Qhua qaib

Qhua dej yog ib yam kab mob uas tus neeg muaj khaus khaus thoob plaws lub cev. Nws tau muaj ntau nyob rau yav dhau los. Niaj hnub no muaj mob tsawg vim tias tshuaj tiv thaiv qhua pob.

Qhua dej yog tshwm sim los ntawm tus kabmob varicella-zoster. Nws yog tus tswv cuab ntawm herpesvirus tsev neeg. Tus kabmob qub no tseem ua rau mob pob ntseg hauv cov laus.

Qhua dej tuaj yeem sib kis tau yooj yim heev rau lwm tus txij li 1 txog 2 hnub ua ntej cov hlwv tshwm tuaj txog ntua thaum tag nrho cov hlwv tawg. Koj yuav kis tau mob qhua maj:

• Los ntawm kov cov kua dej los ntawm tus hlwv dej hlwv nrog
• Yog hais tias ib tug neeg uas muaj tus kab mob hnoos lossis txham uas nyob ze koj

Feem ntau ntawm qhua maj qhua taum tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 10 xyoo. Tus kab mob feem ntau yog mob me, txawm hais tias muaj mob hnyav tshwm sim los. Cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus muaj mob ntau dua li menyuam yaus.

Cov menyuam yaus uas lawv niam kis mob qhua maj los yog tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv dej qhua taum yuav tsis muaj feem kis tau tus mob ua ntej lawv muaj 1 xyoos. Yog tias lawv kis tau mob qhua maj, lawv muaj mob me. Qhov no yog vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm lawv niam cov ntshav pab tiv thaiv lawv. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 1 xyoos niam uas tsis tau mob qhua maj los yog txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem mob qhua maj los tau.

Kev mob qhua maj heev tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus lub cev tsis muaj zog.

Feem ntau cov menyuam yaus mob qhua dej muaj cov tsos mob li no uantej tawm tawm pob:

• Ua npaws
• Mob taub hau
• Mob plab

Qhua dej tshwm sim li ntawm 10 rau 21 hnub tom qab tau chwv tus neeg muaj tus kabmob. Feem ntau, tus menyuam yuav pib thaj tsam li 250 txog 500, qhov khaus me, muaj kua dej tawm puv liab rau ntawm daim tawv.

• Cov hlwv feem ntau pom thawj zaug ntawm lub ntsej muag, nruab nrab ntawm lub cev, lossis tawv taub hau.
• Tom qab ib hnub lossis ob hnub, cov hlwv yuav ua huab thiab tom qab ntawd ua pob. Ib lub sijhawm, cov hlwv tshiab tsim ua tej pawg. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim hauv qhov ncauj, hauv qhov chaw mos, thiab ntawm daim tawv muag.
• Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij, xws li mob viav vias, tuaj yeem ua txhiab txhiab blooj.

Feem ntau cov pox yuav tsis tawm ua qhov nti tsuas yog lawv kis los ntawm kab mob los ntawm khawb.

Qee tus menyuam yaus uas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tseem yuav pib ua mob qhua maj qhua maj. Feem ntau, lawv rov zoo sai dua thiab tsuas muaj ob peb tus poxes (tsawg dua 30). Cov teeb meem no feem ntau nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam no tseem tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob qhua maj rau lwm tus tau.

Koj tus neeg muab kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv feem ntau tuaj yeem kuaj tus mob qhua maj los ntawm saib cov pob khaus thiab nug cov lus txog tus neeg li keeb kwm kho mob. Cov hlwv me me rau saum tawv taub hau paub meej tias kuaj mob feem ntau.

Kev kuaj hauv tsev kho mob tuaj yeem pab tshawb pom qhov kev kuaj mob, yog tias xav tau.

Txoj kev kho yuav tsum ua kom tus neeg zoo li sai tau. Nov yog yam los sim:

• Tsis txhob khawb lossis txhuam qhov khaus khaus. Ua rau tes rau luv luv kom tsis txhob ua kom tawv nqaij los ntawm khawb.
• Hnav txias, lub teeb, xaim txaj txaj. Zam tsis txhob hnav cov khaub ncaws hnyav, tshwj xeeb yog ntaub plaub, hla ntawm thaj chaw khaus.
• Siv dej sov so siv xab npum me ntsis thiab yaug kom huv. Sim siv cov tawv nqaij pleev cov ntsej muag pleev lossis pob kws da dej.
• Siv tshuaj pleev ib ce tom qab da dej kom tawv muag thiab ua kom tawv nqaij txias.
• Zam kev ntev ntev nrog rau qhov kub thiab av noo ntau dhau.
• Sim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj qhov ncauj xws li diphenhydramine (Benadryl), tab sis yuav tsum paub txog cov kev mob tshwm sim, xws li tsaug zog.
• Sim siv cov tshuaj hydrocortisone pleev rau ntawm cov chaw khaus.

