Pituitary qog

Lub qog pituitary yog qhov kev loj hlob txawv txav hauv lub caj pas pituitary. Lub pituitary yog ib lub caj pas me me ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub paj hlwb. Nws tswj hwm lub cev qhov kev tshuav ntawm ntau cov tshuaj hormones.

Cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub cev feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem mob (benign). Txog 20% ​​ntawm tib neeg muaj cov qog nqaij hlav pituitary. Ntau cov hlav no tsis ua mob thiab yeej tsis kuaj thaum tus neeg lub neej.

Lub pituitary yog ib feem ntawm qhov endocrine system. Lub thaj ua rau pab tswj cov tshuaj hormones los ntawm lwm cov qog endocrine, xws li cov thyroid, cov qog ua ntshav (noob qes lossis zes qe menyuam), thiab cov qog adrenal. Lub pituitary kuj tso tawm cov tshuaj hormones uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev, xws li cov pob txha thiab cov qog mis mis. Cov tshuaj hormones pituitary suav nrog:

• Adrenocorticotropic lawm (ACTH)
• Kev loj hlob hormone (GH)
• Prolactin
• Cov thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• Luteinizing hormone (LH) thiab follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Raws li lub qog pituitary loj tuaj, cov qog ua haujlwm tawm cov keeb ntawm lub pituitary yuav raug puas ntsoog. Qhov no ua rau cov qog pituitary tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj hormones txaus. Tus mob no yog hu ua hypopituitarism.

Cov ua rau cov qog pituitary tsis paub. Cov qog ua hlav los ntawm cov mob muaj keeb xws li ntau yam keeb endocrine neoplasia I (MEN I).

Lub caj pas pituitary tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm cov qog hlwb uas tsim kho hauv tib feem ntawm lub hlwb (pob txha taub hau), uas ua rau cov tsos mob zoo sib xws.

Qee qhov hlav qog ua pa tawm ntau dhau ntawm ib lossis ntau cov tshuaj hormones. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov tsos mob ntawm ib lossis ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no tuaj yeem tshwm sim:

• Hyperthyroidism (cov thyroid caj pas ua rau nws cov tshuaj hormones ntau dhau; qhov no yog qhov mob uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ntawm lub qog ua kua)
• Cushing syndrome (lub cev muaj ntau dua qib theem ntawm cov tshuaj hormones cortisol)
• Gigantism (kev tsis txaus siab loj dua vim muaj ntau dua qib theem ntawm kev loj hlob hormone thaum menyuam yaus) lossis acromegaly (siab dua qib theem ntawm kev loj hlob hormone hauv cov neeg laus)
• Nipple tawm thiab ua poj niam coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem lossis qhaj
• Kev ua haujlwm tsawg tsawg ntawm txiv neej

Cov tsos mob los ntawm lub siab los ntawm lub qog pituitary loj dua tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Hloov pauv qhov muag pom xws li ob lub zeem muag, lub qhov muag tsis pom (tsis pom kev pom qhov muag), qhov muag daj qis lossis hloov qhov muag pom xim.
• Mob taub hau.
• Tsis muaj lub zog.
• Ntsia qhov ntswg ua kom pom tseeb, ua kua dej.
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav.
• Cov teeb meem tsis hnov ​​qhov hnov ​​tsw.
• Tsis tshua muaj, cov tsos mob no tshwm sim dheev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav (pituitary apoplexy).

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas lub cev. Tus kws zov me nyuam yuav sau cov teeb meem pom nrog ob lub zeem muag thiab qhov muag pom, xws li kev ploj ntawm sab (peripheral) lub zeem muag lossis lub peev xwm pom hauv qee qhov chaw.

Qhov kev kuaj yuav kuaj pom tias muaj cortisol ntau dhau (Cushing syndrome), kev loj hlob hormone ntau dhau (acromegaly), lossis ntau dhau lawm prolactin (prolactinoma).

Kev kuaj mob los kuaj xyuas cov kev ua haujlwm endocrine yuav raug txiav txim, suav nrog:

• Cortisol qib - kuaj mob dexamethasone los ntsuas, kuaj ntshav cortisol, kuaj kev mob salivary cortisol
• FSH qib
• Qhov kev loj hlob ntawm Insulin-1 (IGF-1) qib
• LHlevel
• Prolactin qib
• Testosterone / estradiol ntau ntau
• Cov qib thyroid hormones txaus - kev xeem T4 pub dawb, TSH xeem

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas pab ua pov thawj rau kev kuaj pom muaj raws li nram no:

• Pom teb
• MRI ntawm lub taub hau

Kev phais mob kom tshem tawm cov qog feem ntau yog xav tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov qog nias ntawm cov hlab ntshav uas tswj qhov muag (pom qhov muag).

Feem ntau, mob qog nqaij hlav tawm tuaj yeem phais tau los ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab qhov ntswg. Yog tias lub qog tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm txoj hau kev no, nws raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub pob txha taub hau.

Kev siv hluav taws xob nrog kev siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv lub ntsws me me rau cov neeg uas tsis tuaj yeem phais mob. Nws kuj tseem siv tau yog tias cov qog rov qab los tom qab kev phais.

Muaj qee kis, cov tshuaj tau raug kho kom ua qee yam qog.

Cov peev txheej no tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntau ntxiv ntawm cov qog pituitary:

• National Cancer Institute - www.cancer.gov/types/pituitary
• Cov koom haum Pituitary Network - pituitary.org
• Lub koom haum Pituitary - www.pituitarysociety.org

Yog tias cov qog tuaj yeem phais, tus qauv pom yog qhov zoo rau qhov zoo, nyob ntawm seb txhua lub qog tshem tawm.

Qhov mob loj tshaj plaws yog kev dig muag. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias optic lub paj tawg raug mob hnyav.

Cov qog lossis nws tshem tawm yuav ua rau lub neej ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tsis txaus. Cov tshuaj hormones uas cuam tshuam yuav xav hloov, thiab koj yuav tau noj tshuaj rau tas koj sim neej.

Lub qog thiab phais tau qee zaum ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm sab tom hauv av (rov qab ua rau lub qog). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav qab zib insipidus, ib qho mob uas muaj tsos mob nquag tso zis thiab nqhis dej heev.

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub qog hlwb.

Mob Cum - pituitary; Pituitary adenoma

• Cov qog endocrine
• Pituitary caj pas

Dorsey JF, Salinas RD, Dang M, li al. Mob kheesxaws ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb. Hauv: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical OncologyCov. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 63.

Melmed S, Kleinberg D. Pituitary pawg thiab qog. Hauv: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, eds. Williams Phau Ntawv ntawm EndocrinologyCov. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 9.