Kev ntsuam xyuas qhov muag qhov ntsej muag

Kev ntsuam xyuas qhov muag qhov muag tsev ntsuas lub peev xwm pom kev nthuav dav.

Muaj 3 lub zeem muag pom kev tuaj yeem ua tau tom tsev: Amsler kab sib chaws, lub zeem muag deb, thiab ze qhov muag kuaj qhov muag.

AMSLER COV KEV KAWM ZOO

Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no pab tshawb pom macular degeneration. Nov yog kab mob uas ua rau pom kev plooj, tsis pom kev, los sis muaj tej thaj chaw dawb paug. Yog tias koj ib txwm hnav tsom iav rau kev nyeem ntawv, hnav lawv rau qhov kev ntsuas no. Yog tias koj hnav bifocals, saib rau hauv qab kev nyeem ntawv hauv qab.

Ua qhov kev sib tw nrog txhua qhov muag cais, thawj zaug sab xis thiab sab laug. Tuav txoj kab sib tw sab xis ntawm koj xub ntiag, 14 ntiv taw (35 centimeters) deb ntawm koj lub qhov muag. Saib qhov teev nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm kab sib chaws, tsis nyob ntawm tus qauv daim phiaj.

Thaum saib ntawm lub dot, koj yuav pom qhov seem ntawm daim phiaj hauv koj lub zeem muag peripheral. Tag nrho cov kab, ob qho tib si ntsug thiab kab rov tav, yuav tsum tshwm sim ncaj thiab tsis tawg. Lawv yuav tsum sib ntsib ntawm txhua qhov chaw hla tsis muaj qhov chaw ploj. Yog tias ib kab twg tshwm sim distorted lossis tawg, nco ntsoov lawv qhov chaw nyob ntawm kab sib chaws uas yog siv ib tug cwj mem los yog xaum qhuav.

KHAWV KOOB TUAG

Nov yog tus qauv ntsuas qhov muag tus kws kho mob siv, uas tau hloov kho rau kev siv hauv tsev.

Daim duab txuas nrog rau ib lub phab ntsa ntawm qib ntawm qhov muag. Sawv 10 feet (3 meter) deb ntawm daim duab. Yog tias koj coj tsom iav lossis iav lo ntsiab muag kom pom deb, coj lawv rau qhov sim.

Saib xyuas txhua qhov muag cais, thawj sab xis thiab sab laug. Khaws ob lub qhov muag qhib thiab npog ib lub qhov muag nrog xib teg ntawm tes.

Nyeem kab ntawv, pib nrog kab ntawv sab saum toj thiab txav mus rau kab ua haujlwm kom nws tsis yooj yim nyeem cov tsiaj ntawv. Sau tus naj npawb ntawm kab me tshaj plaws uas koj paub koj nyeem kom raug. Rov ua dua nrog lwm qhov muag.

NEAR SAIB

Qhov no zoo ib yam li kev ntsuas kev pom deb deb saum toj no, tab sis nws tsuas yog tuav 14 ntiv xwb (35 centimeters) deb. Yog tias koj coj tsom iav rau kev nyeem ntawv, coj lawv rau qhov sim.

Tuav daim npav ntsuas qhov muag ze ze li ntawm 14 ntiv tes (35 centimeters) ntawm koj lub qhov muag. Tsis txhob nqa daim npav ze zog. Nyeem cov duab kab ntawv siv txhua qhov muag cais raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no. Sau qhov loj me ntawm kab me tshaj koj tau nyeem kom raug.

Koj xav tau thaj chaw zoo tsawg kawg 10 feet (3 meters) ntev rau qhov kuaj pom kev deb, thiab cov hauv qab no:

• Ntsuas cov ntaub nplaum lossis lub duav
• Cov kab kos qhov muag
• Cov kab xev lossis khi rau dai kom pom qhov muag duab ntawm phab ntsa
• Tus xaum ntawv los sau cov txiaj ntsig
• Lwm tus neeg los pab (yog tias ua tau), vim tias lawv tuaj yeem sawv ze rau hauv daim ntawv qhia thiab qhia koj yog tias koj nyeem cov ntawv kom raug

Lub zeem muag pob qhov yuav tsum tau nrawm rau phab ntsa ntawm qib qhov muag. Khij rau hauv pem teb nrog ib daim kab xev 10 fim (3 meter) los ntawm daim duab qhia ntawm phab ntsa.