Cov tshuaj uas tawm tsam tus kab mob qhua maj no muaj, tab sis tsis muab rau txhua tus neeg. Ua haujlwm tau zoo, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau pib hauv thawj 24 teev ntawm pob xoo.

• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los kho tsis ntau heev rau cov menyuam yaus noj qab nyob zoo uas tsis muaj cov tsos mob hnyav. Cov neeg laus thiab cov hluas, uas muaj feem yuav ua mob hnyav dua, tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog tias muab ntxov.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg muaj tawv nqaij (xws li eczema lossis ziab tshav hnub tsis ntev los no), mob ntsws (xws li hawb pob), lossis cov uas nyuam qhuav noj tshuaj tsis haum tshuaj.
• Qee cov kws khomob tseem muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov tib neeg hauv tsev neeg uas tseem mob quav qaib, vim tias feem ntau lawv yuav tshwm sim mob hnyav dua.

TSIS TXHOB muab cov tshuaj aspirin lossis ibuprofen rau ib tus neeg uas muaj mob qhua dej. Kev siv cov tshuaj aspirin tau cuam tshuam nrog kev mob hnyav hu ua Reye syndrome. Ibuprofen tau cuam tshuam txog kev sib kis mob hnyav ntxiv. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) siv tau.

Ib tug menyuam yaus uas mob qhua maj yuav tsum tsis txhob rov qab mus kawm ntawv lossis ua si nrog lwm tus menyuam kom txog thaum qhov mob ua paug puas chwv los sis qhuav tas. Cov laus yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai no thaum xav txog thaum rov qab mus ua haujlwm lossis nyob nrog lwm tus.

Feem ntau, ib tug neeg rov qab zoo yam tsis muaj teeb meem.

Thaum koj tau mob qhua dej lawm, tus kab mob feem ntau tseem tsaug zog lossis pw tsaug zog hauv koj lub cev tas koj lub neej. Li ntawm 1 ntawm 10 tus neeg loj yuav mob pob tsuas thaum tus kab mob rov tshwm tuaj thaum lub sijhawm muaj kev ntxhov siab.

Tsis tshua muaj, kev kis tau los ntawm lub hlwb tau tshwm sim. Lwm yam teeb meem yuav suav nrog:

• Tus Mob Reye Syndrome
• Kev kis mob ntawm cov leeg plawv
• Mob ntsws o
• Mob pob qij txha los yog o

Cerebellar ataxia tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum theem rov qab lossis tom qab. Qhov no cuam tshuam nrog taug kev tsis ruaj khov.

Cov pojniam uas mob qhua maj hnoos thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem kis tus kabmob mus rau menyuam kev loj hlob. Cov menyuam mos yug tshiab yog cov muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob hnyav.

Hu rau koj tus kws khomob yog koj xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj mob qhua dej lossis yog koj tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 12 lub hlis thiab tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv qhua qhua.

Vim hais tias mob qhua taum yog ua pa thiab kis tau yooj yim heev ua ntej ua pob liab vog, nws nyuaj ua kom zam dhau.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv qhua dej yog ib feem ntawm kev teem caij txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau tiv thaiv qhua dej qhua taum lossis ua kom mob hnyav heev.

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog koj xav tias koj tus me nyuam yuav muaj feem pheej hmoo pheej hmoo ua tej yam tsis zoo thiab tej zaum yuav dhau los ua rau mob. Ua raws li kev tiv thaiv tamsis yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Kev muab tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxov tom qab kis tau tus kabmob kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav ntawm tus kabmob.

Varicella; Qaib pox

• Qhua dej - mob hauv ob txhais ceg
• Qhua qaib
• Qhua dej - mob txhab rau ntawm hauv siab
• Qhua dej, mob ntsws o - xoo lub hauv siab
• Qhua dej - ze-tu

Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob lub vev xaib. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob qhua dej qhua maj (chickenpox). www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/varicella.pdf. Hloov tshiab Lub Yim Hli 15, 2019. Nkag mus Lub Cuaj Hlis 5, 2019.

LaRussa PS, Marin M, Gershon AA. Tus kab mob Varicella-zoster virus. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 280.

Robinson CL, Bernstein H, Romero JR, Szilagyi P; Pawg Neeg Pab Tswv Yim rau Kev Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv (ACIP) Pab Pawg Menyuam / Tub Ntxhais Hluas Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv. Pawg Kws Pab Tswv Yim Txog Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv tau pom zoo cov caij txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog 18 xyoo lossis qis dua - Tebchaws Asmeskas, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly RepCov. 2019; 68 (5): 112-114. PMID: 30730870 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30730870.

Kab lus no siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev tso cai los ntawm Alan Greene, M.D., © Greene Ink, Inc.