav tsis thoob li.

1. Lub cev tsis muaj hlau

Hlau yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxhia.

Nws yog cov ntshav liab loj txaus, uas nws khi nrog hemoglobin thiab thauj cov pa mus rau koj lub hlwb.

Ob hom kev noj haus hlau yog:

  • Heme hlau. Cov hom hlau no yog qhov nqus tau zoo heev. Nws tsuas yog pom hauv cov khoom noj tsiaj, nrog cov nqaij liab uas muaj cov nqi tshwj xeeb.
  • Tsis yog-hlau. Hom no, pom hauv cov tsiaj txhu thiab tsiaj cog khoom noj, yog qhov muaj ntau dua. Nws tsis yog nqus tau yooj yim li heme hlau.

Cov hlau tsis muaj zog yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom noj tsis haum rau lub ntiaj teb, cuam tshuam ntau dua 25% ntawm tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb (,).


Tus lej no nce mus txog 47% hauv cov menyuam preschool. Tshwj tsis yog tias lawv tau muab cov zaub mov muaj hlau lossis nplua nuj rau cov hlau, lawv yuav tsis tshua muaj hlau.

Nyob ib ncig ntawm 30% ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws poj niam tuaj yeem ua tsis tau zoo li vim muaj ntshav tawm hauv lub hlis, thiab li ntawm 42% ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub kuj yuav muaj kev tsis txaus thiab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg tsis noj zaub thiab vegans muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog vim tias lawv haus xwb tsis muaj hlau, uas tsis yog nqus tau zoo li heme hlau (,).

Cov teeb meem tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj zog yog ntshav tsawg, uas cov lej ntawm koj cov qe ntshav liab thiab koj cov ntshav muaj peev xwm nqa cov pa oxygen tso tawm.

Cov tsos mob feem ntau suav nrog kev nkees, lub cev tsis muaj zog, lub cev tsis muaj zog, thiab lub hlwb tsis ua haujlwm (, 6).

Kev noj zaub mov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm heme hlau muaj xws li ():

  • Liab nqaij. 3 ooj (85 grams) ntawm nqaij nyuj hauv av muab yuav luag 30% ntawm Kev Siv Nyiaj Txiag Txhua Hnub (DV).
  • Nqaij cov nqaij. Ib qho hlais (81 grams) ntawm daim siab muab ntau dua 50% ntawm DV.
  • Qwj. Clams, qwj nplais, thiab yoov qaib yog qhov chaw zoo ntawm heme hlau, nrog 3 ooj (85 grams) ntawm cov roj siav siav muaj kwv yees li 50% ntawm DV.
  • Cov kaus poom sardines. Ib qhov 3.75-ooj (106-gram) tuaj yeem muab tau 34% ntawm DV.

Qhov khoom noj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj tawv muaj xws li:


  • Taum. Ib nrab khob (85 grams) ntawm cov raum siav muab 33% ntawm DV.
  • Noob. Cov taub dag, noob hnav, thiab cov taub ntoo yog qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau. Ib ooj (28 grams) ntawm cov taub dag ci lossis cov noob taub ntoo muaj 11% ntawm DV.
  • Tsaus, pom zaub ntsuab. Zaub cob pob, kale, thiab spinach yog nplua nuj hauv cov hlau. Ib ooj (28 grams) ntawm kale tshiab muab 5.5% ntawm DV.

Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntxiv nrog cov hlau tshwj tsis yog koj xav tau tiag tiag. Ntau dhau cov hlau yuav ua kev puas tsuaj.

Qhov tsis tseem ceeb, cov vitamins C tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov nqus ntawm hlau. Noj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li vitamin-C xws li txiv kab ntxwv, kale, thiab lub tswb txob nrog cov zaub mov muaj hlau yuav pab kom koj lub cev nqus tau hlau ntau ntau.

CAIJ NTUJ NO Cov hlau tsis muaj zog yog qhov muaj ntau heev, tshwj xeeb ntawm cov poj niam hluas, menyuam yaus, thiab tus neeg noj zaub tsis noj nqaij. Nws yuav ua rau tsis txaus siab, nkees, lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab lub hlwb tsis ua haujlwm.

