Opiate thiab opioid tshem tawm

Opiates lossis opioids yog tshuaj siv los kho qhov mob. Lo lus narcotic yog hais txog ib yam tshuaj twg.

Yog tias koj tsum nres los yog thim rov qab cov tshuaj no tom qab siv hnyav ob peb lub lis piam lossis ntau dua, koj yuav muaj ntau cov tsos mob. Qhov no hu ua tshem tawm.

Xyoo 2018 hauv Tebchaws Meskas, kwv yees li 808,000 tus neeg tau tshaj tawm tias siv tshuaj yeeb muaj yees thaum lub xyoo dhau los. Tib lub xyoo, kwv yees li 11,4 lab tib neeg siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev mob tsis muaj tshuaj kho mob. Cov tshuaj pleev xim muaj xws li:

• Codeine
• Neeg Hus Npe
• Hydrocodone (Vicodin)
• Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
• Tshuaj txiav yeeb
• Meperidine (Demerol)
• Morphine
• Oxycodone (Percocet lossis Oxycontin)

Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev yuag. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib tus neeg cia siab rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov tsos mob tshem tawm. Sij hawm dhau mus, ntau cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog rau tib yam. Qhov no hu ua kam rau ua kev quav yeeb tshuaj.

Ntev npaum li cas nws yuav siv los ua lub cev sib txawv nrog txhua tus neeg.

Thaum tus neeg tsum tsis noj tshuaj, lub cev xav tau sijhawm rov qab los. Qhov no ua rau cov tsos mob tshem tawm. Kev rho tawm los ntawm opiates tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua lub sijhawm siv sijhawm ntev yog nres lossis txiav rov qab.

Cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm kev thim rov qab muaj xws li:

• Kev ntxhov siab
• Ntxhov siab vim
• Mob ib ce
• Muaj kua muag ntau dua
• Insomnia
• Los ntswg
• Tawm hws
• Yaj Yeem

Cov tsos mob qeeb ntawm kev tshem tawm suav nrog:

• Lub plab zom mov
• Zawv plab
• Cov menyuam muag npau suav
• Goose ua pob
• Xeev siab
• Ntuav

Cov tsos mob no tsis yooj yim tab sis tsis tsim kev phom sij rau lub neej. Cov tsos mob feem ntau pib li ntawm 12 teev ntawm kev siv yeeb dawb kawg thiab tsis pub dhau 30 teev ntawm kev siv tshuaj txiav yeeb kawg.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj ib ce thiab nug txog koj li keeb kwm kev kho mob thiab kev siv tshuaj yeeb.

Tso zis los yog kuaj ntshav mus soj ntsuam cov tshuaj tuaj yeem pom tseeb kev siv opiate.

Lwm yam kev kuaj yuav nyob ntawm koj tus kws khomob txhawj txog lwm yam teebmeem. Kev ntsuam xyuas yuav muaj xws li:

• Kev kuaj ntshav thiab ntshav siab ua haujlwm xws li CHEM-20
• CBC (ua tiav cov ntshav suav, ntsuas ntshav liab thiab qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov qe ntshav, uas pab ua kom ntshav txhaws)
• Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob xoo
• ECG (electrocardiogram, lossis mob plawv)
• Kev kuaj kab mob siab C, HIV, thiab kab mob ntsws (TB), vim coob leej neeg ua phem rau opiates tseem muaj cov kab mob no

Thim los ntawm cov tshuaj no rau ntawm koj tus kheej tuaj yeem nyuaj heev thiab tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij. Txoj kev kho feem ntau suav nrog tshuaj, kev ntuas thiab kev txhawb nqa. Koj thiab koj tus kws kho mob yuav sib tham txog koj cov hom phiaj kev tu thiab kho mob.

Kev rho tawm tuaj yeem siv ntau qhov chaw:

• Hauv tsev, siv cov tshuaj thiab ib qho kev txhawb zog muaj zog. (Txoj kev no nyuaj, thiab kev rho tawm yuav tsum tau maj mam ua nrawm dua.)
• Siv cov chaw ua haujlwm teeb tsa los pab cov tib neeg hauv detoxification (detox).
• Hauv tsev khomob, yog tias muaj mob hnyav.

COV TSHUAJ KHO MOB

Tshuaj txiav yeeb relieves cov tsos mob tshem tawm thiab pab nrog detox. Nws kuj tseem yog siv los ua lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev-ntev rau cov tshuaj opioid. Tom qab ib lub sijhawm txij nkawm, cov koob tshuaj yuav raug maj mam poob qis hauv lub sijhawm ntev. Qhov no pab txo qis kev sib zog ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tsos mob. Qee cov neeg nyob tshuaj txiav yeeb tau ntau xyoo.

Buprenorphine (Subutex) kho cov kev rho tawm ntawm opiates, thiab nws tuaj yeem txo qhov ntev ntawm detox. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau kev tu ncua ntev, xws li tshuaj txiav yeeb (Methadone). Buprenorphine tuaj yeem ua ke nrog Naloxone (Bunavail, Suboxone, Zubsolv), uas pab tiv thaiv kom tsis muaj kev vam khom thiab siv tsis raug.