Cov kev kuaj no ua rau tsis muaj kev tsis xis nyob.

Koj lub zeemmuag yuav hloov zuj zus yam tsis muaj neeg paub txog.

Kev ntsuam xyuas lub qhov muag nyob hauv tsev tuaj yeem pab pom teeb meem qhov muag thiab pom kev thaum ntxov. Kev kuaj qhov muag nyob hauv tsev yuav tsum tau ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob taw qhia kom pom qhov hloov uas tshwm sim thaum kuaj qhov muag. Lawv tsis hloov chaw ntawm lub chaw kho qhov muag ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Cov tib neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob macular degeneration yuav tau hais los ntawm lawv tus kws kho qhov muag kom kuaj Amsler daim phiaj ntsuas ntau dua. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua qhov kev ntsuas no tsis ntau tshaj ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Kev hloov pauv Macular yog hloov zuj zus, thiab koj tuaj yeem nco lawv yog tias koj sim txhua hnub.

Cov txiaj ntsig ib txwm rau txhua qhov kev ntsuas yog li nram qab no:

• Amsler daim phiaj ntsuas: Txhua kab tshwm ncaj thiab tsis muaj qhov thaiv tsis muaj qhov tsis ua zoo lossis tsis muaj chaw nyob.
• Qhov kev ntsuas pom deb deb: Txhua tsab ntawv ntawm kab 20/20 nyeem kom raug.
• Nyob ze kev kuaj qhov muag: Koj muaj peev xwm nyeem kab kab ntawv cim 20/20 lossis J-1.

Qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo yuav txhais tau tias koj muaj teeb meem kho qhov muag lossis mob qhov muag thiab koj yuav tsum tau kuaj lub qhov muag ua haujlwm.

• Amsler daim phiaj ntsuas: Yog tias daim phiaj zoo li distorted lossis tawg, tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem nrog tus retina.
• Kev ntsuas qhov muag deb: Yog tias koj tsis nyeem txoj kab 20/20 kom raug, nws yuav yog qhov pom ntawm qhov tsis pom kev (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), astigmatism, lossis lwm qhov muag tsis zoo.
• Ze rau lub zeem muag ze: Tsis paub nyeem cov hom me me tuaj yeem yog qhov cim ntawm kev pom kev laus (presbyopia).

Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo.

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no, nrhiav kev kuaj qhov muag:

• Nyuaj siab tsom rau cov khoom ze
• Ob lub zeem muag
• Qhov muag mob
• Mloog zoo li muaj "tawv nqaij" lossis "zaj duab xis" tshaj lub ntsiab muag lossis qhov muag
• Lub teeb flashes, tsaus me ntsis, lossis cov duab dab zoo li dab
• Cov khoom lossis ntsej muag ntsia qhov muag plooj lossis pos huab
• Zaj sawv xim kab laim ncig teeb
• Cov kab ncaj ncaj zoo li laim ntaj
• Teeb meem pom kev thaum hmo ntuj, teeb meem kho mus rau chav tsaus

Yog tias cov menyuam yaus muaj cov tsos mob hauv qab no, lawv yuav tsum muaj kev kuaj qhov muag:

• Hla ob lub qhov muag
• Kev txom nyem hauv tsev kawm ntawv
• Blinking dhau heev
• Txav kom ze rau ib yam khoom (piv txwv li TV) saib kom pom nws
• Taub hau tilting
• Tsog
• Dej daj muag

Kev kuaj pom tseeb tseeb - lub tsev; Amsler daim phiaj ntsuas

• Kev kuaj pom qhov tseeb tseeb

Feder RS, Olsen TW, Prum BE Jr, li al. Cov neeg laus kho qhov muag ntsuam xyuas nyiam cov qauv coj ua coj ua. OphthalmologyCov. 2016; 123 (1): 209-236. PMID: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.

Prokopich CL, Hrynchak P, Elliott DB, Flanagan JG. Kev txheeb xyuas kev noj qab haus huv. Hauv: Elliott DB, ed. Cov Txheej Txheem Clinical Cov Txheej Txheem Hauv Kev Kho Qhov MuagCov. 4 tug ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; Xyoo 2014: chap 7.