2. Iodine tsis muaj peev xwm

Iodine yog cov ntxhia pob zeb tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov thyroid li qub thiab kev tsim cov thyroid hormones ().


Cov thyroid hormones yog koom nrog ntau yam hauv lub cev, xws li kev loj hlob, txhim kho lub hlwb, thiab kho cov pob txha. Lawv kuj tswj koj tus nqi metabolic npaum li cas.

Iodine deficiency yog ib qho muaj kev ua kom tsis taus cov zaub mov zoo, cuam tshuam ze li ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb (,,).

Cov tsos mob feem ntau ntawm iodine tsis muaj peev xwm yog cov hlav ua cov thyroid caj pas, tseem hu ua goiter. Nws kuj tseem yuav ua rau muaj lub plawv dhia ntxiv, ua pa siav, thiab nce phaus ().

Kev tsis muaj peev xwm iodine tsawg yog txuas rau qhov mob hnyav, tshwj xeeb yog menyuam yaus. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb ruamqauj thiab kev loj hlob txawv txav (,).

Kev noj zaub mov zoo ntawm iodine suav nrog ():

  • Dej hiav txwv. Tsuas yog 1 gram ntawm pob kelp pob 460–1,000% ntawm DV.
  • Ntses. Peb ooj (85 grams) ntawm cov ci cod muab 66% ntawm DV.
  • Mis los. Ib khob (245 gram) ntawm cov mis nyuj khov yogurt muaj txog 50% ntawm DV.
  • Qe: Ib lub qe loj muaj 16% ntawm DV.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyiaj no yuav txawv heev. Raws li iodine feem ntau pom nyob hauv av thiab dej hiav txwv, iodine-av tsis zoo yuav ua rau cov zaub mov muaj iodine tsawg.

Qee lub teb chaws yuam ua lub rooj noj mov ntsev nrog iodine, uas tau ua tiav txo qhov xwm txheej tsis txaus ().

CAIJ NTUJ NO Iodine yog ib qho ntawm cov zaub mov zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb. Tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj mob cov thyroid caj pas loj ntxiv. Kev tu ncua ntawm iodine tsawg tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb ruamqauj thiab kev loj hlob txawv txav ntawm menyuam yaus.

3. Kev tsis txaus Vitamin D

Vitamin D yog cov vitamin fat-soluble uas ua haujlwm zoo li steroid hormone hauv koj lub cev.

Nws mus dhau ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntshav, qhia lawv kom tig mus tua los yog tua. Yuav luag txhua lub cell hauv koj lub cev muaj receptor rau vitamin D.

Vitamin D yog tsim los ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) hauv koj cov tawv nqaij thaum raug tiv tshav ntuj. Yog li, cov neeg uas nyob deb ntawm kab nruab nrab yog cov yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tshwj tsis yog tias lawv cov zaub mov noj kom txaus los yog lawv muab cov vitamin D (,) ntxiv rau.

Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, kwv yees li 42% ntawm tib neeg tej zaum yuav tsis txaus cov vitamin no. Tus lej no nce mus rau 74% hauv cov laus thiab 82% hauv cov neeg muaj daim tawv tsaus vim lawv cov tawv nqaij ua cov vitamin D tsawg nyob rau hauv teb rau hnub ci (,).

Qhov tsis txaus Vitamin D feem ntau tsis yog pom tseeb, vim tias nws cov tsos mob hloov maj mam thiab yuav pib dhau xyoo lossis xyoo lawm (,).

Cov neeg laus uas muaj tsis txaus cov vitamin D yuav muaj leeg tsis muaj zog, pob txha, thiab kev pheej hmoo txhawm rau txha lov. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, nws yuav ua rau qeeb kev loj hlob thiab cov pob txha mos (rickets) (,,).

Tsis tas li, cov vitamin D tsis txaus tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo mob cancer (22).

Thaum tseem muaj tsawg cov zaub mov muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov vitamin no, cov zaub mov zoo tshaj yog (23):

  • Cod daim siab cov roj. Ib rab diav (15 ml) ntim 227% ntawm DV.
  • Rog ntses. Salmon, mackerel, sardines, thiab trout yog cov nplua nuj nyob hauv cov vitamins D. Ib qho me me, 3-ounce (85-gram) ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntsev siav muab 75% ntawm DV.
  • Qe qe. Ib lub qe loj loj muaj 7% ntawm DV.