Clonidine yog siv los pab txhawm rau txo qis ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, mob ib ce, tawm hws, los ntswg, thiab tu. Nws tsis pab txo kev nqhis dabtsi.

Lwm yam tshuaj tuaj yeem:

• Kho cov ntuav thiab raws plab
• Pab nrog pw

Naltrexone tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kom rov huam mob. Nws muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv ncoo lossis ua ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj. Nws tseem, txawm li cas los xij, tuaj yeem nqa tawm ib qho sai thiab mob hnyav yog tias noj thaum opioids tseem nyob hauv koj lub cev.

Cov neeg uas dhau mus zuj zus thiab dhau mus yuav tsum tau kho nrog kev siv tshuaj txiav yeeb ntev lossis kho buprenorphine.

Cov neeg feem coob xav tau kev kho mob ntev tom qab tshem tawm. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Kev pab tus kheej, zoo li Narcotics Anonymous lossis SMART Rov Ua Haujlwm
• Kev sab laj sab nrauv
• Kho sab nrauv (tsev kho mob hnub)
• Tshuaj kho neeg mob

Txhua tus neeg uas mus los ntawm detox rau opiates yuav tsum kuaj xyuas kev mob siab ntsws thiab lwm yam kev mob hlwb. Kho cov kev ntshawv siab no tuaj yeem txo qis kev phom sij. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab yuav tsum raug muab raws li xav tau.

Pawg sib txhawb, xws li Narcotics Anonymous thiab SMART Rov, tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg quav mus rau opiates:

• Narcotics Tsis qhia npe - www.na.org
• SMART Rov Qab - www.smartrecovery.org

Kev thim los ntawm opiates yog qhov mob, tab sis feem ntau tsis muaj kev phom sij txog lub neej.

Qhov mob lwm yam xam muaj qhov ntuav thiab ua pa tawm ntawm lub plab mus rau hauv lub ntsws. Qhov no hu ua kev plhaw, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws. Ntuav thiab raws plab tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev qhuav dej thiab lub cev tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov tshuaj ntxhia (electrolyte) cuam tshuam.

Qhov kev mob loj tshaj plaws yog rov qab rau kev siv yeeb tshuaj. Feem ntau opiate overdose tuag tshwm sim hauv cov neeg uas nyuam qhuav detoxed. Kev rho tawm txo tus neeg lub siab ntev rau cov tshuaj, yog li cov neeg uas nyuam qhuav dhau los ntawm kev thim tawm tuaj yeem siv ntau yam tshuaj me dua li lawv tau siv.

Hu rau koj tus kws khomob yog koj siv lossis rho tawm ntawm opiates.

Thau tawm los ntawm opioids; Kev Dopesickness; Tshuaj yeeb dej caw - opiate tawm; Kev quav yeeb tshuaj txhaum cai - opiate tawm; Kev quav yeeb tshuaj - opiate tshem tawm; Kev quav yeeb tshuaj - opiate tawm; Tshuaj txiav yeeb - opiate ntsoos ntsoos; Tshuaj kho mob - opiate tshem tawm; Kev tsim txom cov neeg heroin - opiate tshem tawm; Morphine kev tsim txom - opiate tshem tawm; Opoid tshem tawm; Meperidine - opiate thim tawm; Dilaudid - opiate tshem tawm; Oxycodone - opiate thim tawm; Percocet - opiate thim tawm; Oxycontin - opiate thim tawm; Hydrocodone - opiate tshem tawm; Detox - opiates; Kev tshem tawm - opiates

Kampman K, Jarvis M. Asmeskas Cov Koom Tes ntawm Kev Ua Tshuaj Ntxiv (ASAM) Kev Coj Ua Hauv Tebchaws rau kev siv tshuaj los kho mob rau txoj kev quav tshuaj muaj yees siv opioid. J Cov Mawv Xaus MedCov. Xyoo 2015; 9 (5): 358-367. PMID: 26406300 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26406300/.

Nikolaides JK, Thompson TM. Kev Siv Opioids. Hauv: Phab Ntsa RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Cov Tshuaj Siv Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Cov Ntsiab Lus thiab Kev Siv TshuajCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 156.

Ritter JM, Paj R, Henderson G, Loke YK, MacEwan D, Rang HP. Kev siv tshuaj thiab kev quav yeeb tshuaj. Hauv: Ritter JM, Paj R, Henderson G, Loke YK, MacEwan D, Rang HP, eds. Rang thiab Dale lub Tsev Muag KhoomCov. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 50.

Kev Tsim Txom thiab Raug Kev Pab Rau Kev Puas Hlwb. Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuaj thiab kev mob hlwb hauv Tebchaws Meskas: Cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txhua Xyoo 2018 ntawm Kev Siv Tshuaj thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/cbhsq-reports/NSDUHNationalFindings Report2018/NSDUHNationalFindings Report2018.pdf. Hloov tshiab Lub Yim Hli 2019. Nkag mus Lub Rau Hli 23, 2020.