Bronchiolitis

Bronchiolitis yog o thiab hnoos qeev ua rau cov pa tsawg tshaj plaws hauv cov ntsws (ntsws). Feem ntau nws yog kis los ntawm khaub thuas kis.

Bronchiolitis feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2, nrog lub hnub nyoog siab ntawm 3 txog 6 hlis. Nws yog hom uas nyiam, thiab qee zaum muaj mob hnyav. Kab mob ua pa rau cov kab mob ntsws (RSV) yog qhov ua kom ntau tshaj. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov menyuam mos tau raug tus kabmob no los ntawm lawv thawj hnub yug.

Lwm cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob bronchiolitis yog:

• Adenovirus
• Tus mob khaub thuas
• Parainfluenza

Tus kab mob no kis rau cov menyuam mos tau los ntawm kev chwv cov kua ntswg thiab kua caj pas ntawm tus neeg muaj tus mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lwm tus menyuam lossis cov neeg laus uas muaj tus kabmob:

• Tus txham los yog hnoos nyob ze thiab cov tee me me hauv huab cua ces nqus los ntawm tus menyuam
• Cov khoom ua si kov lossis lwm yam khoom uas kov tus menyuam

Bronchiolitis tshwm sim ntau dua thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj no dua li lwm lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo. Nws yog ib qhov laj thawj uas ua rau menyuam mos mus pw hauv tsev kho mob thaum lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav.

Cov yam pheej hmoo ntawm tus mob bronchiolitis yog:

• Nyob ze cov pa luam yeeb
• Raug hnub nyoog qis dua 6 lub hlis
• Nyob hauv neeg mob coob
• Tsis pub mis niam
• Tau yug ua ntej 37 lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub

Qee tus menyuam yaus nws muaj qee yam me lossis cov tsos mob me.

Bronchiolitis yuav pib mob sib kis mob ntsws me. Hauv 2 rau 3 hnub, tus menyuam yuav muaj kev ua pa ntau, suav nrog hawb pob thiab hnoos.

Cov tsos mob muaj xws li:

• Bluish ntawm daim tawv nqaij vim tias tsis muaj oxygen (cyanosis) - kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev yog xav tau
• Ua pa nyuaj nrog rau hawb pob thiab txog siav
• Hnoos
• Nkees
• Ua npaws
• Cov leeg ncig lub pob txha tav hauv thaum tus me nyuam nws ua pa hauv (hu ua kev cuam tshuam sab nraud)
• Menyuam lub qhov ntswg tau txais dav thaum ua pa
• Nqus pa sai (tachypnea)

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas lub cev. Lub suab nqhoob thiab lub suab tawg tuaj yeem hnov ​​los ntawm lub mloog stethoscope.

Yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm muaj tus mob ntsws bronchiolitis tuaj yeem kuaj mob raws li cov tsos mob thiab kuaj mob.

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav ua tau muaj xws li:

• Cov roj ntsha ntshav
• Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob xoo
• Kab lis kev cai ntawm ib qhov hnoos qeev ntawm qhov ntswg los txiav txim siab tus kab mob ua rau tus kab mob

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob yog kom txo cov tsos mob, xws li ua pa nyuaj thiab hawb pob. Qee tus menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob yog tias lawv cov pa ua tsis zoo tom qab pom hauv chaw kuaj mob lossis chav khomob kub ntxhov.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis ua haujlwm tawm tsam kev kis kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob siv tau los kho cov menyuam mob hnyav.

Nyob hauv tsev, kev ntsuas los daws cov tsos mob tuaj yeem siv. Piv txwv li:

• Kom koj tus menyuam haus dej kom ntau. Mis niam lossis mis mos yog qhov zoo rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 hlis. Cov dej haus cawv, xws li Pedialyte, kuj tseem OK rau cov menyuam mos.
• Kom koj tus menyuam nqus pa kom noo (ntub) huab cua kom pab xoob cov hnoos qeev. Siv lub ntsuas cua noo noo kom ntub huab cua.
• Muab koj cov minyuam mob kua ntsev ua kua rau. Tom qab ntawv siv lub qhov ntswg nqus qhov ntswg los pab daws qhov txhaws ntswg.
• Nco ntsoov tias koj tus menyuam tau pw txaus.

Tsis txhob cia ib tus twg haus luam yeeb hauv tsev, tsheb, lossis lwm qhov ze koj tus menyuam. Cov menyuam yaus uas ua tsis taus pa ua pa yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob. Nyob ntawd, kev kho mob tej zaum yuav suav nrog kev kho oxygen thiab kua dej uas los ntawm cov leeg ntshav (IV).

Ua pa rau ntau tus neeg yuav zoo zuj zus nyob rau hnub peb thiab tus tsos mob feem ntau ntshiab li ib asthiv. Muaj qee zaus, mob ntsws txhaws qa lossis ua pa nyuaj heev.

Qee tus menyuam yaus yuav muaj teeb meem hawb pob lossis hawb pob thaum lawv loj dua.

Hu rau koj lub chaw kho mob sai lossis mus rau chav xwm txheej ceev yog koj tus menyuam:

• Ua rau yus nkees heev
• Muaj xim xiav nyob hauv daim tawv nqaij, rau tes, lossis daim di ncauj
• Pib ua pa ceev heev
• Muaj tus mob khaub thuas uas tam sim ntawd worsens
• Ua pa nyuaj
• Muaj qhov ntswg qhov ntswg lossis lub hauv siab ua kom zoo siab thaum sim ua pa

Feem ntau ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus mob bronchiolitis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tsis tau vim tias cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev sib kis yog ib puag ncig. Kev ntxuav tes kom huv, tshwj xeeb nyob ib ncig ntawm cov menyuam mos, tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kev kis tus mob.

Cov tshuaj hu ua palivizumab (Synagis) uas ua kom lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob tej zaum yuav raug pom zoo rau qee tus menyuam yaus. Koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob yuav qhia koj paub yog tias cov tshuaj no puas tsim nyog rau koj tus menyuam.

Kab mob ua pa syncytial - bronchiolitis; Mob Npaws - bronchiolitis; Hawb pob - bronchiolitis

• Bronchiolitis - paug
• Yuav ua li cas ua pa thaum koj tseem ua pa luv
• Cov pa oxygen kev nyab xeeb
• Cov dej paug tom qab
• Siv cov pa oxygen hauv tsev
• Siv cov pa oxygen hauv tsev - dab tsi yuav nug koj tus kws kho mob

• Bronchiolitis
• Mob ntsws thiab alveoli

Lub tsev SA, Ralston SL. Hawb pob, mob ntsws, thiab mob ntsws. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 418.

Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS; American Academy of Pediatrics, li al. Cov chaw txhaj tshuaj: kev kuaj mob, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus mob bronchiolitis. Kev KhomobCov. 2014; 134 (5): e1474-e1502. PMID: 25349312 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25349312.

Walsh EE, Englund JA. Tus kab mob vais lav ua mob rau txoj hlab ua pa. Hauv: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, thiab Bennett's Cov Ntsiab Cai thiab Kev Coj Ua ntawm Kab Mob KisCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; Xyoo 2020: chap 158.