Cov neeg uas lub cev tsis zoo yuav xav noj tshuaj pab lossis ntxiv rau kom tshav ntuj. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kom tau txais cov nyiaj txaus los ntawm kev noj zaub mov nyob ib leeg.

CAIJ NTUJ NO Vitamin D tsis muaj ntau heev. Cov tsos mob suav nrog cov leeg tsis muaj zog, pob txha pob txha, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha lov, thiab - hauv cov menyuam yaus - cov pob txha mos. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom tau txais txaus los ntawm koj kev noj zaub mov ib leeg.

4. Vitamin B12 tsis muaj peev xwm

Vitamin B12, tseem hu ua cobalamin, yog dej-soluble vitamin.

Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov ntshav, ua rau lub hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha ua haujlwm.

Txhua lub cell hauv koj lub cev xav tau B12 ua haujlwm ib txwm, tab sis koj lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tsim nws. Yog li, koj yuav tsum tau txais los ntawm zaub mov lossis khoom noj.

B12 tsuas yog pom muaj nuj nqis txaus hauv cov khoom noj tsiaj, txawm hais tias qee hom seaweed tuaj yeem muab cov zaub mov me me. Yog li, cov tib neeg tsis noj tsiaj cov tsiaj muaj qhov muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv.

Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias ntau txog 80-90% ntawm cov neeg tsis noj zaub thiab vegans yuav tsis txaus nyob hauv cov vitamins B12 (,).

Ntau tshaj 20% ntawm cov neeg laus dua yuav tsis txaus nyob rau hauv cov vitamin no vim hais tias kev nqus txo nrog lub hnub nyoog (,,).

Kev nqus B12 yog qhov nyuaj dua li lwm cov vitamins vim tias nws tau pab los ntawm cov protein hu ua kev ntxig plab. Qee tus neeg tsis txaus nyob rau hauv cov protein no thiab yog li xav tau B12 txhaj tshuaj lossis siab dua ntawm cov tshuaj noj.

Ib qho tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm cov vitamin B12 yog megaloblastic anemia, uas yog cov ntshav tsis txaus uas ua kom koj cov ntshav liab ntxiv.

Lwm cov tsos mob suav nrog kev ua tsis taus ntawm lub hlwb thiab kev nce qib homocysteine, uas yog qhov phom sij rau ntau yam kabmob (,).

Kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov vitamins B12 muaj xws li ():

  • Qwj. Clams thiab oysters yog nplua nuj nyob hauv cov vitamin B12. Ib qho 3-ooj (85-gram) feem ntawm cov kab sib tsoo siav muab txog 1,400% ntawm DV.
  • Nqaij cov nqaij. Ib 2-ooj (60-gram) hlais cov nplooj siab pob ntau dua li 1,000% ntawm DV.
  • Nqaij. Ib qho me me, 6-ooj (170-gram) nqaij nyuj nqaij ci muaj 150% ntawm DV.
  • Cov qe. Ib qe tag nrho muab kwv yees li 6% ntawm DV.
  • Cov khoom noj mis nyuj. Ib khob (240 ml) ntawm cov mis tseem muaj txog 18% ntawm DV.

Vitamin B12 tsis pom hais tias muaj kev phom sij rau ntau vim tias nws feem ntau tsis zoo thiab yooj yim nthuav tawm.

CAIJ NTUJ NO Vitamin B12 tsis muaj ntau heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg tsis noj nqaij, vegans, thiab cov neeg laus dua. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau suav nrog cov ntshav tsis xws luag, lub hlwb tsis ua haujlwm, thiab nce homocysteine ​​ntau ntau.

5. Tsis muaj calcium calcium

Tshuaj calcium yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua lub cell hauv koj lub cev. Nws mineralizes cov pob txha thiab cov hniav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob sai. Nws kuj tseem ceeb heev rau kev saib xyuas pob txha.

Ib qho ntxiv, calcium ua cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Yog tsis muaj nws, koj lub siab, cov leeg thiab cov leeg yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.

Cov tshuaj calcium calcium hauv koj cov ntshav tau nruj nreem nyob rau hauv koj cov ntshav, thiab ib qho dhau heev lawm muaj hauv cov pob txha. Yog tias koj qhov kev nqus txaus, koj cov pob txha yuav tso cov calcium.

Yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj cov tsos mob feem ntau ntawm cov calcium calcium yog osteoporosis, tus yam ntxwv softer thiab ntau cov pob txha tsis muaj zog.

Ib qhov kev tshawb fawb hauv Tebchaws Meskas pom tias tsawg dua 15% ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas ntxhais hluas, tsawg dua 10% ntawm cov poj niam laus dua 50, thiab tsawg dua 22% ntawm cov tub hluas thiab cov txiv neej laus dua 50 xyoo tau txais qhov kev pom zoo kev noj calcium ().

Txawm hais tias ntxiv cov lej no nce mentsis xwb, feem ntau cov neeg tseem tsis tau txais calcium txaus.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo ntxiv rau kev noj zaub mov calcium suav nrog cov pob txha mos (rickets) hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab osteoporosis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg laus (,).

Kev noj zaub mov los ntawm cov calcium suav nrog ():

  • Boned ntses. Ib lub sardine (92 grams) muaj sardines muaj 44% ntawm DV.
  • Khoom noj siv mis. Ib khob (240 ml) ntawm mis muab 35% ntawm DV.
  • Cov zaub ntsuab tsaus. Kale, spinach, bok choy, thiab zaub cob pob yog cov nplua nuj calcium. Tsuas yog 1 ooj (28 grams) ntawm cov kale tshiab muaj 5.6% ntawm DV.

Qhov ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj calcium pab tau qee qhov kev sib cav hauv ob peb lub xyoo dhau los.

Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia pom kev pheej hmoo mob plawv heev rau cov tib neeg noj tshuaj calcium ntxiv, txawm hais tias lwm txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tsis muaj teebmeem (,,).

Txawm hais tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tau cov calcium los ntawm cov zaub mov ntau dua li cov tshuaj noj, cov tshuaj no zoo rau cov neeg uas tsis tau txais zaub mov txaus ().

CAIJ NTUJ NO Kev noj cov calcium qis no muaj ntau heev, tshwj xeeb yog rau cov poj niam txhua lub hnub nyoog thiab cov laus. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj calcium yog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob pob txha tom qab lub neej.

6. Vitamin A tsis txaus

Vitamin A yog qhov tseem ceeb vitamin sol-fat soluble vitamin. Nws pab ua qauv thiab tswj cov tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv, cov hniav, pob txha, thiab cov kab mob ntawm tes. Ntxiv mus, nws ua cov qhov muag xim, uas tsim nyog rau lub zeem muag (38).

Nws muaj ob yam sib txawv ntawm cov kev noj haus vitamin A ():

  • Qhia rau cov tshuaj vitamin A. Hom vitamin A no pom muaj hauv cov tsiaj xws li nqaij, ntses, nqaij qaib, thiab mis nyuj.
  • Pro-vitamin A. Hom no pom muaj hauv cov khoom noj cog ntoo xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Beta carotene, uas koj lub cev hloov mus rau hauv cov vitamin A, yog cov qauv uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws.

Ntau tshaj li 75% ntawm cov neeg uas noj sab hnub poob tau txais ntau dua cov vitamins A thiab tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ().

Txawm li cas los xij, cov vitamin A tsis txaus yog qhov muaj ntau heev hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Txog li 44–50% ntawm cov menyuam hnub nyoog kawm preschool nyob rau qee thaj tsam muaj cov vitamin A tsis txaus. Tus naj npawb no nyob ib ncig ntawm 30% hauv Indian poj niam (,).

Qhov tsis txaus Vitamin A tuaj yeem ua rau ob lub qhov muag ib ntus thiab tas mus li thiab kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau dig muag. Qhov tseeb, qhov tsis muaj no yog lub ntiaj teb ua rau dig muag.

Qhov tsis txaus Vitamin A tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua kom tuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov menyuam thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub lossis pub niam mis ().

Qhov ntsuas kev noj haus ntawm preformed vitamin A suav nrog ():

  • Nqaij cov nqaij. Ib 2-ounce (60-gram) cov hlais nqaij ntawm nqaij nyug muab ntau dua 800% ntawm DV.
  • Ntses daim siab roj. Ib rab diav (15 ml) pob li ntawm 500% ntawm DV.

Kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov beta carotene (txhawb cov vitamin A) suav nrog:

  • Qab zib qos. Ib qho nruab nrab, 6-ooj (170-gram) kua qab zib muaj 150% ntawm DV.
  • Carrots. Ib lub zaub loj loj muab 75% ntawm DV.
  • Tsaus ntsuab, nplooj zaub. Ib ooj (28 gram) ntawm cov zaub ntsuab ntsuab muab 18% ntawm DV.

Thaum nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau haus cov vitamin no kom txaus, cov tshuaj vitamin A ntau dhau yuav ua rau muaj kuab lom.

Qhov no tsis siv rau cov tshuaj vitamin A, xws li beta carotene. Kev noj ntau yuav ua rau koj cov tawv nqaij hloov xim txiv kab ntxwv, tab sis cov nyhuv no tsis txaus ntshai.

CAIJ NTUJ NO Vitamin A tsis muaj ntau heev nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws. Nws yuav ua rau lub qhov muag puas tsuaj thiab dig muag, nrog rau kev txhawb lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab nce kev tuag ntawm cov poj niam thiab menyuam.

7. Kev tsis muaj zog hlau nplaum

Magnesium yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntxhia hauv koj lub cev.

Qhov tseem ceeb rau cov pob txha thiab cov hniav, nws tseem muaj kev koom tes nrog ntau dua 300 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme ().

Yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas noj tsawg dua qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm magnesium ().

Kev noj qis thiab ntshav cov ntshav ntawm cov magnesium muaj feem xyuam nrog ntau yam mob, nrog rau hom ntshav qab zib 2, mob ntshav qabzib, mob plawv, thiab osteoporosis (,).

Qib qis yog feem ntau tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg mob pw hauv tsev kho mob. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tias 9–65% ntawm lawv tsis muaj (,,).

Qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau los ntawm tus kab mob, kev siv yeeb tshuaj, txo qis plab zom mov, lossis tsis muaj zaub mov txaus magnesium ().

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis txaus cov magnesium tsis txaus ntseeg muaj xws li mob plawv txawv txav, mob nqaij ntshiv, pob txha ceg tsis tswm, nkees, thiab mob migraines (,,).

Ntau qhov kev paub tsis raug, mob ntev uas koj yuav tsis pom tias muaj cov tshuaj insulin thiab ntshav siab.

Kev noj haus ntawm qhov chaw ntawm magnesium suav nrog ():

  • Tag nrho nplej. Ib khob (170 grams) ntawm oats muaj 74% ntawm DV.
  • Ceev. Nees nkaum almonds ntim 17% ntawm DV.
  • Qhob noom xim kasfes dub. Ib ooj (30 grams) ntawm chocolate tsaus muaj 15% ntawm DV.
  • Tsaus ntsuab, nplooj zaub. Ib ooj (30 grams) ntawm cov zaub ntsuab nyoos muab 6% ntawm DV.
CAIJ NTUJ NO Magnesium tsis muaj yog ib qho muaj nyob hauv Western lub teb chaws, thiab kev noj haus tsawg yog txuam nrog ntau yam mob thiab kab mob.

Hauv qab kab

Nws yog qhov ua tau kom tsis txaus ntseeg hauv yuav luag txhua qhov khoom noj khoom haus. Uas tau hais tias, qhov tsis zoo raws li teev saum toj no yog qhov uas muaj ntau tshaj.

Cov menyuam yaus, cov poj niam hluas, cov laus dua, tus neeg tsis noj nqaij thiab ib yam tsiaj zoo li yog qhov muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau tshaj plaws ntawm ntau yam tsis tau.

Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv kev tsis muaj peev xwm yog kev noj zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig uas suav nrog tag nrho, cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig-tuab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom noj ntxiv tuaj yeem tsim nyog rau cov neeg uas tsis tuaj yeem tau txais zaub mov txaus los ntawm ib leeg.

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